What's the difference between atonic and tonic?

Atonic


Definition:

  • (a.) Characterized by atony, or want of vital energy; as, an atonic disease.
  • (a.) Unaccented; as, an atonic syllable.
  • (a.) Destitute of tone vocality; surd.
  • (n.) A word that has no accent.
  • (n.) An element of speech entirely destitute of vocality, or produced by the breath alone; a nonvocal or surd consonant; a breathing.
  • (n.) A remedy capable of allaying organic excitement or irritation.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Crisis engulfs Gabon hospital founded to atone for colonial crimes Read more At least seven people died and more than 1,000 were arrested in violent protests following the announcement of the election result earlier this month, which the leader of the opposition, Jean Ping, said Bongo, the incumbent, had rigged.
  • (2) It was on that occasion that then-opposition leader Tony Abbott said , “we have never fully made peace with the first Australians ... we need to atone for the omissions and for the hardness of heart of our forbears to enable us all to embrace the future as a united people”.
  • (3) As it is, the victims of the 1971 act die un-atoned.
  • (4) Morrison, atoning for his earlier miss, drilled home Rondón’s acrobatic cutback to pull a goal back for Albion but within seven minutes Chelsea had a third.
  • (5) But the Conservatives should be asking Kaminski to withdraw his statements about Jedwabne, apologise for his attacks on a brave Polish president, Alexander Kwasniewski, who, like Willy Brandt, was willing to make symobolic atonement for the crimes done to Jews in the second world war.
  • (6) Atonic drop attacks appear to be a common cause of ictal epileptic falling in MAEE.
  • (7) Callosotomy proved efficient in controlling atonic fits in 10 out of 15 patients in whom surgical results are evaluated.
  • (8) The two countries are locked in a long-running territorial dispute over uninhabited islands in the East China Sea , known as the Diaoyu to the Chinese and Senkakus to the Japanese, and China complains Japan has failed to fully atone for its brutality in the second world war.
  • (9) 1 The action of three polypeptides, bradykinin, substance P and eledoisin known to inhibit vascular smooth muscle has been examined on the anococcygeus muscle of the rat, cat and rabbit.2 In the atonic rat muscle, bradykinin and substance P had little or no effect on tone but eledoisin produced a sustained dose-related contraction which could be abolished by phentolamine (1 muM) and is, therefore, probably an indirect sympathomimetic effect.
  • (10) If we lived in the Roman era, the driving goal of our culture might have been dignity; in the dark ages, honour, in the middle ages, atonement.
  • (11) Equally, punishment must be proportionate and fair and those who are incarcerated must have the prospect of atonement and rehabilitation.
  • (12) Direct observation of an atonic uterus at cesarean section supported other evidence that uterine muscle may be affected.
  • (13) One woman suffered from atonic post-partum haemorrhage.
  • (14) 8 findings specific to endometriosis and the scores were as follows: Dysmenorrhea (1), dyspareunia (3), retroverted uterus (3), cul-de-sac nodularities (3), atonic (1) and marginal irregularity (1) of uterus, and perifimbrial adhesion (2) in hysterosalpingography, and unexplained infertility (2).
  • (15) In our case, atonic partial seizure was associated with nonepileptic equilibrium impairment, probably due to cerebral cortex dysfunction.
  • (16) According to urodynamic findings the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 9 neonates (30 per cent) with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia and high pressure, decreased-compliance bladders, and group 2 consisted of 21 children (70 per cent) with atonic bladders and low pressure, reduced-compliance bladders without dyssynergia.
  • (17) Treatment can vary from none at all (eg, in the child with a single febrile seizure) to the use of more than one drug and the ketogenic diet (eg, in poorly controlled atypical absence, atonic, and some myoclonic disorders).
  • (18) Similar complaints may occur in elderly people or in women with gynaecological problems owing to atonic urinary retention.
  • (19) 5 women had abnormal gestations visible macroscopically, by their green, brown, clotted, folded or atonic gestational sac.
  • (20) -- Intravenous infusion of per-minute amounts between 40 and 80 micrograms in cases of atonic haemorrhage or between 30 and 45 micrograms in the placental period, in general, produced uterine contraction and clearly reduced blood loss.

