(a.) A self-evident and necessary truth, or a proposition whose truth is so evident as first sight that no reasoning or demonstration can make it plainer; a proposition which it is necessary to take for granted; as, "The whole is greater than a part;" "A thing can not, at the same time, be and not be."
(a.) An established principle in some art or science, which, though not a necessary truth, is universally received; as, the axioms of political economy.
Example Sentences:
(1) Pair comparisons enable a (partial) test of the axioms of additive conjoint measurement.
(2) The clinician has to deal with scientific and ethical issues and keep in mind the axiom 'Primum no nocere--Above all, do no harm.'
(3) Proponents of two axioms of biological evolutionary theory have attempted to find justification by reference to nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
(4) Fundamental animal studies by pioneers, such as Chang, Thibault and Edwards, taught us nature's axioms for gametogenesis, fertilization, development and differentiation.
(5) Emerson approvingly quoted Swedenborg's, "The visible world and the relation of its parts, is the dial plate of the invisible", and asserted, "The axioms of physics translate the laws of ethics."
(6) One of the essential axioms of modern politics has always been that voters dislike divided parties and will punish them at the polls.
(7) Stereology is the application of mathematical axioms and allows one to quantitate three-dimensional structures from the measurement of two-dimensional cross sections thereof.
(8) Synthesis of information in the brain is determined by the same principles, but extremums of the thermo-dynamic potential (their analogues in logic) are based on an arbitrary system of axioms.
(9) The axioms of treatment are to remove all pressure, debride necrotic tissue, keep the ulcer clean, and prevent further injury.
(10) USCI, DLP, or Axiom cannulas can be inserted femorally.
(11) Flash fire victims are exceptions to the axiom that elevation of blood carboxyhemoglobin is a sine qua non for concluding that a decedent recovered from the scene of a conflagration was alive in the fire.
(12) Examples are the systematic studies by Denis Burkitt, who through perseverance unraveled the lymphoma that now bears his name, and the thought-provoking description of the immunoproliferative small intestinal disease carried out by the Cape Town group, with both illustrating the axiom that "the study of man is man."
(13) It is thus denied axiomatic status, and the effects of natural selection are subsumed as an additional level of constraint in an evolutionary theory derived from the Axiom of Historically Determined Inherent Directionality.
(14) The first, the Axiom of Improbability, is shown to be nonhistorical and thus, for a theory of change through time, acausal.
(15) Nursing research, as every other research studying human beings, must be guided, attuned and illuminated by ethical principles and axioms.
(16) In this review, a few well-established axioms have been challenged while others were viewed from a new perspective.
(17) An axiom of Thomas Hobbes states that "people are never more helpless than when the force meant to protect their rights turns against them."
(18) The basis for the development for a dynamic compression implant (DCI) is the axiome of the mechanically induced bone reaction.
(19) This article reexamines the Sidman stimulus equivalence analogy in the context of a broader consideration of the mathematical axiom than was included in the original presentation of the analogy and some of the data that have accumulated in the interim.
(20) This is in contradistinction to earlier work on decision making for patients with laryngeal cancer, and most of the work in medical decision making in general, in which underlying axioms have almost never been tested.
Hypothesis
Definition:
(n.) A supposition; a proposition or principle which is supposed or taken for granted, in order to draw a conclusion or inference for proof of the point in question; something not proved, but assumed for the purpose of argument, or to account for a fact or an occurrence; as, the hypothesis that head winds detain an overdue steamer.
(n.) A tentative theory or supposition provisionally adopted to explain certain facts, and to guide in the investigation of others; hence, frequently called a working hypothesis.
Example Sentences:
(1) The hypothesis that proteins are critical targets in free radical mediated cytolysis was tested using U937 mononuclear phagocytes as targets and iron together with hydrogen peroxide to generate radicals.
(2) The generally accepted hypothesis is a coronary spasm but a direct cardiotoxicity of 5-FU cannot be.
(3) The results of our microscopic model confirm that the continuum hypothesis used in our previous macroscopic model is reasonable.
(4) The authors empirically studied the self-medication hypothesis of drug abuse by examining drug effects and motivation for drug use in 494 hospitalized drug abusers.
(5) Evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that fresh bat guano serves as a means of pathogenic fungi dissemination in caves.
(6) The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the decreased Epi response following ET was due to 1) depletion of adrenal Epi content such that adrenomedullary stimulation would not release Epi, 2) decreased Epi release with direct stimulation, i.e., desensitization of release, or 3) decreased afferent signals generated by ET itself.
(7) Implications of the theory for hypothesis testing, theory construction, and scales of measurement are considered.
(8) The 14-fold increase in prolonged apnea frequency immediately following regurgitation supports the hypothesis for a causal relationship between apnea and regurgitation.
(9) The hypothesis that experimentally determined survival times of Treponema pallidum in stored donor blood could be related to the number of treponemes initially present in the treponeme-blood mixtures was investigated by inoculating rabbits with three graded doses of treponemes suspended in donor blood and stored at 4 degrees C for various periods of time.
(10) Following the hypothesis that infertile patients may present emotional conflicts with regard to the wish of having a child, psychodynamic interviews were carried out with 116 infertile couples concomitantly with their first consultation at the Sterility Department.
(11) Results were inconsistent with both the feature detector fatigue and response bias hypothesis.
(12) This hypothesis is supported by our recent report that immunoreactive human PRL (ir-hPRL) is produced by and required for the continuous growth of sfRamos, a Burkitt tumor serum-free cell line.
(13) This hypothesis is difficult to substantiate with direct measurements using human subjects.
(14) We tested the hypothesis that furosemide interferes with energy generation in the cochlea, and determined its effect on CO2 formation from glucose and glyceroaldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity by examining biochemical and histochemical changes in the cochlea, the kidney, and the liver.
(15) Our data support the hypothesis that evoked and epileptiform magnetic fields result from intradendritic currents oriented perpendicular to the cortical surface.
(16) This observation seriously challenges the hypothesis that SCE cancellation results as a consequence of persistence of the lesions induced by these agents.
(17) The hypothesis that the standard acoustic startle habituation paradigm contains the elements of Pavlovian fear conditioning was tested.
(18) In this study we tested the hypothesis that regardless of concentration pattern and exposure rate the same exposure dose of O3 will induce the same spirometric response.
(19) We put forward the hypothesis that the agglutinability in acriflavine, together with the PAGE profile type II, may be associated with particular structures responsible for virulence.
(20) After an introductory note on primary preventive intervention of breast cancer during adulthood, the author defends and extends a hypothesis that relates most of the known risk factors for this disease to the development of preneoplastic lesions in the breast.