(n.) The act or process of making slender, or the state of being slender; emaciation.
(n.) The act of attenuating; the act of making thin or less dense, or of rarefying, as fluids or gases.
(n.) The process of weakening in intensity; diminution of virulence; as, the attenuation of virus.
Example Sentences:
(1) This suggested that the chemical effects produced by shock waves were either absent or attenuated in the cells, or were inherently less toxic than those of ionizing irradiation.
(2) The results are consistent with our previous suggestion that lethality for virulent SFV infection results from a lethal threshold of damage to neurons in the CNS and that attenuating mutations may reduce neuronal damage below this threshold level.
(3) Exposure to nanomolar concentrations of saralasin, an Ang II agonist, attenuated the passage of the fluorophores across the monolayers by 50-75%.
(4) Furthermore, the ability of a vasopressin antagonist to lower arterial pressure in NTS hypertensive rats was markedly attenuated by clonidine treatment.
(5) These results indicate that during IPPV the increased Pcv attenuates the pressure gradient for venous return and decreases CO and that the compensatory increase in Psf is caused by a blood shift from unstressed to stressed blood volume.
(6) Mild, significant improvement was noted in one of the hearing components, "attenuation," and an adverse effect was shown on "distortion," owing to noise.
(7) It inhibits platelet and vascular smooth muscle activation by cGMP-dependent attenuation of the agonist-induced rise of intracellular free Ca2+.
(8) Genetic regulation of the ilvGMEDA cluster involves attenuation, internal promoters, internal Rho-dependent termination sites, a site of polarity in the ilvG pseudogene of the wild-type organism, and autoregulation by the ilvA gene product, the biosynthetic L-threonine deaminase.
(9) Pharmacodynamic relationships are not well established for other therapeutic effects of theophylline, such as attenuation of pharmacologically induced bronchoconstriction.
(10) Propranolol, 0.85 X 10(-6) M, did not significantly depress the ouabain-enhanced rate of phase 4 depolarization but did attenuate the response to epinephrine through beta blockade.
(11) After large bowel removal, there was impaired glucose tolerance and attenuated plasma insulin secretion.
(12) Studies were conducted in isolated, buffer-perfused rat lungs to determine if prostaglandin (PG) E1 attenuated pulmonary edema provoked by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
(13) The toxins preferentially attenuate a slow phase of KCl-evoked glutamate release which may be associated with synaptic vesicle mobilization.
(14) The Northern quahaug and a strain of the type 1 attenuated poliovirus were used as the working model.
(15) Our dynamic study indicated that: 1) a bolus injection of contrast medium with our method of CTA (CTA-B) produced an attenuation difference between liver and tumor which was about double that obtained with standard methods for CTA, and 2) marked tumor-liver attenuation differences (above 20 HU) persisted for more than 60 s in CTA-B and for not more than 20 s with conventional methods for CTA.
(16) It appears that the viscosity of the arterial wall must be the major source of attenuation in the larger arteries, while the viscosity of the blood plays a significant role only in the smaller vessels.
(17) Fluid movement out of the ICF space attenuated the decrease in the ECF space.
(18) We show that the two mutants (A44 and A46) affect attenuator control by different mechanisms.
(19) The type I cells are squamous and give off attenuated sheets of cytoplasm which spread widely over the septal surface; these sheets contain few organelles.
(20) A sequence of seven pairings of chili-flavored diet with prompt recovery from thiamine deficiency did significantly attenuate the innate aversion and may have induced a chili preference in at least one case.
Level
Definition:
(n.) A line or surface to which, at every point, a vertical or plumb line is perpendicular; a line or surface which is everywhere parallel to the surface of still water; -- this is the true level, and is a curve or surface in which all points are equally distant from the center of the earth, or rather would be so if the earth were an exact sphere.
(n.) A horizontal line or plane; that is, a straight line or a plane which is tangent to a true level at a given point and hence parallel to the horizon at that point; -- this is the apparent level at the given point.
(n.) An approximately horizontal line or surface at a certain degree of altitude, or distance from the center of the earth; as, to climb from the level of the coast to the level of the plateau and then descend to the level of the valley or of the sea.
(n.) Hence, figuratively, a certain position, rank, standard, degree, quality, character, etc., conceived of as in one of several planes of different elevation.
(n.) A uniform or average height; a normal plane or altitude; a condition conformable to natural law or which will secure a level surface; as, moving fluids seek a level.
