(n. pl.) Birds which are able to run about and obtain their own food as soon as hatched.
Example Sentences:
(1) The bone marrow reticulum cell shows evidence suggestive of autophagy, a process which may allow for the transfer of cell sap ferritin into lysosomes, as documented for other types of iron storing cells.
(2) Calculations showed that the autophagy-linked process had degradation rate constants of 0.084 and 0.102 day-1 respectively in HE(39)L and AG2804 cells.
(3) However, at early times following the induction of autophagy (less than 2 h), many autophagic vacuoles stained positively for the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin D. Consistent with these results, treatment of cells with tunicamycin had no effect on autophagy-induced proteolysis.
(4) The light response of both disk-shedding and autophagy were inhibited by the drugs in the subjective night and stimulated in the subjective day.
(5) Most of the cell's zymogen content is refilled during the first hours of the light period, when cellular autophagy reaches maximal values.
(6) The relationship between autophagy and the intracellular distribution of endocytosed asialoorosomucoid was studied in cultured rat hepatocytes.
(7) This evidence strongly suggests that the giant pigment granules are formed by complete degradation of melanosomes in the large compound melanosomes which can arise within melanocytes by autophagy.
(8) The diminished relative volume of the mitochondria and the increased signs of autophagy in some poorly preserved absorptive cells, are assumed to be an adaption to less favourable culture conditions.
(9) Since proteases sensitive to these agents are present in both the sarcoplasm and lysosomes, known lysosomotropic agents, methylamine and chloroquine, as well as 3-methyladenine, a specific autophagy inhibitor, were used in combination with A23187.
(10) The result of the investigation suggests that melanosome complexes found in nevus cells might become macromelanosomes through autophagy.
(11) The conclusion is that the drug enhances autophagy in Tetrahymena in a pH-, dose-, and time-dependent manner.
(12) After a 24-h period of growth, the monomer peak disappeared, while a new ferritin peak coincident with lysosomes emerged again, indicative of lysosomal autophagy of ferritin.
(13) 2) Fibroblasts in the area II and III showed various appearances; autophagy, heterophagy of collagen fibrils, fusion with other fibroblasts and cell degeneration.
(14) The cytopathology in canine and human GSD II appears to evolve from segregation of glycogen during regular cellular autophagy, phagolysosomal accumulation of the undigested glycogen, and eventually rupture of distended glycogenosomes.
(15) Residual bodies indicative of autophagy were observed in the cytons and distal cytoplasm from 1 h onwards.
(16) Further, ultrastructural changes in JG cells were indicative of stimulated renin synthesis by a regulated pathway, renin secretion by exocytosis and cytoplasmic solubilization of granules, and autophagy of granules as a mechanism whereby JG cells regulate levels of stored renin under conditions of excessive stimulation.
(17) Autophagy is a major pathway of lysosomal degradation of cellular macromolecules.
(18) The data suggest that the breakdown of cytoplasmic components by cellular autophagy is important for the development of skeletal muscle atrophy as observed following long-term ACTH treatment or in Cushing's syndrome.
(19) In our experimental model, the activation of neuronal autophagy may be related to an alteration in neuronal protein metabolism.
(20) The data suggest that autophagy is important for the toxin-induced cell lysis.
Food
Definition:
(n.) What is fed upon; that which goes to support life by being received within, and assimilated by, the organism of an animal or a plant; nutriment; aliment; especially, what is eaten by animals for nourishment.
(n.) Anything that instructs the intellect, excites the feelings, or molds habits of character; that which nourishes.
(v. t.) To supply with food.
Example Sentences:
(1) An automated continuous flow sample cleanup system intended for rapid screening of foods for pesticide residues in fresh and processed vegetables has been developed.
(2) After 55 days of unrestricted food availability the body weight of the neonatally deprived rats was approximately 15% lower than that of the controls.
(3) First, it has diverted grain away from food for fuel, with over a third of US corn now used to produce ethanol and about half of vegetable oils in the EU going towards the production of biodiesel.
(4) Issues such as healthcare and the NHS, food banks, energy and the general cost of living were conspicuous by their absence.
(5) In the clinical trials in which there was complete substitution of fat-modified ruminant foods for conventional ruminant products the fall in serum cholesterol was approximately 10%.
(6) Pint from £2.90 The Duke Of York With its smart greige interior, flagstone floor and extensive food menu (not tried), this newcomer feels like a gastropub.
(7) Size of household was the most important predictor of both the total level of household food expenditures and the per person level.
(8) It is not that the concept of food miles is wrong; it is just too simplistic, say experts.
(9) This suggests that hypothalamic NPY might be involved in food choice and that PVNp is important in the regulation of feeding behaviour by NPY.
(10) They urged the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs to make air quality a higher priority and release the latest figures on premature deaths.
(11) A relative net reduction of 47% in lactose malabsorption was produced by adding food, and the peak-rise in breath H2 was delayed by 2 hours.
(12) A sensitive, specific procedure was developed for detecting Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food in less than 20 h. The procedure involves enrichment of 25 g of food in 225 ml of a selective enrichment medium for 16 to 18 h at 37 degrees C with agitation (150 rpm).
(13) It was concluded that B. pertussis infection-induced hypoglycaemia was secondary to hyperinsulinaemia, possibly caused by an exaggerated insulin secretory response to food intake.
(14) ); and 3) those that multiply and produce large numbers of vegetative cells in the food, then release an active enterotoxin when they sporulate in the gut.
(15) (2) The treated animals ingested less liquid and solid food than controls.
(16) Resistance to antibiotics have been detected in food poisoning bacteria, namely Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens.
(17) Learning ability was assessed using a radial arm maze task, in which the rats had to visit each of eight arms for a food reward.
(18) The UNTR rats were subjected to a continuous food restriction to maintain body weights equal to those of the TR rats.
(19) Male Sprague Dawley rats either trained (T, N = 9) for 11 wk on a rodent treadmill, remained sedentary, and were fed ad libitum (S, N = 8) or remained sedentary and were food restricted (pair fed, PF, N = 8) so that final body weights were similar to T. After training, T had significantly higher red gastrocnemius muscle citrate synthase activity compared with S and PF.
(20) The alpha 2 agonist, clonidine, produced a larger dose-related increase in food intake in lean rats than in the fatty rats.