(n.) One of the Old World Quadrumana, of the genera Cynocephalus and Papio; the dog-faced ape. Baboons have dog-like muzzles and large canine teeth, cheek pouches, a short tail, and naked callosities on the buttocks. They are mostly African. See Mandrill, and Chacma, and Drill an ape.
Example Sentences:
(1) A study was conducted to assess the suppression of segmental pancreatic allograft rejection by cyclosporine (CSA) alone in baboons and dogs, and subtotal marrow irradiation (TL1) alone and TL 1 in combination with CSA in baboons.
(2) The effect of aspirin on the development of hypercoagulability in the penile blood during erection was studied in five Chacma baboons.
(3) Acetaldehyde (1-20 mM) was metabolized at high rates and in a dose-dependent manner in isolated human and baboon kidney-cortex tubules.
(4) Placement of impervious knitted Dacron velour aortic grafts in baboons reproduced platelet consumption that progressively normalized over six weeks postoperatively.
(5) Current data, obtained from resection of the nasal septum in baboons, indicate that proper coordination of timing and surgical technique can cause arrest of growth in the upper part of the face.
(6) Species whose embryos have been successfully preserved include mouse, rat, rabbit, sheep, goat, cattle, horse, antelope, baboon, and human.
(7) We have previously shown that the change in transuteroplacental cortisol (F)-cortisone (E) metabolism in vivo from preferential reduction (E to F) at midgestation to oxidation by term (F to E) does not occur in baboons in which the production or action of estrogen have been blocked.
(8) In earlier studies, we have shown that porous (60 micron internodal distance) PTFE grafts develop a complete endothelial layer 2 weeks after being implanted in baboons.
(9) In 11 patients with hepatic coma (stage IV and V according to Abouna) extracorporeal haemoperfusion using the Scribner shunt (radial or profunda femoris artery) was performed over 12 to 27 hours with 22 baboon and one human livers.
(10) Three marmoset species (Saguinus oedipus oedipus, S. fuscicollis, Callithrix jacchus) failed to show evidence of infection or disease following inoculation of baboon endogenous type-C virus (BaEV).
(11) PP14 was detected in baboon follicular fluid, and only PP5 immunoreactivity was measured in culture media of baboon embryos.
(12) Phosphate metabolite profiles of corneas were determined for human, baboon, monkey, cat, guinea-pig, pig, dog, rabbit, and cow using 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
(13) We therefore compared the effects of a soluble dietary fiber concentrate, konjac-glucomannan (K-GM), and of propionate on plasma fibrinogen, serum and liver lipid, glucose tolerance, insulin response and liver glycogen in baboons.
(14) Model systems used as controls were human sarcoma cells, TE-32 and HT-1080, and human lymphoma cells TE-543, experimentally infected with KiMuLV, GaLV or baboon type-C virus, all of which released infectious virus and whose DNAs were infectious for TE-32 and D-17 dog cells.
(15) Less amount of parenchyma and growth of the stroma in baboons and a greater mitotic complex in rhesus monkeys show more pronounced involution processes in baboons.
(16) Using the same mixture of cercariae, a Gelada baboon (Theropithecus gelada) could be infected by both schistosomes, but a dog was completely refractory.
(17) Lung dissolution of industrial uranium tetrafluoride (UF4) was tested in rats and baboons by intratracheal instillation and inhalation, to check the W classification given to UF4 by the International Commission on Radiological Protection.
(18) In normal implanted cats, squirel monkeys and baboons, various types of localized rhythms can be identified in somatic area I and in the visual zone.
(19) Both rats and baboons show similar responses to acute lethal exposures to hyperoxia, although the time course is more prolonged in the baboon.
(20) Serum concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone (D) are greater and those of D sulfate (DS) are lower in female baboons than in women, suggesting interspecies differences in relative production and catabolism of these steroids.
Callosities
Definition:
(pl. ) of Callosity
Example Sentences:
(1) These were not observed in area 5, although here the distribution of callosal neurons waxed and waned in the tangential cortical plane.
(2) Optic chiasm transection drastically diminished this ability, callosal section had little effect and combined lesions of these two structures abolished stereoperception.
(3) One of the factors may be signal degradation or delay in callosal transmission which could reduce the strength of the motion signal along the horizontal axis.
(4) Callosities under at least one metatarsophalangeal joint were noted in fifty (69 per cent) of the feet that had a physical examination.
(5) Long term side effects were minor and were minimized by staging the callosal resection.
(6) This allowed us to better follow the electrographic abnormalities and plan the extent of the callosal section suited to each case, in particular rostral and genual section, section of the trunk only or subtotal section sparing the splenium.
(7) In newborn cats and rats, for example, callosal projection neurons are not restricted to the 17-18 border as in the adult, but are found throughout areas 17 and 18.
(8) The ferret callosal cell distribution has a greater tangential extent in area 18 than in area 17.
(9) Two new cases of callosal agenesis in children of normal intelligence are presented.
(10) Developmental plasticity of callosal connections has been demonstrated for striate cortex, but now it has also been demonstrated for the claustrum.
(11) It has been established that interhemispheric relations in the kitten associative cortex are mediated, not only by the callosal, but also by the extracallosal system, which was evidenced by the presence of late negative components preserved after callosotomy.
(12) The results are in agreement with data on visual callosal connections in animals and confirm previous psychophysical findings (Berardi & Fiorentini, 1987) indicating the particular properties of the interhemispheric cross-talk between symmetric regions of the visual field astride the vertical meridian in man.
(13) However, even in mice with extreme deficiencies of the corpus callosum, callosal fibers originate from and terminate in all major areas of the cortex, and, within these areas, callosal cells and terminations are distributed according to the normal plan.
(14) The mean callosal area did not differ significantly between patients and control subjects, between left-handed and right-handed subjects, or between men and women.
(15) In an effort to assess the innate capacity of the central visual system to specify corticocortical connectivity in the absence of retinal afferents, we examined the tangential distribution of callosal cells and terminations in posterior neocortex of congenitally anophthalmic rats.
(16) Callosal connections from the temporo-parieto-occipital junctional region course through the splenium and caudal portion of the body of the corpus callosum.
(17) Callosally projecting cells are found predominantly in layers II, III, and V and are sparse in layers IV and VI.
(18) The callosal neurons could be separated into two categories: "double callosal" neurons which project both axon collaterals to two cortical areas of the contralateral hemisphere, and "associational-callosal" neurons which send axon collaterals to both hemispheres.
(19) Results from HRP studies of callosal connections indicated that transplant efferents to the contralateral cortex are smaller in magnitude than their afferents.
(20) The nonsurgical subjects with developmental callosal agenesis and acquired pathologic processes involving the callosum revealed a varied, nonspecific reduction in cognitive function most probably related to associated extracallosal hemispheric pathology.