(n.) An ultimate particle of matter not necessarily indivisible; a molecule.
(n.) A constituent particle of matter, or a molecule supposed to be made up of subordinate particles.
(n.) The smallest particle of matter that can enter into combination; one of the elementary constituents of a molecule.
(n.) Anything extremely small; a particle; a whit.
(v. t.) To reduce to atoms.
Example Sentences:
(1) It has been conformed that catalase from bovine liver eliminates only the pro R hydrogen atom from ethanol.
(2) The results demonstrated that K2PtCl4 was bound to a greater degree than CDDP in this system with 3-5 and 1-2 platinum atoms respectively, bound per transferrin molecule.
(3) Richard Bull Woodbridge, Suffolk • Why does Britain need Chinese money to build a new atomic generator ( Letters , 20 October)?
(4) The bond distances of Cu to Cl(1), Cl(2), N(3) and N(3') atoms are 2.299 (1), 2.267 (1), 1.985 (4) and 1.996 (3) A, respectively.
(5) The common atoms of the [3Fe-4S] and [4Fe-4S] cores agree within 0.1 A; the three common cysteinyl S gamma ligand atoms agree within 0.25 A.
(6) This result was confirmed by atomic absorption spectroscopy, which indicated a stoicheiometry for copper and manganese of approx.
(7) The inter-molecular similarity measure used is the number of atoms in the 3-D common substructure (CS) between the two molecules which are being compared.
(8) The risks are determined, mainly by expert committees, from the steadily growing information on exposed human populations, especially the survivors of the atomic bombs dropped in Japan in 1945.
(9) All N and O atoms except N(3) and O(4') participate in a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding system.
(10) This suggestion is supported by EPR studies, which show that the iron atoms in Fe(III)L-globin are in two low electronic states.
(11) The molar refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of the substituent.
(12) Binding to HSA occurs primarily with the imidazolidine and thiazolidine groups of levamisole as it has been demonstrated by selective changes in the relaxation times and the chemical shifts of the protons attached to the carbon atoms.
(13) Each repeat unit contains thirty amino acids and is thought to bind a zinc atom using two cysteines and two histidines as ligands.
(14) NADP+ bound at the C8 atom in the adenine moiety proved to be the most efficient ligand whereas that bound at the C3 atom of the ribose moiety was relatively inefficient.
(15) This structure is further characterized by approaches of both the carbonyl and the furan O atoms to ring H atoms with separations which are slightly less than the sum of the relevant van der Waals radii.
(16) The magnitude of improvement achieved is dependent upon field size, SSD, the atomic number of the foil material, and foil thickness.
(17) For the liver enzyme, the logarithm of the inhibition constant was linearly related to the number of carbon atoms in the saturated fatty acids whereas the muscle enzyme, which was generally more strongly inhibited, showed a nonlinear dependence.
(18) Results obtained from a such study are here compared with levels obtained from a comparative determination of the metals in the mosses by three other techniques: Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), Direct current plasma (atomic emission) spectroscopy (DCPS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy.
(19) It was hypothesized that the observed activity variation of the paracetamol analogues was based on the relative abilities of these compounds to undergo H atom loss at the phenolic oxygen, and on the relative stabilities of the resulting free-radical species.
(20) The resulting family of structures has a mean backbone rmsd of 0.63 A (N, C alpha, C', O atoms), excluding the segments containing residues 45-59 and 84-88.
Catenation
Definition:
(n.) Connection of links or union of parts, as in a chain; a regular or connected series. See Concatenation.
Example Sentences:
(1) A tabulation is given of the polynomials for all possible stereoisomers of many of the knotted and catenated forms that are found in DNA.
(2) We present a unified model for the relaxation, catenation, and knotting reactions of topoisomerase I in which the enzyme induces a break in a single-stranded region, but bridges that break with covalent and noncovalent interactions and allows passage of one duplex or single-stranded DNA segment.
(3) Unlike Escherichia coli topoisomerase I (omega), catenation by the HeLa topoisomerase I is not stimulated by gapped circles.
(4) Both the relaxation and the catenation reaction exhibit a salt optimum at 130 mM NaCl.
(5) Our findings suggest the need for closer examination for HPV episomal catenation in other cervical carcinoma cell lines as well as in primary carcinoma tissues of the uterine cervix and the anogenital tract.
(6) At low concentrations of Topo I (sufficient to confer specificity to the replication system for DNA templates containing a ColE1-type origin of DNA replication), the major products of the replication reaction were: multigenome-length, linear, double-stranded DNA molecules (an aberrant product); multiply interlinked, catenated, supercoiled DNA dimers; and a last Cairns-type replication intermediate.
(7) The increase in the number of TR in progeny episomes indicates that linear DNA is produced from concatameric replicative intermediates rather than from amplified catenated circular intermediates.
(8) Crude extracts and partially purified fractions contain an aggregating factor that can substitute spermidine in catenating reactions.
(9) Upon centrifugation of gently lysed T. cruzi cells through a sucrose gradient, a free DNA fraction was shown to contain catenated dimers and knotted DNA structures.
(10) The mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes is organized as a network of catenated circular DNA molecules called the kinetoplast.
(11) Unexpectedly, deletion of the first Zn finger, a point mutation in the Zn-catenation site in the first finger, or one in the steroid-specificity domain at the base of the first finger converted GR into a dexamethasone-responsive activator that enhanced basal and interleukin 1-induced IL-6 promoter function.
(12) The results are consistent with the idea that DNA-binding sites are fixed on the scaffold and mediate catenation of bound DNA circles by holding them in close proximity to each other.
(13) Ellipticine in particular produced these catenated dimers rapidly and efficiently.
(14) Consequently, the relaxation activity was almost the same between the RL and AH fractions, whereas the catenation activity was much higher in the AH fraction.
(15) For a DNA circle nicked at a unique location, the efficiency of DNA breakage opposite the nick correlates with the rate of catenation.
(16) This procedure liberates linearized minicircle molecules from network catenation, distributing them throughout the lysate, and allowing a small aliquot of the original lysate to be analyzed by PCR amplification.
(17) In vitro, the complexity of catenated products was linearly proportional to substrate supercoil density.
(18) These newly synthesized strands were not part of two catenated interlocked SV40 monomers suggesting that the block occurred prior to the final ligation reaction.
(19) Hypertonic medium appeared to inhibit both DNA unwinding in the termination region and separation of catenated dimers.
(20) MtDNA (monomeric and catenated dimeric forms) in transformed and uninfected CEF replicate by displacement synthesis.