(n.) A poisonous, white, crystallizable alkaloid, extracted from the Atropa belladonna, or deadly nightshade, and the Datura Stramonium, or thorn apple. It is remarkable for its power in dilating the pupil of the eye. Called also daturine.
Example Sentences:
(1) Comparison if single injections of MSB and atropine in normal subjects also demonstrated a more reliable dose-response relationship with MSB.
(2) ), but it was potentiated by either atropine (5 mg kg-1 i.p.)
(3) Eight healthy, nonsmoking subjects received 1.7, 3.4, and 5.2 mg of atropine sulfate by inhalation and 1.67 mg of atropine free base (equivalent to 2 mg of atropine sulfate) by intramuscular (i.m.)
(4) Anti-histamine and anti-serotonin drugs, as well as substances capable of blocking synthesis of prostaglandins or activation of the kinin system, and also atropine, were ineffective in reducing the responses to TsTX or electrical stimuli.
(5) Neither atropine (1.4 X 10(-6) M) nor propranolol (3.4 X 10(-6) M) blocked the inhibitory action of neurotensin (10(-8) M) on the inhibitory potential.
(6) The effect was countered by prior administration of atropine into the site.
(7) The effects were atropine-resistant and qualitatively similar to those seen with cocaine.
(8) Atropine (1 microM) was used to block the muscarinic cholinoceptors.
(9) The vagally induced pyloric contraction was resistant to atropine but sensitive to SPA and hexamethonium, indicating involvement of SP in the activation of preganglionic neurons as well.
(10) Carbachol microinjected into the LRN also produced an antinociception which was attenuated significantly by atropine but not naloxone previously microinjected into the same site in the LRN.
(11) However, when parasympathetic activity was abolished by atropine and tracheal tone was restored with 5-hydroxytryptamine, benzodiazepines applied on the VMS had no effect on tracheal pressure.
(12) The inhibitory response was not decreased by treatment with atropine, hexamethonium, yohimbine or naloxone, suggesting that muscarinic, nicotinic, alpha 2 adrenergic or opiate receptors were not being stimulated.
(13) The inhibitory phase was blocked by atropine and the excitatory phase was eliminated by tubocurarine chloride, hexamethonium bromide or pindolol.
(14) Acetylcholine increases their turnover, Atropine reduces it, and the addition of atropine counteracts the effect of acetylcholine in all these phospholipids.
(15) Hypoxic exposure following atropine treatment resulted in progressive increases in PVA, Q and stroke volume; fH decreased during the recovery period.
(16) In LM strips, the contractile responses to tachykinins were unaffected by spantide and methysergide, but partly decreased by tetrodotoxin and atropine.
(17) Atropine significantly reduced rhinorrhea, the levels of histamine, and TAME-esterase activity as well as the osmolality of recovered lavage fluids, but had no effect on nasal congestion or albumin.
(18) Combined propranolol-atropine blockade increased heart rate at rest in the SAP state, and significantly attenuated the tachycardia accompanying treadmill exercise.
(19) Atropine inhibited insulin release induced by both acetylcholine and by 16.4 mM glucose.
(20) Atropine stimulated significantly the rat liver and esophagus carcinogenesis, whereas the alpha-adrenoblocking agent, a pyrrhoxane analogue, and, particularly, proserine inhibited these processes.
Drug
Definition:
(v. i.) To drudge; to toil laboriously.
(n.) A drudge (?).
(n.) Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical operations.
(n.) Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand.
(v. i.) To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines.
(v. t.) To affect or season with drugs or ingredients; esp., to stupefy by a narcotic drug. Also Fig.
(v. t.) To tincture with something offensive or injurious.
(v. t.) To dose to excess with, or as with, drugs.
Example Sentences:
(1) Previous use of the drug is found in more than 50 per cent of the patients, and it was often followed by a neglected side-effect.
(2) Disease stabilisation was associated with prolonged periods of comparatively high plasma levels of drug, which appeared to be determined primarily by reduced drug clearance.
(3) The significance of minor increases in the serum creatinine level must be recognized, so that modifications of drug therapy can be made and correction of possibly life-threatening electrolyte imbalances can be undertaken.
(4) We have investigated the effect of methimazole (MMI) on cell-mediated immunity and ascertained the mechanisms of immunosuppression produced by the drug.
(5) Theophylline kinetics, as an in vivo probe for the potentially toxic cytochrome P-450I pathway of drug metabolism, were studied in 11 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with calcific chronic pancreatitis at Madras, South India.
(6) However, medicines have an important part to play, and it is now generally agreed that for the very poor populations medicines should be restricted to those on an 'essential drugs list' and should be made available as cheaply as possible.
(7) The ability of azelastine to influence antigen-induced contractile responses (Schultz-Dale phenomenon) in isolated tracheal segments of the guinea-pig was investigated and compared with selected antiallergic drugs and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.
(8) The LD50 of the following metal-binding chelating drugs, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), cyclohexanediaminotetraacetic acid (CDTA) and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) was evaluated in terms of mortality in rats after intraperitoneal administration and was found to be in the order: CDTA greater than EDTA greater than DTPA greater than TTHA greater than HEDTA.
(9) Meanwhile the efficiency of muscarinic antagonists in inhibition of tremor reaction induced by arecoline administration is associated with interaction between the drugs and the M2-subtype.
(10) Some of those drugs are able to stimulate the macrophages, even in an aspecific way, via the gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT), that is in connection with the bronchial associated lymphatic tissue (BALT).
(11) The 14C-aminopyrine breath test was used to measure liver function in 14 normal subjects, 16 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 14 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and 29 patients taking a variety of drugs.
(12) The results of the evaluation confirm that most problems seen by first level medical personnel in developing countries are simple, repetitive, and treatable at home or by a paramedical worker with a few safe, essential drugs, thus avoiding unnecessary visits to a doctor.
(13) Acquired drug resistance to INH, RMP, and EMB can be demonstrated in M. kansasii, and SMX in combination with other agents chosen on the basis of MIC determinations are effective in the treatment of disease caused by RMP-resistant M. kansasii.
(14) Further development of drug formulary concept was discussed, primarily for the drugs paid by the Health Insurance, as well as the unsatisfactory ADR reporting in Yugoslavia.
(15) Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont, who is also seeking the Democratic presidential nomination, recently proposed a bill that would ease the financial burden of prescription drugs on elderly Americans by allowing Medicare, the national social health insurance program, to negotiate with the pharmaceutical companies to keep prices down.
(16) The authors empirically studied the self-medication hypothesis of drug abuse by examining drug effects and motivation for drug use in 494 hospitalized drug abusers.
(17) Inadequate treatment, caused by a lack of drugs and poorly trained medical attendants, is also a major problem.
(18) To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intolerance and the effect of gold use on the seroprevalence of H. pylori.
(19) A remarkable deterioration of prognosis with increasing age rises the question whether treatment with cytotoxic drugs should be tried in patients more than 60 years old.
(20) It was concluded that metoclopramide and dexamethasone showed an excellent antiemetic effect on acute drug-induced emesis, as well as on delayed emesis, induced by cisplatin.