What's the difference between authorship and composition?

Authorship


Definition:

  • (n.) The quality or state of being an author; function or dignity of an author.
  • (n.) Source; origin; origination; as, the authorship of a book or review, or of an act, or state of affairs.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) This problem cannot be solved by attempts to multiply publications unnecessarily or to blur the meaning of authorship.
  • (2) This weekend, in an interview with ABC and on Twitter, Trump questioned the authorship of the speech, insisted he had made sacrifices for his country comparable to those of the Khans, and complained of being “ viciously attacked ” by Khizr Khan.
  • (3) In fact McCracken points to problems that others don't seem to, such as: Samsung may have barely mentioned Android at its Galaxy S4 launch event, but there's plenty of evidence of Google's handiwork in the S4, and at times, the handset's joint authorship results in competing features, overlapping functionality and a general sense of redundancy.
  • (4) To help nurse faculty and administrators address four of the more common problem areas, the author discusses the ethics of multiple authorship, conflict of interest, fraud, and salami publishing.
  • (5) Authorship of the genus Leucocytozoon has been variously assigned to several investigatiors, especially Danilewsky and Ziemann.
  • (6) No one at this stage had said there were problems of authorship or plagiarism with the thesis.
  • (7) Four reviewers independently assessed each study, without knowledge of authorship, according to 35 criteria, 14 of which were considered critical for this type of study.
  • (8) A trend was also revealed toward multiple authorship of articles over the ten-year period.
  • (9) Trends toward CRNA authorship and addressing ethical concerns were identified.
  • (10) Thus once more a debate about art, community, authorship, ownership and value was underway and, as usual, the man at its centre was nowhere to be seen.
  • (11) If you’re releasing data and people are reusing it, under what purpose and authorship are they doing so?” There needs, Hill says, to be a “reframed social contract”.
  • (12) Type A lapses--such as the presence of errors or inconsistencies, failure to obtain relevant data, and honorary authorship--may simply reflect carelessness.
  • (13) There was heavy, but not total reliance on nursing authorship and journals in the courses surveyed.
  • (14) The proposals aim to stamp out the shady business of "guest authorship", where research papers written by pharmaceutical companies or industry-sponsored medical writers are passed off as the work of influential, independent academics.
  • (15) The ideal advanced directive should clearly state the author's intentions; contain clear documentation regarding authorship; be flexible, allowing family and caregivers to respond appropriately to changing circumstances; be available when needed; and be supported by legal powers that grant patients the right of enforcement and grant health care providers protection from liability.
  • (16) The Colloquium on Scientific Authorship was held at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at a time of extraordinary scrutiny by the public of the ethics of scientists, as represented by intense interest of the press and the Congress of the United States.
  • (17) The true authorship of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, a gold-panning story famously filmed by John Huston, had long been lost in a maze of false names and identities.
  • (18) Large-scale multi-institutional clinical trials provide less opportunity for authorship than individual or small-group research.
  • (19) "This report will fuel the Tory obsession with Europe, and expose their true aim, which is to abolish all of the rights enshrined in the Human Rights Act and replace them with a new set, with fewer rights …The Tories will be using the findings for their next manifesto – and at a cost of millions of pounds, that must be the most expensive piece of manifesto authorship in history, all courtesy of the taxpayer."
  • (20) The analysis of the data provided by the respondents (N = 127; 97.6%) revealed the following: 1) the respondents' primary scholarly activity was authorship of referred journal articles; 2) a majority of the respondents presented a paper at a professional meeting during the past three years; 3) only a small percentage of the respondents had directed extramurally funded projects; 4) the majority of the respondents indicated that their own academic preparation was the primary factor that encouraged their scholarly pursuits and that heavy teaching and administrative responsibilities were the primary discouraging factors; and 5) the respondents indicated that faculty scholarly activities are, and will continue to be, important considerations in academic promotion decisions.

