(1) Similar experimental manipulation has yielded in vitro lines established from avian B-cell lymphomas expressing elevated levels of c-myc or v-rel.
(2) We have constructed retroviral vectors derived from the genome of avian erythroblastosis virus ES4 (AEV ES4).
(3) It is the smallest avian tumor virus RNA detected to date.
(4) Globin cDNA was used as the template for the synthesis of a complementary strand (ccDNA) by avian myeloblastosis virus DNA polymerase.
(5) The v-erb A oncogene of avian erythroblastosis virus is a mutated and virally transduced copy of a host cell gene encoding a thyroid hormone receptor.
(6) The results indicate that, regardless of the photoperiod, no clear functional relationship can be found between the avian pineal gland and thyroid function, although a transitory increase in T4 levels was seen in both pinealectomized and sham-operated birds shortly after the operations.
(7) An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for detecting antibody to type A avian influenza (AI) virus.
(8) The identification of the viral oncogene v-erbA carried by an avian leukemia retrovirus has directly demonstrated the involvement of hormone receptors in neoplastic transformation.
(9) Thirty (90.9%) strains were lysed by avian phages: 28 strains at 1 x RTD and 2 at 100 x RTD.
(10) Results of tests on 4 mammalian, 19 reptilian, and 17 avian species confirmed the prediction that lack of optomotor response to monocular optokinetic stimulation in one of the two horizontal directions would correlate with afoveate retinal organization, whereas consistent optomotor responses to monocular stimulation in either horizontal direction would correlate with foveate organization.
(11) It is suggested that lung ventilation takes place in the avian embryo in three distinct stages: the major air-ways become aerated, then respiratory movements begin and lastly the tertiary bronchi are slowly aerated.
(12) This was achieved by means of postal questionnaires, coupled with the biochemical and serological examination of bacterial isolates from 91 outbreaks in poultry and from nine cases in other avian species.
(13) Representative specimens from two classes of Vertebrata Sub-Phyllum, Bufo paracnemis (amphibian) and Gallus domesticus (avian) were made anemic by phenylhydrazine treatment.
(14) Controlled contact studies demonstrated that tumorigenesis in a line of isolator-derived, barrier-sustained, specific pathogen-free chickens requires exposure to both the Marek's disease herpesvirus and an avian leukosis virus, Rous-associated virus, type 2.
(15) We have constructed avian retroviruses expressing the human c-myc oncogene.
(16) We have identified unconjugated ubiquitin as a component of avian leukosis virus (ALV).
(17) Molecular hybridization experiments to cytoplasmic RNA from similarly contact-exposed conventional Cornell S-line chickens provided further evidence for the occurrence of an interaction between Marek's disease herpesvirus and the avian leukosis virus.
(18) In vivo-derived avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV)-transformed erythroleukemia cells expressed type 2A molecules.
(19) The enzyme activity was completely neutralized by anti-REV DNA polymerase antibody but not by anti-avian myeloblastosis virus DNA polymerase antibody.
(20) The avian blood fluke, Austrobilharzia terrigalensis (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae), is recorded in Western Australia for the first time, and is implicated as the cause of dermatitis among users of the Swan estuary in Perth.
Bird
Definition:
(n.) Orig., a chicken; the young of a fowl; a young eaglet; a nestling; and hence, a feathered flying animal (see 2).
(n.) A warm-blooded, feathered vertebrate provided with wings. See Aves.
(n.) Specifically, among sportsmen, a game bird.
(n.) Fig.: A girl; a maiden.
(v. i.) To catch or shoot birds.
(v. i.) Hence: To seek for game or plunder; to thieve.
Example Sentences:
(1) The birds were maintained at a constant temperature in, dim green light.
(2) Unlike most birds of prey, which are territorial and fight each other over nesting and hunting grounds, the hen harrier nests close to other harriers.
(3) No vaccination reactions were noted, although most birds involved in the trials were carrying Mycoplasma spp.
(4) Precipitating antibodies were found in both lines; they first appeared 7 days after inoculation in P-line birds and 14 days after inoculation in N-line birds, but thereafter there was no difference between the two genetic lines.
(5) The results indicate that, regardless of the photoperiod, no clear functional relationship can be found between the avian pineal gland and thyroid function, although a transitory increase in T4 levels was seen in both pinealectomized and sham-operated birds shortly after the operations.
(6) Differences between parental and nonparental birds in VIP profiles were detected in the ventral portion of the infundibular region.
(7) The enterococcal population of the 'dosed' birds contained a greater proportion of Enterococcus faecium than did that of the control birds while the converse was true for Ent.
(8) Somewhat surprisingly then, in view of the mechanisms in mammals, birds do not seem to use this seasonal message in the photoperiodic control of reproduction.
(9) After 32 days of feeding, body weight, liver weight and egg production decreased in birds fed lead while kidney weights increased.
(10) Phyla as diverse as insects, birds, and mammals possess distinct HRAS and KRAS sequences, suggesting that these genes are essential to metazoa.
(11) Changes in brain size are compared with observations found in other domesticated birds.
(12) The presence in lamprey kidney of a loop which is similar to Henle's loop in mammals and birds indicates that the development of the system of osmotic concentration conditioned by the formation in the kidney of the medulla and from a sharp increase in renal arterial blood supply.
(13) We simply do whatever nature needs and will work with anyone that wants to help wildlife.” His views might come as a surprise to some of the RSPB’s 1.1 million members, who would have been persuaded by its original pledge “to discourage the wanton destruction of birds”; they would equally have been a surprise to the RSPB’s detractors in the shooting world.
(14) Water restriction of HYD birds for 5 days as adults stimulated tubule hypertrophy but not to the same extent as the chronic regimen and with no evidence for hyperplasia.
(15) Thus, the possibility exists that androgen secretion in some chelonian systems may exhibit a high degree of LH specificity like that of mammals and birds.
(16) 1 After the injection of labelled procaine and lidocaine in mice, the location and concentration of radioactivity was demonstrated by autoradiographical methods.2 An accumulation in some endocrine cells such as the pancreatic islets, the hypophysis, the adrenal medulla and certain cells of the thyroid (probably representing the calcitonin-producing parafollicular cells) was shown.3 After the injection of [(14)C]-procaine in chicks, an accumulation of radioactivity was observed in the ultimobranchial gland (which produces calcitonin in birds), but not in the thyroid.4 Radioactivity was also shown to be strongly concentrated in structures containing melanin, such as the pigment of the eye, skin and hair and in some organs involved in the metabolism and excretion of these drugs.
(17) Respiration frequency increased during exposure to 35 (four birds) and 40 degrees C (six birds) in the normally hydrated quail, while in the dehydrated quail, respiration frequency increased only in three birds during exposure to 35 degrees C, and four birds during exposure to 40 degrees C, the frequencies were lower during dehydration.
(18) A man in New Zealand suggested that they need to rid the country of cats to protect their native birds.
(19) Birds showed evidence of increased tolerance, with age, to phenylpropanolamine but not to monensin.
(20) Again, changes in birds fed CTN + OA for 7 days were similar but milder.