(n.) A defect of the eye or of a lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from one point are not brought to a single focal point, thus causing imperfect images or indistinctness of vision.
Example Sentences:
(1) The authors have presented in two previous articles the graphic solutions resembling Tscherning ellipses, for spherical as well as for aspherical ophthalmic lenses free of astigmatism or power error.
(2) The high incidence of infant astigmatism has implications for critical periods in human visual development and for infant acuity.
(3) The most frequently occurring signs were: tilting of the disc (89%), oblique direction of the vessels (89%) and myopic astigmatism (96%).
(4) There was no evidence of glaucoma in any of the patients although two patients exhibited keratoconus and another one manifested moderate to high astigmatism.
(5) Of 809 eyes that underwent the Kelman phacoemulsification and aspiration (KPE) procedure, we report on 4 patients (0.49%) who developed sudden against-the-rule (AR) astigmatism after intraocular lens implantation.
(6) The two last methods are used for correction of astigmatism.
(7) The eyes were compared to 105 control eyes in which no astigmatic incisions were performed to assess the estimated effect of the TAK incisions.
(8) The choice of the method depends on the kind and degree of astigmatism and the degree of the spherical ametropia of the operated eye.
(9) The change in refractive astigmatism was as high as 1.50DC (diopter cylinder).
(10) The endpoint for the procedure is corneal astigmatism that will allow either spectacle or contact lens correction, depending on the patient's visual needs.
(11) A total of 527 astigmatic patients were examined for their axial distribution.
(12) Astigmatism greater than +1.25 diopters (as high as +5.50 diopters) was most commonly associated with dacryoceles (eight of 12 eyes) and with hemangiomas (14 of 17 eyes).
(13) In terms of the various keratometry values compared, mean K (corneal refractive power), flattest K, steepest K, astigmatism and the axis of astigmatism, 65% to 75% of the cases on automated keratometry were within 0.26 dioptres or 11 degrees of manually determined values; the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001).
(14) Young adulthood myopia progression also appeared to be accompanied by a slight tendency toward a with-the-rule astigmatic shift.
(15) Forty-nine cases of primary keratophakia and 13 cases of secondary keratophakia were analyzed for postoperative astigmatism.
(16) A numerical example reveals some lesser known properties of the circle of least confusion of astigmatic pencils.
(17) Group II includes 10 patients with astigmatism due to circumscribed peripheral limbal corneal dystrophy.
(18) Amblyopia was due to anisometropia in 24 cases (50%), strabismus in 9 cases (18.7%), high astigmatism (meridional) in 7 cases (14.5%) and other causes or a combination of factors in 8 cases (16.7%).
(19) The differences between the 2 eyes were not statistically significant so far as the amount of astigmatism, final visual acuity, and peripheral anterior synechiae were concerned.
(20) Results showed that the wearing of spherical soft contact lenses, such as those used in this study, cannot be expected to predictably mask astigmatism.
Stigmatize
Definition:
(v. t.) To mark with a stigma, or brand; as, the ancients stigmatized their slaves and soldiers.
(v. t.) To set a mark of disgrace on; to brand with some mark of reproach or infamy.
Example Sentences:
(1) Should infected people be sought when there is no treatment and when a positive test result may lead to anxiety, stigmatization, and discrimination?
(2) Feelings of stigmatization and the affection by the disease loose weight as disturbing factors with increasing age and knowledge.
(3) By illuminating both the prejudical content of medical theories as well as the emancipatory actions of lesbian and gay communities to change stigmatizing diagnostic and treatment situations, the authors attempt to demystify ideologies about lesbians that motivate clinicians, administrators, educators, researchers, and theorists in the delivery of health services.
(4) Indication for the radiotherapy were mostly cosmetic reasons in stigmatizing tumors, but also in several cases pain, oedema or functional deficits as a result of the tumor lesions.
(5) With emphasis on individual therapeutic treatment, this paper provides a critical introduction to the concept and discusses the applicability of this therapeutic approach for extremely lower-lower class patients: patients doubly stigmatized by psychological illness and criminality who are treated in a forensic-psychiatric clinic.
(6) As the field of human genetics successfully continues to unravel the secrets of an individual's genetic makeup, the social processes of stigmatization and ostracism of those with "undesirable" traits have the potential to increase.
(7) The phenomenon of stigmatization emerged as experiences of rejection and protection in social interactions.
(8) The description included behavioral traits of mild temperament, absence of heterosexual interests, and concern about social stigmatization.
(9) One important difference is that among the urban unemployed the perceived size of the network is an explanatory factor, but among the rural unemployed perceived stigmatization is more important.
(10) A case showing some features of religious stigmatization is described.
(11) According to this electric theoretical framework, stigmatization, decreased social interaction, and loss of control over the environment are all negatively correlated with self-esteem.
(12) The results indicated that competent and physically nonstigmatized children were rated more favorably than incompetent and physically stigmatized children.
(13) Areas of psychosomatic involvement, and the influence of social support and stigmatization on presentation and response, are also discussed.
(14) It not only stigmatizes the mentally ill – who are much more likely to be victims of violence than perpetrators of it – but glosses over the role that misogyny and gun culture play (and just how foreseeable violence like this is) in a sexist society.
(15) The lack of childcare facilities and public stigmatization of women with addiction problems were commonly encountered problems.
(16) Information on demographic and illness variables that might predict feelings of being stigmatized were obtained.
(17) However, previous experience with genetic screening programs, including those for phenylketonuria and sickle cell disease, have revealed complex problems including error, confusion, and stigmatization.
(18) Raised levels of atmospheric water cause a variety of responses in self-pollen, ranging from tube growth through the pistil to the ovary, to tubes inhibited at the stigmatic surface, accompanied by the formation of callose.
(19) These results are not readily explained by stigmatization of frank obesity, and other mechanisms, possibly genetic, may be responsible.
(20) children with cleft lip and palate suffer from social stigmatization and specific disorders of self-evaluation.