What's the difference between axiom and lemma?

Axiom


Definition:

  • (a.) A self-evident and necessary truth, or a proposition whose truth is so evident as first sight that no reasoning or demonstration can make it plainer; a proposition which it is necessary to take for granted; as, "The whole is greater than a part;" "A thing can not, at the same time, be and not be."
  • (a.) An established principle in some art or science, which, though not a necessary truth, is universally received; as, the axioms of political economy.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Pair comparisons enable a (partial) test of the axioms of additive conjoint measurement.
  • (2) The clinician has to deal with scientific and ethical issues and keep in mind the axiom 'Primum no nocere--Above all, do no harm.'
  • (3) Proponents of two axioms of biological evolutionary theory have attempted to find justification by reference to nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
  • (4) Fundamental animal studies by pioneers, such as Chang, Thibault and Edwards, taught us nature's axioms for gametogenesis, fertilization, development and differentiation.
  • (5) Emerson approvingly quoted Swedenborg's, "The visible world and the relation of its parts, is the dial plate of the invisible", and asserted, "The axioms of physics translate the laws of ethics."
  • (6) One of the essential axioms of modern politics has always been that voters dislike divided parties and will punish them at the polls.
  • (7) Stereology is the application of mathematical axioms and allows one to quantitate three-dimensional structures from the measurement of two-dimensional cross sections thereof.
  • (8) Synthesis of information in the brain is determined by the same principles, but extremums of the thermo-dynamic potential (their analogues in logic) are based on an arbitrary system of axioms.
  • (9) The axioms of treatment are to remove all pressure, debride necrotic tissue, keep the ulcer clean, and prevent further injury.
  • (10) USCI, DLP, or Axiom cannulas can be inserted femorally.
  • (11) Flash fire victims are exceptions to the axiom that elevation of blood carboxyhemoglobin is a sine qua non for concluding that a decedent recovered from the scene of a conflagration was alive in the fire.
  • (12) Examples are the systematic studies by Denis Burkitt, who through perseverance unraveled the lymphoma that now bears his name, and the thought-provoking description of the immunoproliferative small intestinal disease carried out by the Cape Town group, with both illustrating the axiom that "the study of man is man."
  • (13) It is thus denied axiomatic status, and the effects of natural selection are subsumed as an additional level of constraint in an evolutionary theory derived from the Axiom of Historically Determined Inherent Directionality.
  • (14) The first, the Axiom of Improbability, is shown to be nonhistorical and thus, for a theory of change through time, acausal.
  • (15) Nursing research, as every other research studying human beings, must be guided, attuned and illuminated by ethical principles and axioms.
  • (16) In this review, a few well-established axioms have been challenged while others were viewed from a new perspective.
  • (17) An axiom of Thomas Hobbes states that "people are never more helpless than when the force meant to protect their rights turns against them."
  • (18) The basis for the development for a dynamic compression implant (DCI) is the axiome of the mechanically induced bone reaction.
  • (19) This article reexamines the Sidman stimulus equivalence analogy in the context of a broader consideration of the mathematical axiom than was included in the original presentation of the analogy and some of the data that have accumulated in the interim.
  • (20) This is in contradistinction to earlier work on decision making for patients with laryngeal cancer, and most of the work in medical decision making in general, in which underlying axioms have almost never been tested.

Lemma


Definition:

  • (n.) A preliminary or auxiliary proposition demonstrated or accepted for immediate use in the demonstration of some other proposition, as in mathematics or logic.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) These partitions shunt additional protein into the cell, where ferritin is transported within pinocytotic vesicles to the lateral and basal plasma-lemma and, presumably, back into the interspace again.
  • (2) Solome Lemma, co-founder of the grassroots response initiative Africa Responds, said she was disappointed Geldof hadn’t worked with African artists: “There’s a multitude of artists from the three most affected countries – Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea – and the rest of Africa he could have brought on to do a different song.
  • (3) The energetic consequences of acute and chronic adjustments of two primary-active transport processes, Na-K transport across plasma(sarco) lemma and Ca transport across the endo(sarco)plasmic-reticular membrane, are illustrated.
  • (4) Most of the tumour cells were elongate, and contained abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, well developed Golgi zones, and numerous small vesicles and filaments, the latter sometimes being related to masses of electron-dense material near the plasma-lemma.
  • (5) The first Band Aid did raise money, but it left Ethiopia and the rest of Africa with a very negative legacy, that survives to this day.” Lemma was born in Ethiopia and moved to the US when she was 12 in the early 1990s.
  • (6) This result suggests that the effects of BWSV on the nerve terminal may not be confined to increasing the permeability of the plasma-lemma.
  • (7) Unlike albumin-gold complexes that bind restrictively to plasmalemmal vesicles, gA-Au labels the plasma-lemma proper, plasmalemmal vesicles open on the lumen, and most coated pits.
  • (8) This paper presents a spreading-activation theory of conceptually driven lemma retrieval--the first stage of lexical access in speaking, where lexical items specified with respect to meaning and syntactic properties are activated and selected.
  • (9) While healthy elderly Ss (in the 70s group) utilized lemma repairs more often than the reformulation strategy, all other healthy Ss used both strategies about equally often.
  • (10) Solome Lemma is co-founder and executive director of Africans in the Diaspora (Aid) .
  • (11) A lemma with sufficient conditions for continuity and differentiation of the median regression function is proved.
  • (12) Their basal plasma lemma showed presence of caveolae and the luminal surface was studded with stereocilis.
  • (13) Hooked macrohairs on the lemma of the spikelet show that morphological modifications in grasses for dispersal by attachment to the surface of animals were present in the Late Eocene.
  • (14) The mental lexicon is conceived of as a network consisting of concept, lemma, and word-form nodes and labelled links, with each lexical concept represented as an independent node.
  • (15) Solome Lemma, co-founder of Africans in the Diaspora and the Africa Responds initiative on Ebola, a fundraising effort to support local organisations working on the issue , said it was commendable that Geldof was helping with the Ebola response, but questioned the initiative’s “patronising” style.
  • (16) These results demonstrate that polymers prevent exocytosis by preventing dispersal of the granule contents once fusion of the secretory granule with the plasma-lemma has occurred.
  • (17) The emerging theoretical picture partitions the accessing process into two subprocesses, the selection of an appropriate lexical item (a "lemma") from the mental lexicon, and the phonological encoding of that item, that is, the computation of a phonetic program for the item in the context of utterance.
  • (18) Preliminary EM investigations revealed thick and thin filaments, associated with the ectoplasmic tube near the plasma-lemma, which appeared to be the basis for the contractility of the ectoplasmic tube.
  • (19) Two major bleb types have been discerned on ultrastructural appearance using as the criteria the preservation of integrity of the plasma-lemma and subplasmalemmal leptomeres.
  • (20) Processing models that use the activation metaphor may have difficulties accounting for certain phenomena where a certain lemma triggers not one, but two or more word forms that have to be produced with other word forms in between.