What's the difference between attack and refutation?

Attack


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To fall upon with force; to assail, as with force and arms; to assault.
  • (v. t.) To assail with unfriendly speech or writing; to begin a controversy with; to attempt to overthrow or bring into disrepute, by criticism or satire; to censure; as, to attack a man, or his opinions, in a pamphlet.
  • (v. t.) To set to work upon, as upon a task or problem, or some object of labor or investigation.
  • (v. t.) To begin to affect; to begin to act upon, injuriously or destructively; to begin to decompose or waste.
  • (v. i.) To make an onset or attack.
  • (n.) The act of attacking, or falling on with force or violence; an onset; an assault; -- opposed to defense.
  • (n.) An assault upon one's feelings or reputation with unfriendly or bitter words.
  • (n.) A setting to work upon some task, etc.
  • (n.) An access of disease; a fit of sickness.
  • (n.) The beginning of corrosive, decomposing, or destructive action, by a chemical agent.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) In attacking the motion to freeze the licence fee during today's Parliamentary debate the culture secretary, Andy Burnham, criticised the Tory leader.
  • (2) The major treatable risk factors in thromboembolic stroke are hypertension and transient ischemic attacks (TIA).
  • (3) In January, Paris taxi drivers attacked an Uber car transporting two passengers from Charles de Gaulle airport.
  • (4) The manufacturers, British Aerospace describe it as a "single-seat, radar equipped, lightweight, multi-role combat aircraft, providing comprehensive air defence and ground attack capability".
  • (5) She had three attacks of severe migrainous headache accompanied with nausea and vomiting within three weeks.
  • (6) 2.39pm BST The European Union called for a "thorough and immediate" investigation of the alleged chemical attack.
  • (7) Lactate-induced anxiety and symptom attacks without panic were seen more often in the groups with panic attacks, but a full-blown panic attack was provoked in only four subjects, all belonging to the groups with a history of panic attacks.
  • (8) A 45-year-old mother of four, named as Hediye Sen, was killed during clashes in Cizre, while a 70-year-old died of a heart attack during fighting in Silopi, according to hospital sources.
  • (9) A full-scale war is unlikely but there is clear concern in Seoul about the more realistic threat of a small-scale attack on the South Korean military or a group of islands near the countries' disputed maritime border in the Yellow Sea.
  • (10) This attack can take place during organogenesis, during early differentiation of neural anlagen after neural tube closure or during biochemical differentiation of the brain.
  • (11) For the second propositus, a woman presenting with abdominal and psychiatric manifestations, the age of onset was 38 years; the acute attack had no recognizable cause; she had mild skin lesions and initially was incorrectly diagnosed as intermittent acute porphyria; the diagnosis of variegate porphyria was only established at the age of 50 years.
  • (12) My thoughts are with all those who have lost loved ones or been injured in this barbaric attack.
  • (13) The charges against Harrison were filed just after two white men were accused of fatally shooting three black people in Tulsa in what prosecutors said were racially motivated attacks.
  • (14) Treatment with salbutamol inhalation had a beneficial effect on the duration of their adynamic attacks.
  • (15) Diabetic retinopathy (an index of microangiopathy) and absence of peripheral pulses, amputation, or history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or transient ischemic attacks (as evidence of macroangiopathy) caused surprisingly little increase in relative risk for cardiovascular death.
  • (16) The remain side have already targeted Johnson’s credibility in attacks that the Brexiters believe were orchestrated by Downing Street.
  • (17) I first saw them live at the location of the terror attack, Manchester Arena – then the MEN – aged 15, a teen at a gig with my friends, as many of the Grande’s fans were.
  • (18) Maguire's colleagues rushed to her side, some administering first aid while others held her attacker, witnesses said.
  • (19) But late last month, Amisom pushed them out of Afgoye, a strategic stronghold 30km from Mogadishu, where Amisom officials say the militants used to manufacture explosives used in attacks on the capital.
  • (20) Repeated transient ischemic attacks in the same territory with minimal lesions on arteriography and non-homogeneous plaque on duplex scan; 2.

Refutation


Definition:

  • (n.) The act or process of refuting or disproving, or the state of being refuted; proof of falsehood or error; the overthrowing of an argument, opinion, testimony, doctrine, or theory, by argument or countervailing proof.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The operational meaning of all the resulting theorems is that when any of them appear to be refuted experimentally, the presence of more than one parallel transport pathway (that is, of membrane heterogeneity transverse to the direction of transport) can be inferred and analyzed.
  • (2) The results presented refute arguments that these enzymes proceed by a concerted mechansim and support the intermediacy of aminoacyladenylates.
  • (3) Theories of urea formation during allantoin degradation in Glycine max have been recently refuted.
  • (4) A mitochondriogenic mechanism of calcification could not be confirmed nor refuted by this study.
  • (5) The probability that the initial situation is correct--the proband and the cohabitant's six children are all legitimate-is "practically refuted": W = 0.03%.
  • (6) The IFS says similar declines emerge if you set the figure as low as 40% of median income – utterly refuting Nick Clegg's toxic line dismissing the threshold as just "poverty plus a pound" .
  • (7) Molly Prince, managing director of the company, refuted the Guardian story with some lustily expressed but random facts: "CPUK have not only purchased tents for everyone (some stewards wanted to use their own but it was too wet to put them up, they insisted in having a go!).
  • (8) The need for neighboring states to use their data to confirm or refute findings is stressed.
  • (9) Hume, whose grantmaking credentials include leading a £500m cancer and palliative care grant programme for the Big Lottery Fund, refutes the notion that hospices will lose out.
  • (10) Additional studies are highly desirable to confirm or refute these findings, which, if valid, mean increasing lung cancer hazards caused by a decrease in ventilation in future energy saving unless special measures are undertaken to reduce radon daughters in dwellings.
  • (11) This did not happen and, on the evidence presented in this paper, the Fry theory of the pathogenesis of the deviated nasal septum is refuted.
  • (12) Marshall refuted claims CSIRO was moving away from public good scientific research , labelling it disturbing and untrue.
  • (13) This explanation was refuted, as all thymic subpopulations were found to express CD1, albeit with differences in antigen density, whereas all extrathymic subpopulations lack CD1.
  • (14) Location of En at the MN locus would not, however, refute the theory that Wra and Wrb cannot function in the absence of En.
  • (15) The hypothesis that the function of recA gene is to convert the unidirectionally replicating machinery in the free state to the bidirectionally replicating one in the integrated state is refuted accordingly.
  • (16) Observation refutes Freud's often quoted statement that masturbation is further removed from the nature of women than of men.
  • (17) Use of such data led to a false impression of drug efficacy, an impression later refuted when proper control studies demonstrated that the range of disease was much greater than had been previously supposed.
  • (18) Results refute the assertion that people who stutter are more anxious or depressed than those who do not.
  • (19) The claim made by astrologers that people can be characterized according to their sign of the zodiac (sagitarius, taurus, cancer, scorpion) must be refuted.
  • (20) Predictions from the chiasma map can be confirmed or refuted only by genetic evidence for which the estimates of this paper serve as initial values to begin maximum likelihood iteration.