What's the difference between attainment and standard?

Attainment


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; hence, the act of obtaining by efforts.
  • (n.) That which is attained to, or obtained by exertion; acquirement; acquisition; (pl.), mental acquirements; knowledge; as, literary and scientific attainments.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The goals in control patients were to attain normal values for all hemodynamic measurements.
  • (2) In the group of high myopia (over 20 D), the mean correction was 13.4 D. In the group with refraction between 0 and 6 D, 88% of the eyes treated had attained a correction between -1 and +1 D 3 months postoperatively.
  • (3) Seven patients were treated with combination chemotherapy, consisting of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) or MOPP (chloromethine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone), in some cases followed by non-cross-resistant second line chemotherapy, if no complete response was attained.
  • (4) Radioactivity attained in different tissues at different times after a single intraperitoneal injection of 3H-gentamicin into male rats was determined using scintillation counting.
  • (5) When cultures were pulse labeled for 15 min and then incubated under chase conditions for 105 min, the amount of degraded collagen attained a value equal to approximately 20% of the amount synthesized during the labeling period; the data were fit with a simple exponential function that had a 40-min rise time and a 12-min lag time.
  • (6) The amount of 15N incorporated into the proteins in 1 litre plasma attained up to 3% of the given dose.
  • (7) In males, the percentage of animals having mucous cells increased with sexual maturation and attained 100 per cent at age six months.
  • (8) The mechanism by which such high levels were attained was primrily a combination of arterial hypoxia and a high carbon monoxide yield from tobacco.
  • (9) However, when it has attained a length of about half the cell body diameter, it becomes SUP GLU+ and 6-11B-1+.
  • (10) One patient attained a complete response, two a partial response, and two showed progressive disease.
  • (11) Dose adjustment using 24-hour levels was well tolerated and should help to attain a more rapid response to antidepressant treatment.
  • (12) In contrast, T lymphocyte cytolytic activity developed more slowly in regressing sarcomas and attained peak levels coincident with the beginning of tumor regression.
  • (13) Experimental photogenic epilepsy attained by creating GPIE in the EGB with the aid of TT, is proposed as a model for studying the mechanism of epileptogenesis and testing the efficacy of anticonvulsive drugs.
  • (14) The surgical approach used for each type of complication is discussed, underlining the end-result to be attained in relation to the patient's future.
  • (15) In particular, poorly differentiated carcinomas at this site should be treated as germ cell tumors, and so long-term survival will be attainable.
  • (16) ODC attained maximum activity in controls on day 11, increasing by more than an order of magnitude above the activity found on day 9.
  • (17) As many as 25 turnovers of the transport cycle per monomer can occur prior to attainment of steady state.
  • (18) Nearly 30% of students scored A or A*, whereas across the UK only 26% attained these grades.
  • (19) During well-coordinated neurological and psychiatric treatment the laughing seizures (spontaneous, event-related, psychogenic) decreased and a considerable improvement in psychiatric and psychosocial problems was attained.
  • (20) An arrest of a depressive syndrome in manic-depressive psychosis in old age can be attained by an introduction of 150-200 mg of azafen daily.

Standard


Definition:

  • (n.) A flag; colors; a banner; especially, a national or other ensign.
  • (n.) That which is established by authority as a rule for the measure of quantity, extent, value, or quality; esp., the original specimen weight or measure sanctioned by government, as the standard pound, gallon, or yard.
  • (n.) That which is established as a rule or model by authority, custom, or general consent; criterion; test.
  • (n.) The proportion of weights of fine metal and alloy established by authority.
  • (n.) A tree of natural size supported by its own stem, and not dwarfed by grafting on the stock of a smaller species nor trained upon a wall or trellis.
  • (n.) The upper petal or banner of a papilionaceous corolla.
  • (n.) An upright support, as one of the poles of a scaffold; any upright in framing.
  • (n.) An inverted knee timber placed upon the deck instead of beneath it, with its vertical branch turned upward from that which lies horizontally.
  • (n.) The sheth of a plow.
  • (n.) A large drinking cup.
  • (a.) Being, affording, or according with, a standard for comparison and judgment; as, standard time; standard weights and measures; a standard authority as to nautical terms; standard gold or silver.
  • (a.) Hence: Having a recognized and permanent value; as, standard works in history; standard authors.
  • (a.) Not supported by, or fastened to, a wall; as, standard fruit trees.
  • (a.) Not of the dwarf kind; as, a standard pear tree.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) All transplants were performed using standard techniques, the operation for the two groups differing only as described above.
  • (2) Standardization is possible after correction by the protein content of each individual section.
  • (3) Recently, the validity of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) standards for selection of spirometric test results has been questioned based on the finding of inverse dependence of FEV1 on effort.
  • (4) The cumulative incidence of grade II and III acute GVHD in the 'low dose' cyclosporin group was 42% compared to 51% in the 'standard dose' group (P = 0.60).
  • (5) For assessment of clinical status, investigators must rely on the use of standardized instruments for patient self-reporting of fatigue, mood disturbance, functional status, sleep disorder, global well-being, and pain.
  • (6) Anytime they feel parts of the Basic Law are not up to their current standards of political correctness, they will change it and tell Hong Kong courts to obey.
  • (7) Standard nerve conduction techniques using constant measured distances were applied to evaluate the median, ulnar and radial nerves.
  • (8) Since interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) is useful as a single agent, it is important to determine if interferon can be combined with standard chemotherapy to improve both response and survival in patients with cancer.
  • (9) Lysis of EAC4b,3b cellular intermediates formed to contain a low surface amount of C3b was more inhibited than was lysis of cells formed with a standard amount of C3b on the surface.
  • (10) The detection of these antibodies is difficult owing to the lack of standardization and of specificity of the laboratory tests.
  • (11) We have compared two new methods (a solvent extraction technique and a method involving a disposable, pre-packed reverse phase chromatography cartridge) with the standard method for determining the radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-HMPAO.
  • (12) The enzyme was quantitated by incubation of 16-micron-thick brain sections with 0.07-2 nM of the converting enzyme inhibitor 125I-351A and comparison to 125I-standards.
  • (13) The UK's standard position on ICC indictees is to avoid all contact unless "essential".
  • (14) The examination of the standard waves' amplitude and latency of the brain stem auditory evoked response (BAEP) was performed in 20 guinea pigs (males and females, weighing 250 to 300 g).
  • (15) This suggests that molars do not maintain a fixed relationship to incisors over time, and extreme care must be taken to standardize an experiment to a specific body weight when using this method.
  • (16) Using serial section electron microscopic reconstructions as a reference, we have chosen as our standard procedure a method that maximizes both the preservation of the cytoskeleton and the proportion of cells staining, while minimizing the degree of nonspecific staining.
  • (17) The cyclical nature of pyromania has parallels in cycles of reform in standards of civil commitment (Livermore, Malmquist & Meehl, 1958; Dershowitz, 1974), in the use of physical therapies and medications (Tourney, 1967; Mora, 1974), in treatment of the chronically mentally ill (Deutsch, 1949; Morrissey & Goldman, 1984), and in institutional practices (Treffert, 1967; Morrissey, Goldman & Klerman (1980).
  • (18) The standard varies from modest to lavish – choose carefully and you could be staying in an antique-filled room with your host's paintings on the walls, and breakfasting on the veranda of a tropical garden.
  • (19) A technique, using Nuclepore polycarbonate membrane filters as a containing medium for very small volumes of ionic standard solutions, to produce homogeneous ice standards is described.
  • (20) A number of variables which could influence the test has been evaluated and standardized in a way suitable for the routinary use of the technique described.