What's the difference between bacterium and pneumococcus?
Bacterium
Definition:
(n.) A microscopic vegetable organism, belonging to the class Algae, usually in the form of a jointed rodlike filament, and found in putrefying organic infusions. Bacteria are destitute of chlorophyll, and are the smallest of microscopic organisms. They are very widely diffused in nature, and multiply with marvelous rapidity, both by fission and by spores. Certain species are active agents in fermentation, while others appear to be the cause of certain infectious diseases. See Bacillus.
Example Sentences:
(1) After Listeria, a bacterium, is phagocytosed by a macrophage, it dissolves the phagosomal membrane and enters the cytoplasm.
(2) These results suggest that the bacterium may not play an important pathogenetic role in ulcer healing and relapse, when patients are managed using an H2-blocker.
(3) Three strains of fluorescent pseudomonads (IS-1, IS-2, and IS-3) isolated from potato underground stems with roots showed in vitro antibiosis against 30 strains of the ring rot bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.
(4) Microbiological analyses of sediments located near a point source for petrogenic chemicals resulted in the isolation of a pyrene-mineralizing bacterium.
(5) However, the amino acid sequence of the enzyme from the bacterium exhibited low identities (25-30%) with the same enzyme from eukaryotes.
(6) The cytoplasm and the periplasma of the gram-negative facultative photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides contain phospholipid transfer proteins; these seem to be involved in the biosynthesis of prokaryotic membranes.
(7) in all of the clinical groups studied suggests that this bacterium is not a good marker of periodontal disease and that it is necessary to define the most characteristic phenotypes and genotypes.
(8) Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to study the heme iron in various states of cytochrome P450cam from the camphor-hydroxylating system of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.
(9) We examined the predacious gram-negative bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorous 109J and free-living strains 109J-A1 and 109J-KA1 derived therefrom for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
(10) The enzyme hydrogenase, from the photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium, was purified to homogeneity after solubilization of the particulate enzyme with deoxycholate.
(11) The 3-ketoglycose-synthesizing system in the bacterium does not affect the relative participation of these two pathways.
(12) We have isolated a mutant of the luminous bacterium Beneckea harveyi, which requires exogenous adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) to synthesize luciferase and emit light.
(13) Of the major metabolic processes investigated in this bacterium, only de novo synthesis of the cell envelope was inhibited by lombazole well in advance of an effect on growth.
(14) Allo-deoxycholic acid was formed only in cell extracts prepared from bacteria induced by cholic acid, suggesting that their formation may be a branch of the cholic acid 7 alpha-dehydroxylation pathway in this bacterium.
(15) Crude extracts from aerobically grown bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae contain three different types of catalases, designated KpT, KpCP, and KpA, whose activities in crude extracts are in the ratio 4.1:1:0.3.
(16) Nitrendipine, verapamil, LaCl3 and omega-conotoxin were tested and these blockers inhibited chemotactic behaviour in the bacterium toward L-alanine.
(17) After several rounds, the scientists had pieced together all 1m letters of the bacterium's genome.
(18) An assay for the determination of NAD(P)+ and NAD(P)H in extracts from the obligate anaerobe bacterium Thermoanaerobacter finnii is developed and the strategy for this development is described.
(19) The bacterium produces unique, branched-chain fatty acids, catalase, oxidase (weakly), and gelatinase and uses starch while ignoring other carbohydrates.
(20) Previous studies have demonstrated that human salivary alpha-amylase specifically binds to the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii.
Pneumococcus
Definition:
(n.) A form of micrococcus found in the sputum (and elsewhere) of persons suffering with pneumonia, and thought to be the cause of this disease.
Example Sentences:
(1) The experience illustrates the danger of assuming that all pneumococcus peritonitis is the primary variety and the advisability of routine Gram stain of the peritoneal fluid at operation in order to select the appropriate antibiotic.
(2) Cefotaxime, cephalosporin of the third generation, keeps its effectiveness on the main germs as a whole (Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, haemophilus influenzae).
(3) From October 1973 to December 1977, 64 (0.71%) of 8995 pneumococcus isolates were resistant to erythromycin.
(4) The capsular material of these strains reacts with antisera both to homologous strains and to noncapsulated strains of pneumococcus and with human C-reactive protein.
(5) Prophylaxis with 23-polyvalent anti-pneumococcus vaccine would prevent severe processes in high risk populations.
(6) The kinetics of the anti-DNP antibody response to DNP-pneumococcus appearing in tears and bile (IgA) and serum (IgM and IgG) was examined in rats after the application of antigen either via the ocular-topical (OT) or gastrointestinal (GI) routes.
(7) The fluoroquinolones have less activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and limited anaerobic activity, which should limit the use of these drugs in empiric therapy of community-acquired pneumonia where the pneumococcus or anaerobes play a predominant role.
(8) Compared with saline-inoculated ears, significant increases in the mean concentrations of all four metabolites were observed in the pneumococcus-inoculated ears 24 hours after inoculation, but not after 6, 48, or 72 hours.
(9) Thymidine starvation induces a decrease in transforming activity of pneumococcus deoxyribonucleic acid.
(10) The phosphate groups in the type-specific substance S. 10A from Pneumococcus type 10A (34) were shown to join the hydroxyl group at position 1 or 5 of ribitol and the hydroxyl group at position 5 or 6 of a d-galactofuranosyl residue in the next repeating unit.
(11) The development of an appropriate technique for the identification of autolysin-defective mutants of pneumococcus has been a fundamental step to carry out studies on the molecular characteristics of the lytic enzymes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its bacteriophage.
(12) Transformation of the pneumococcus mutant 401 by DNA's bearing the standard reference marker and several other markers belonging to two unlinked loci has shown that differences in the integration efficiencies of these markers were considerably reduced in this strain compared to the wild-type strain Cl(3).
(13) Survival rate after an intraperitoneal challenge with pneumococcus in groups 1 wk following total splenectomy and partial dearterlization was not significantly different than controls.
(14) These H-like receptors, associated with pneumococcus type XIV cross-reactivity, belong to a glycoprotein fraction and not to the galactan itself.
(15) A sulfonamide-resistant mutant of pneumococcus, sulr-c, displays a genetic instability, regularly segregating to wild type.
(16) The commonest serotype of pneumococcus in adults was type 3 (39 episodes), and these strains were associated with a high mortality.
(17) The presence of antibiotic resistance in pneumococcus was high and global mortality was low.
(18) The structure of the Pneumococcus type-14 capsular polysaccharide has been reinvestigated by using methylation analysis, different specific degradations, and n.m.r.
(19) Splenectomy, the only therapeutic mean considered in these patients, has been followed, in our patient, by reimplantation of splenic tissue, in order to prevent the septic complicances (mainly due to pneumococcus) frequently occurring in splenectomized patients.
(20) A comparative estimation of the prognostic value of skin tests was made with tuberculin, coli-bacillus antigens, Candida, blue pus bacillus and more complete set of microbic allergens (hemolytic staphylococcus, white streptococcus, blue pus bacillus, coli-bacillus, group pneumococcus, Candida, Proteus Mirabilis).