(n.) A microscopic vegetable organism, belonging to the class Algae, usually in the form of a jointed rodlike filament, and found in putrefying organic infusions. Bacteria are destitute of chlorophyll, and are the smallest of microscopic organisms. They are very widely diffused in nature, and multiply with marvelous rapidity, both by fission and by spores. Certain species are active agents in fermentation, while others appear to be the cause of certain infectious diseases. See Bacillus.
Example Sentences:
(1) After Listeria, a bacterium, is phagocytosed by a macrophage, it dissolves the phagosomal membrane and enters the cytoplasm.
(2) These results suggest that the bacterium may not play an important pathogenetic role in ulcer healing and relapse, when patients are managed using an H2-blocker.
(3) Three strains of fluorescent pseudomonads (IS-1, IS-2, and IS-3) isolated from potato underground stems with roots showed in vitro antibiosis against 30 strains of the ring rot bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.
(4) Microbiological analyses of sediments located near a point source for petrogenic chemicals resulted in the isolation of a pyrene-mineralizing bacterium.
(5) However, the amino acid sequence of the enzyme from the bacterium exhibited low identities (25-30%) with the same enzyme from eukaryotes.
(6) The cytoplasm and the periplasma of the gram-negative facultative photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides contain phospholipid transfer proteins; these seem to be involved in the biosynthesis of prokaryotic membranes.
(7) in all of the clinical groups studied suggests that this bacterium is not a good marker of periodontal disease and that it is necessary to define the most characteristic phenotypes and genotypes.
(8) Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to study the heme iron in various states of cytochrome P450cam from the camphor-hydroxylating system of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.
(9) We examined the predacious gram-negative bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorous 109J and free-living strains 109J-A1 and 109J-KA1 derived therefrom for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
(10) The enzyme hydrogenase, from the photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium, was purified to homogeneity after solubilization of the particulate enzyme with deoxycholate.
(11) The 3-ketoglycose-synthesizing system in the bacterium does not affect the relative participation of these two pathways.
(12) We have isolated a mutant of the luminous bacterium Beneckea harveyi, which requires exogenous adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) to synthesize luciferase and emit light.
(13) Of the major metabolic processes investigated in this bacterium, only de novo synthesis of the cell envelope was inhibited by lombazole well in advance of an effect on growth.
(14) Allo-deoxycholic acid was formed only in cell extracts prepared from bacteria induced by cholic acid, suggesting that their formation may be a branch of the cholic acid 7 alpha-dehydroxylation pathway in this bacterium.
(15) Crude extracts from aerobically grown bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae contain three different types of catalases, designated KpT, KpCP, and KpA, whose activities in crude extracts are in the ratio 4.1:1:0.3.
(16) Nitrendipine, verapamil, LaCl3 and omega-conotoxin were tested and these blockers inhibited chemotactic behaviour in the bacterium toward L-alanine.
(17) After several rounds, the scientists had pieced together all 1m letters of the bacterium's genome.
(18) An assay for the determination of NAD(P)+ and NAD(P)H in extracts from the obligate anaerobe bacterium Thermoanaerobacter finnii is developed and the strategy for this development is described.
(19) The bacterium produces unique, branched-chain fatty acids, catalase, oxidase (weakly), and gelatinase and uses starch while ignoring other carbohydrates.
(20) Previous studies have demonstrated that human salivary alpha-amylase specifically binds to the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii.
Sporulation
Definition:
(n.) The act or process of forming spores; spore formation. See Illust. of Bacillus, b.
Example Sentences:
(1) During the 1st h after induction of the sporulation process, the rate of protein synthesis increased to two times the initial value.
(2) We report the isolation of an RNA polymerase from sporulating cells of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.
(3) ); and 3) those that multiply and produce large numbers of vegetative cells in the food, then release an active enterotoxin when they sporulate in the gut.
(4) One of these has high sporulation-inducing activity after illumination in vitro.
(5) The use of phase-contrast and interference-contrast optics permitted the characterization of the distinctive morphological changes occurring during sporulation of C. thermosaccharolyticum.
(6) The nature and properties of the 20S ribonucleic acid which accumulates only during the sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were examined.
(7) Tetrad dissection of sporulated diploids heterozygous for the wild-type and mutant allele resulted in a 2:2 segregation of mutant and wild-type phenotype indicating a single gene mutation.
(8) Bacillus megaterium, in which sporulation was blocked either by mutation or with netropsin, synthesizes during the stationary phase more exocellular proteinase than the sporulating culture.
(9) It is suggested that several metabolic steps may be affected in catabolite repression of sporulation.
(10) Heat resistance increased about tenfold in the range of 30-44 degrees C. Sporulation at 52 degrees C did not show any further increase in heat resistance.
(11) The mycelium of Trichoderma viride grown in the dark under submerged conditions and transferred to membrane filters sporulated only after photoinduction.
(12) Certain sporulation-specific polypeptides including the coat protein were among the most actively produced polypeptides in sporulating cells.
(13) Decoyinine, an inhibitor of GMP synthetase, was used to induce sporulation under catabolite-repressed conditions in Bacillus subtilis.
(14) Carbohydrate metabolism, under sporulation conditions, was compared in sporulating and non-sporulating diploids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
(15) Our results demonstrate that the partial reduction of a guanine nucleotide, probably relative to some other compound, suffices to initiate sporulation.
(16) The effect of gramicidin S added to the cultivation medium on sporulation of the gramicidin S-producing P+ variant and gramicidin S-nonproducing P- variant of Bacillus brevis var.
(17) In the non-sporulating strains, the degradation of vegetative RNA was less than 28% in the sporulation medium.
(18) Homozygotes of hrr25-1 were unable to sporulate and disruption and deletion of HRR25 interfered with mitotic and meiotic cell division.
(19) Melanin synthesis in the myxomycete Physarum polycephalum occurs during sporulation but not during spherule formation.
(20) Sporulation occurs during the late logarithmic phase of a culture, a time of slow but unbalanced growth.