Tonic


Definition:

  • (a.) Of or relating to tones or sounds; specifically (Phon.), applied to, or distingshing, a speech sound made with tone unmixed and undimmed by obstruction, such sounds, namely, the vowels and diphthongs, being so called by Dr. James Rush (1833) " from their forming the purest and most plastic material of intonation."
  • (a.) Of or pertaining to tension; increasing tension; hence, increasing strength; as, tonic power.
  • (a.) Increasing strength, or the tone of the animal system; obviating the effects of debility, and restoring healthy functions.
  • (n.) A tonic element or letter; a vowel or a diphthong.
  • (n.) The key tone, or first tone of any scale.
  • (n.) A medicine that increases the strength, and gives vigor of action to the system.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) It is suggested that diabetes causes selective changes in the functioning of Gi in adipocyte membranes which removes the tonic GTP-dependent inhibitory function of this G-protein.
  • (2) Other Christmas favourites, including stollen, organic mince pies and Schweppes tonic will also be included among 100 seasonal products on the list of 1,000 items which shoppers can choose from over the next few months.
  • (3) In intact cell preparations, diamide produced a slow tonic contraction, consistent with myofibril activation.
  • (4) However, tetanic stimulation gave the same results as in untreated preparations when the tonicity was increased.
  • (5) Stimulus-response characteristics suggested that this system was well suited for a role in tonic inhibition of sympathetic activity.
  • (6) The amplitude was 15-70% as large as the tonic component of the K-contracture induced by 40 mM K. Theophylline (10 mM), 0.1 mM papaverine and 1 microM isoprenaline nearly abolished, and 1 mM cAMP partly depressed the tonic contraction of K-contracture, whereas the tonic contraction induced by the test solution was unaffected.
  • (7) While tonic pupil and reduced sweating can be attributed to the affection of postganglionic cholinergic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres projecting to the iris and sweat glands, respectively, the pathogenesis of diminished or lost tendon jerks remains obscure.
  • (8) Some organization schemes concerning locomotor and scratching rhythmicity generators are considered, such as: two half-centres with reciprocal inhibitory connections and tonic excitatory influences on these half-centres: two half-centres with inhibitory-excitatory connections and tonic excitatory influences on one half-centre; ring structures consisting of more than two functional groups of neurons with excitatory and inhibitory connections between them.
  • (9) Overall, carbamazepine and phenytoin are recommended drugs of first choice for single-drug therapy of adults with partial or generalized tonic-clonic seizures or with both.
  • (10) It was previously believed that the period of the circadian clock was primarily responsive to externally imposed tonic or phasic events.
  • (11) For now, he leans on the bar – a big man, XL T-shirt – and, in a soft Irish accent, orders himself a small gin and tonic and a bottle of mineral water.
  • (12) Relying on traditional medicine, all 20 women reported eating brown seaweed soup for 20 days after childbirth, and 5 said that they took tonic herbs during the puerperium.
  • (13) Amplitudes of the tonic response evoked by 39 mM-K+ in intact muscle tissues and the contraction induced by 0.3 microM-Ca2+ in skinned muscle were much the same.
  • (14) Tonic sympathetic neural control of heart rate was inferred from bradycardia after treatment with the adrenergic neuron-blocking agent, bretylium tosylate.
  • (15) These results clearly indicate that in both intact and OVX does, endogenous NPY is in part responsible for maintaining basal, tonic LH secretion.
  • (16) All motoneuron firing during fictive swimming is associated with a tonic depolarization that falls away slowly once firing stops, is increased by hyperpolarizing current, and is reduced by depolarizing current.
  • (17) The tonic influences were expressed in an increase in the amplitude parameters of the responses of the visual cortex in conditions of the formation in the posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus of a focus of heightened excitability (anode polarization), and their perceptible diminution with potassium depression in this nucleus.
  • (18) Lateralization may be an expression of reflex constraints bound initially to the infant's tonic-neck posture, with later development less reflex-patterned during the acquisition of more sophisticated information-processing strategies.
  • (19) During each session, measurements were made of either tonic accommodation or tonic vergence 30 s before stimulus onset and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 min after stimulus offset.
  • (20) The findings can be summarized as follows: (1) The effective concentration of SDS for termination of shark tonic immobility (an immediate and fast response) was close to its critical micellar concentration in sea water (70 microM).

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