What's the difference between axiom and idiom?

Axiom


Definition:

  • (a.) A self-evident and necessary truth, or a proposition whose truth is so evident as first sight that no reasoning or demonstration can make it plainer; a proposition which it is necessary to take for granted; as, "The whole is greater than a part;" "A thing can not, at the same time, be and not be."
  • (a.) An established principle in some art or science, which, though not a necessary truth, is universally received; as, the axioms of political economy.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Pair comparisons enable a (partial) test of the axioms of additive conjoint measurement.
  • (2) The clinician has to deal with scientific and ethical issues and keep in mind the axiom 'Primum no nocere--Above all, do no harm.'
  • (3) Proponents of two axioms of biological evolutionary theory have attempted to find justification by reference to nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
  • (4) Fundamental animal studies by pioneers, such as Chang, Thibault and Edwards, taught us nature's axioms for gametogenesis, fertilization, development and differentiation.
  • (5) Emerson approvingly quoted Swedenborg's, "The visible world and the relation of its parts, is the dial plate of the invisible", and asserted, "The axioms of physics translate the laws of ethics."
  • (6) One of the essential axioms of modern politics has always been that voters dislike divided parties and will punish them at the polls.
  • (7) Stereology is the application of mathematical axioms and allows one to quantitate three-dimensional structures from the measurement of two-dimensional cross sections thereof.
  • (8) Synthesis of information in the brain is determined by the same principles, but extremums of the thermo-dynamic potential (their analogues in logic) are based on an arbitrary system of axioms.
  • (9) The axioms of treatment are to remove all pressure, debride necrotic tissue, keep the ulcer clean, and prevent further injury.
  • (10) USCI, DLP, or Axiom cannulas can be inserted femorally.
  • (11) Flash fire victims are exceptions to the axiom that elevation of blood carboxyhemoglobin is a sine qua non for concluding that a decedent recovered from the scene of a conflagration was alive in the fire.
  • (12) Examples are the systematic studies by Denis Burkitt, who through perseverance unraveled the lymphoma that now bears his name, and the thought-provoking description of the immunoproliferative small intestinal disease carried out by the Cape Town group, with both illustrating the axiom that "the study of man is man."
  • (13) It is thus denied axiomatic status, and the effects of natural selection are subsumed as an additional level of constraint in an evolutionary theory derived from the Axiom of Historically Determined Inherent Directionality.
  • (14) The first, the Axiom of Improbability, is shown to be nonhistorical and thus, for a theory of change through time, acausal.
  • (15) Nursing research, as every other research studying human beings, must be guided, attuned and illuminated by ethical principles and axioms.
  • (16) In this review, a few well-established axioms have been challenged while others were viewed from a new perspective.
  • (17) An axiom of Thomas Hobbes states that "people are never more helpless than when the force meant to protect their rights turns against them."
  • (18) The basis for the development for a dynamic compression implant (DCI) is the axiome of the mechanically induced bone reaction.
  • (19) This article reexamines the Sidman stimulus equivalence analogy in the context of a broader consideration of the mathematical axiom than was included in the original presentation of the analogy and some of the data that have accumulated in the interim.
  • (20) This is in contradistinction to earlier work on decision making for patients with laryngeal cancer, and most of the work in medical decision making in general, in which underlying axioms have almost never been tested.

Idiom


Definition:

  • (n.) The syntactical or structural form peculiar to any language; the genius or cast of a language.
  • (n.) An expression conforming or appropriate to the peculiar structural form of a language; in extend use, an expression sanctioned by usage, having a sense peculiar to itself and not agreeing with the logical sense of its structural form; also, the phrase forms peculiar to a particular author.
  • (n.) Dialect; a variant form of a language.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Case studies of two anorectic women from Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota, show that for some anorectics self-starvation is encoded in religious idioms and symbols about the body, food, and self.
  • (2) Ali Motahari, an influential MP, said after Trump’s win that his presidency was to Iran’s advantage because Democrats “would chop your head with cotton”, a Persian idiom which means killing someone with kindness, and reflecting a view that the Islamic Republic has historically coped better with the Republicans.
  • (3) This study compared the comprehension of 20 idioms of normal children with children exhibiting mild mental retardation.
  • (4) Our hypothesis is that they can reach an idiomatic competence if idioms are presented within a rich informational environment allowing children to grasp their figurative sense.
  • (5) A contemporary idiom blurs not only Flaubert's precision but the shocking and revolutionary nature of the work, which makes more sense when set back in its own time and context.
  • (6) Six experiments examined why some idioms can be syntactically changed and still retain their figurative meanings (e.g., John laid down the law can be passivized as The law was laid down by John), while other idioms cannot be syntactically altered without losing their figurative meanings (e.g., John kicked the bucket cannot be passivized into The bucket was kicked by John).
  • (7) An attempt is made to show how personal concerns of the dreamers are mediated through the culturally shared idiom of the saint.
  • (8) "A dialogue of the deaf", as it has been translated into an English idiom, is a conversation between two people who cannot listen to each other.
  • (9) But they were not tired-and-emotional, and for such mannerly foreigners to have been given a practical definition of that local idiom would have been gilding the lily.
  • (10) In Experiment 1, idioms referring to the same temporal stage of a conceptual prototype were judged to be more similar in meaning than idioms referring to different temporal stages.
  • (11) These results suggest that adults with unilateral brain damage can activate and retrieve familiar idiomatic forms, and that their idiom-interpretation deficits most likely reflect impairment at some later stage of information processing.
  • (12) Experiment 3 was designed to investigate children's production of idioms as compared to the comprehension abilities explored in experiments 1 and 2.
  • (13) Our thesis was that the syntactic behavior of idioms is determined, to a large extent, but speakers' assumptions about the way in which parts of idioms contribute to their figurative interpretations as a whole.
  • (14) By establishing a broad understanding of the problem of knowledge, this new view of epistemology is developed within the idiom of each psychiatric approach.
  • (15) When there is a gap between one's real and one's declared aims, one turns as it were instinctively to long words and exhausted idioms, like a cuttlefish squirting out ink.'
  • (16) Although this idiom is necessarily expressed through language, it is more than language.
  • (17) Hickman parries this by pointing to such non-rock Record Store Day releases as a 7-inch single by One Direction and three albums of classical music conducted by Herbert von Karajan, but it seems to me that the point is almost incontrovertible: to use the vocabulary of the 1980s, much of the energy that goes into the event is unmistakably rockist, and the festivities often feel like a day-long benefit for an entire musical idiom: Live Aid meets the Antiques Roadshow, with the aim of keeping the guitars ringing out for another year.
  • (18) Dolezal does not discuss her own ethnicity in detail in her numerous writings on civil rights issues, but in several pieces she uses idioms such as “our cultural memory” when speaking about African American history.
  • (19) "You have a political and media elite who have an idiom by which they describe politics.
  • (20) Experiment 6 showed that the metaphoric information reflected in the lexical makeup of idioms also determined the metaphoric appropriateness of idioms in certain contexts.