(1) A marked analgesic effect was found after application of morphine hydrochloride patch containing Azone and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
(2) During the early part of the experiments, when the sink condition was maintained, FAH was the most effective for hairless mouse skin, whereas Azone showed the highest effect in the rat skin.
(3) Azone doubled the amount of PFA in the skin, more than tripled the amount permeated across the skin, and increased the flux fourfold.
(4) The addition of Azone (3%) or lauric acid (BH: lauric acid molar ratio, 1:1) considerably increased BH penetration to a relatively large penetration rate.
(5) In order to develop the transdermal formulations of morphine hydrochloride with high skin permeation rate and prolonged action, several gels and patches containing potent penetration enhancer, laurocapram (Azone), were prepared.
(6) The results indicate that Azone may be capable of forming ion pairs with anionic drugs.
(7) The efficacy of 5 and 10% Azone applied topically was evaluated during the treatment of HSV-1 cutaneous infections in guinea pigs.
(8) The performance of Tween 80, Tween 60, oleic acid, oleyl alcohol and Azone as enhancers of clonazepam permeation from a Carbopol hydrogel through a cellulose nitrate membrane was investigated.
(9) At the same time, plasma concentrations were maintained at a high level for more than 7 h. The increase in bioavailability is presumed to be caused by an enhancement in absorption and prolongation of the time DA is retained in the nasal cavity due to Azone and HPC, respectively.
(10) Azone and NMP showed maximum efficacy at 0.1% and 12.0% concentration, respectively.
(11) 0.5 ml solutions of different pH (3, 4, 5, 6, 7.5) or of pH 7.5 in combination with sorption promoters (sodium taurocholate, dextran sulfate, linoleic acid, TranscutolR, LabrafilR M 1944 CS, urea and AzoneR) were administered for 0.5 h to anesthetized dogs.
(12) The tests were conducted with 2',3'-di-O-acetyl-ara-A (4) and 5'-O-valeryl-ara-A (3) topically applied with and without 15% 1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one (2) (Azone), a percutaneous penetration enhancer.
(13) From these results, it was predicted that the topical formulations of morphine hydrochloride containing Azone and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone might be useful for the relief of severe chronic pain in patients.
(14) First, the effect of Azone on the skin components was compared with that of other penetration enhancers.
(15) Two cleavage stage embryos, two blastocyts surrounded by zona pellucida, and two azonal ('hatched') blastocysts were recovered from uteri of rhesus monkeys and examined with the electron microscope.
(16) Both the in vitro permeation and the in vivo absorption of propranolol across the cheek pouch were enhanced by the incorporation of Azone to the film-dosage form.
(17) In addition, ethanol increased the amount of free sulfhydryl (SH) group of keratin in the stratum corneum, whereas Azone did not directly affect the stratum corneum protein.
(18) Azone increased percutaneous penetration of HpD in human skin in vitro.
(19) In order to clarify the mechanism of action of laurocapram (Azone) on the skin permeation of drugs, the following experiments were done.
(20) In contrast, the enhancing effect of Azone on the pretreated skin was similar to that of Azone on the in vitro non-treated skin.
Ozonic
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to, resembling, or containing, ozone.
Example Sentences:
(1) We studied the effect of a 2-hour exposure to 0.6 ppm of ozone on bronchial reactivity in 8 healthy, nonsmoking subjects by measuring the increase in airway resistance (Raw) produced by inhalation of histamine diphosphate aerosol (1.6 per cent, 10 breaths).
(2) Carbon monoxide accelerates the reaction as measured by nitric oxide oxidation or ozone formation.
(3) It is suggested that the atmosphere of Athens favours the formation of secondary direct-acting mutagens due to the oxidation and nitration of PAH by ozone and nitrogen oxides, which are more abundant in the late spring months.
(4) Therefore, more research of the effects of ozone on birds seems to be necessary, both from a mechanistic and an ecological point of view.
(5) Using this assay, we studied the effects of exposure to ozone (O3), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO) on NK activity in rat lung.
(6) The campaign’s focus was the damage to the ozone layer caused by fluorinated gases, such as HFCs.
(7) Particular attention was given to both the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of ciliated cells in the nasal respiratory epithelium in response to ozone exposure.
(8) Results indicate also that ozone sensitivity, radiosensitivity, and mucoidy are pleiotropic properties of the lon gene.
(9) Endothelial prostacyclin synthesis returned to baseline levels by 12H after ozone exposure, a time point which was similar to the recovery time of unexposed endothelium treated with 0.5 uM acetylsalicylic acid.
(10) After ozone-exposed mice had been returned to ambient air for 10 days, ciliary regeneration occurred and, the major airways had a surface appearance approaching the normal state.
(11) Pulmonary fibrosis is a consequence of severe injury from some toxic agents including high doses of ozone.
(12) In the first experiment, rats were fed fat-free diets and exposed to ozone for 0, 1, 2, and 4 weeks.
(13) A mathematical model of ozone absorption, or for any soluble gas that has similar transport properties, is developed for a branching network of liquid-lined cylinders.
(14) Serial exposures to peak levels of ozone on several consecutive days are more characteristic of pollution episodes in the Northeast United States and may be associated with recurrent symptoms.
(15) The enhancement of metastasis due to ozone exposure varied with length of exposure and concentration of ozone.
(16) The present data indicate that the incidence of skin cancer would increase by approximately 2% for each percent ozone reduction.
(17) And yet, trusting the science, and with international leadership, an agreement – the Montreal Protocol – was signed within two years of the discovery of a hole in the ozone layer in the southern polar region.
(18) Ozonized water placed in an open dish kept up antimicrobial activity for the first 20 minutes, but after 30 minutes this activity decreased substantially.
(19) However, single, 40-min exposures of RTE cells to approximately 10 ppm ozone did result in approximately 40% decreases in colony-forming efficiency.
(20) The present studies were undertaken to examine the effects of exposing asthmatics to ozone concentrations that occur in the environment.