Composition


Definition:

  • (n.) The act or art of composing, or forming a whole or integral, by placing together and uniting different things, parts, or ingredients.
  • (n.) The invention or combination of the parts of any literary work or discourse, or of a work of art; as, the composition of a poem or a piece of music.
  • (n.) The art or practice of so combining the different parts of a work of art as to produce a harmonious whole; also, a work of art considered as such. See 4, below.
  • (n.) The act of writing for practice in a language, as English, Latin, German, etc.
  • (n.) The setting up of type and arranging it for printing.
  • (n.) The state of being put together or composed; conjunction; combination; adjustment.
  • (n.) A mass or body formed by combining two or more substances; as, a chemical composition.
  • (n.) A literary, musical, or artistic production, especially one showing study and care in arrangement; -- often used of an elementary essay or translation done as an educational exercise.
  • (n.) Consistency; accord; congruity.
  • (n.) Mutual agreement to terms or conditions for the settlement of a difference or controversy; also, the terms or conditions of settlement; agreement.
  • (n.) The adjustment of a debt, or avoidance of an obligation, by some form of compensation agreed on between the parties; also, the sum or amount of compensation agreed upon in the adjustment.
  • (n.) Synthesis as opposed to analysis.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The resulting dose distribution is displayed using traditional 2-dimensional displays or as an isodose surface composited with underlying anatomy and the target volume.
  • (2) The urine compositions of the European mole Talpa europaea and of the white rat Rattus norvegicus (albino) kept on a carnivore's diet were compared.
  • (3) To determine the influence of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) adsorption on the wettability and elemental surface composition of human enamel, with and without adsorbed salivary constituents, surface-free energies and elemental compositions were determined.
  • (4) Abruptly changing cows from one feeding system to another did not influence milk yield, milk composition, or body weight gain.
  • (5) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
  • (6) Protein composition was determined in mesenteric lymph chylomicrons from fat-fed rats.
  • (7) In vitro transcription products were analyzed for their 5' end sequences and their oligonucleotide compositions.
  • (8) The antigenic composition of an extract of rat dust, as a source of aeroallergens for rat-sensitive individuals, has been investigated and compared to the antigenic composition of rat saliva and urine.
  • (9) With better understanding of metabolic and compositional requirements, great advances have been made in the area of total parenteral nutrition.
  • (10) The usefulness of the proposed method is obvious in cases where the composition of a precipitate on LM scale is to be compared with the LM appearance of the surrounding tissue.
  • (11) This study examined the association between diet composition, particularly dietary fat intake, and body-fat percentage in 205 adult females.
  • (12) The specific rates of degradation of L-arginine-AMC, gly-proline-AMC, N-alpha-benzoyl-L-arginine-AMC and N-[p-toluene-sulphonyl]gly-pro-arginine-AMC were significantly greater in that group, indicating that the composition of their gingival crevicular fluid was different from that of the gingivitis group.
  • (13) Variations in light chain composition, particularly fast and slow myosin light chain 1, appeared to occur independently of the variations in heavy chain composition, suggesting that some myosin molecules consist of mixtures of slow- and fast-type subunits.
  • (14) Changes in the plasma lipid composition are observed in patients and animals with malignancy and certain other diseases that are consistent with peroxidation of plasma lipoprotein lipids.
  • (15) These two crystallins were compared with respect to their native molecular masses, subunit structures, peptide mapping and amino acid compositions in order to establish the identity of each crystallin.
  • (16) Essential characteristics of the composite bone cement included a homogeneous and uniform fiber distribution, and a minimal increase in apparent viscosity of the polymerizing cement.
  • (17) Histochemical and immunocytochemical staining of the outgrowths with reagents that depict epithelial, myoepithelial, and lactating alveolar cells (peanut lectin alone, monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to rat caseins) indicate similar cell compositions and arrangements for all outgrowths irrespective of their source; these are also similar to the mammary glands of the perphenazine-stimulated or lactating hosts.
  • (18) The PC modification was affected by the fatty acid composition of the exogenous PC species.
  • (19) Intrinsic bending of the 527-bp fragment (bend center approximately at bp 240) was represented as a composite of at least two components located near bp 170 and near bp 260.
  • (20) It is inferred that in this experimental model (1) high-density lipoproteins are probably excreted in the glomerular filtrate, (2) alterations in the composition of the excreted lipoproteins may occur during their passage through the nephron.