(n.) An instrument by which to find a horizontal line, or adjust something with reference to a horizontal line.
(n.) A measurement of the difference of altitude of two points, by means of a level; as, to take a level.
(n.) A horizontal passage, drift, or adit, in a mine.
(a.) Even; flat; having no part higher than another; having, or conforming to, the curvature which belongs to the undisturbed liquid parts of the earth's surface; as, a level field; level ground; the level surface of a pond or lake.
(a.) Coinciding or parallel with the plane of the horizon; horizontal; as, the telescope is now level.
(a.) Even with anything else; of the same height; on the same line or plane; on the same footing; of equal importance; -- followed by with, sometimes by to.
(a.) Straightforward; direct; clear; open.
(a.) Well balanced; even; just; steady; impartial; as, a level head; a level understanding. [Colloq.]
(a.) Of even tone; without rising or falling inflection.
(v. t.) To make level; to make horizontal; to bring to the condition of a level line or surface; hence, to make flat or even; as, to level a road, a walk, or a garden.
(v. t.) To bring to a lower level; to overthrow; to topple down; to reduce to a flat surface; to lower.
(v. t.) To bring to a horizontal position, as a gun; hence, to point in taking aim; to aim; to direct.
(v. t.) Figuratively, to bring to a common level or plane, in respect of rank, condition, character, privilege, etc.; as, to level all the ranks and conditions of men.
(v. t.) To adjust or adapt to a certain level; as, to level remarks to the capacity of children.
(v. i.) To be level; to be on a level with, or on an equality with, something; hence, to accord; to agree; to suit.
(v. i.) To aim a gun, spear, etc., horizontally; hence, to aim or point a weapon in direct line with the mark; fig., to direct the eye, mind, or effort, directly to an object.
Example Sentences:
(1) Cancer patients showed abnormally high plasma free tryptophan levels.
(2) Similar experimental manipulation has yielded in vitro lines established from avian B-cell lymphomas expressing elevated levels of c-myc or v-rel.
(3) Multiple stored energy levels were randomly tested and the percent successful defibrillation was plotted against the stored energy, and the raw data were fit by logistic regression.
(4) Serum levels of both dihydralazine and metabolites were very low and particularly below the detection limit.
(5) Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, volumes, and temperatures of expired gas were measured from the tracheal and esophageal tubes.
(6) Since fingernail creatinine (Ncr) reflects serum creatinine (Scr) at the time of nail formation, it has been suggested that Ncr level might represent that of Scr around 4 months previously.
(7) Disease stabilisation was associated with prolonged periods of comparatively high plasma levels of drug, which appeared to be determined primarily by reduced drug clearance.
(8) The significance of minor increases in the serum creatinine level must be recognized, so that modifications of drug therapy can be made and correction of possibly life-threatening electrolyte imbalances can be undertaken.
(9) The high amino acid levels in the cells suggest that these cells act as inter-organ transporters and reservoirs of amino acids, they have a different role in their handling and metabolism from those of mammals.
(10) LHRH therapy leads to higher plasma LH levels and a lower FSH in response to an intravenous LHRH test.
(11) On the other hand, the LAP level, identical in preterms and SDB, is lower than in full-term infants but higher than in adults.
(12) BL6 mouse melanoma cells lack detectable H-2Kb and had low levels of expression of H-2Db Ag.
(13) Together these results suggest that IVC may operate as a selective activator of calpain both in the cytosol and at the membrane level; in the latter case in synergism with the activation induced by association of the proteinase to the cell membrane.
(14) Participants (n=165) entering a week-long outpatient education program completed a protocol measuring self-care patterns, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and emotional well-being.
(15) Measurement of the intraspinal monoamine level revealed a decrease in the intraspinal norepinephrine level in the treated animals.
(16) The level of gadd45 mRNA increased rapidly after X rays at doses as low as 2 Gy.
(17) Irrespective of the type of arthropathy, synovial fluid dialysable hydroxyproline levels correlate with urinary hydroxyproline excretion.
(18) This induction is sensitive to actinomycin D but not to protein synthesis inhibitor puromycin, indicating an effect of estradiol at the transcriptional level, possibly mediated by the estrogen receptor.
(19) Quantitative determinations indicate that the amount of PBG-D mRNA is modulated both by the erythroid nature of the tissue and by cell proliferation, probably at the transcriptional level.
(20) This new observation offers good possibilities to study the metabolism of tryptophan at the cellular level.