(1) In K+-depolarized basilar arteries, ifenprodil competitively antagonized the response to Ca2+, and this was enhanced by pre-incubation in calcium hopantenate.
(2) For this purpose the blood flow velocity in the internal carotid artery, basilar cerebral artery and the anterior cerebral artery was measured by pulsed Dopplersonography before and 5-10 min after i.v.
(3) While the heaviest anterogradely labeled ascending projections were observed to the contralateral ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, pars oralis (VPLo), efferent projections were also observed to the contralateral ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VLc) and central lateral (CL) nucleus of the thalamic intralaminar complex, magnocellular (and to a lesser extent parvicellular) red nucleus, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, zona incerta, nucleus of the posterior commissure, lateral intermediate layer and deep layer of the superior colliculus, dorsolateral periaqueductal gray, contralateral nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and basilar pontine nuclei (especially dorsal and peduncular), and dorsal (DAO) and medial (MAO) accessory olivary nuclei, ipsilateral lateral (external) cuneate nucleus (LCN) and lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), and to a lesser extent the caudal medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and caudal nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH), and dorsal medullary raphe.
(4) The solution of these differential equations gives the velocity of the basilar membrane and hence other related quantities, e.g., displacement, pressure, driving-point impedance at the stapes.
(5) Injection of the tracer substance wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) directly into the basilar pontine nuclei using a ventral surgical approach resulted in the labeling of somata in many areas both rostral and caudal to the basilar pons.
(6) Comparative vasoactivity of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on the human basilar artery was quantitatively assessed in vitro.
(7) One patient harbored a basilar trunk aneurysm, 1 an aneurysm of the proximal posterior cerebral artery, 3 an aneurysm of the superior cerebellar artery, and 10 an aneurysm at the basilar tip.
(8) These are usually located in the intracranial part of the vertebral artery and less frequently in the lower basilar artery, and are therefore inaccessible to prophylactic vascular surgery.
(9) The binding sites were mainly located on the stereocilia, the cuticular plate of hair cells, the head plates of Deiters' cells, fibrous structures in pillar cells, in the spiral limbus and tectorial membrane and basilar membrane, plasma membranes, mitochondria and the chromatin of various kinds of cells.
(10) Cerebral angiogram revealed mild atherosclerosis of basilar and bilateral posterior cerebral arteries, but any occlusive lesions were not found.
(11) The inhibitory effects of flunarizine on basilar artery were more marked against transmural stimulation or high-K induced contractions than against agonist-induced contractions.
(12) Four patients at our institution underwent intraoperative transfemoral catheterization of the basilar artery with a nondetectable endovascular balloon for proximal control of the basilar artery.
(13) The neurological deficits presented in this case were due to pontine infarction, which was suspected to be produced by thrombosis from the aneurysm, and a hydrocephalus might have been caused by a "water-hammering" effect of the elongated basilar artery.
(14) The BAEPs were unchanged in the same patient during the period of temporary basilar artery occlusion.
(15) TTX also reduced the number of spines on the proximal portion of oblique dendrites in layer IV by 16%, yet did not change the number of spines on basilar dendrites.
(16) The combination of a carotid-basilar and a vertebro-vertebral collateral circulation was verified directly in a patient with a complete subclavian steal by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.
(17) Both middle cerebral arteries and four control basilar arteries were examined using fluorescent antibody techniques with antisera to alpha-actin, myosin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, vimentin, desmin, laminin, and collagens (types I, III, IV, and V).
(18) These findings suggest that the response to a downward shift of frequency with an amplitude increase results from new activation due to an apical extension of the envelope of the traveling wave and thus represents the activity in a restricted area of the basilar membrane.
(19) A case of a basilar bifurcation aneurysm associated with common carotid artery occlusion is reported.
(20) Basilar skull fractures account for approximately 19% of all skull fractures.
Rale
Definition:
(n.) An adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal respiratory sounds. See Rhonchus.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dyspnea was the principal complaint, and fine rales were common.
(2) The methodology revealed that the network used the presence of ECG findings, as well as the presence of rales, syncope, jugular venous distension, response to trinitroglycerin, and nausea and vomiting, as major predictive sources.
(3) Several variables were significantly (p less than 0.05) more common in the VT group: age older than 60 years, previous AMI, history of angina pectoris, occurrence of VT or ventricular fibrillation in the coronary care unit, left ventricular ejection fraction less than 30%, rales greater than bibasilar in the coronary care unit, and use of antiarrhythmic drugs, digitalis or diuretics at the time of discharge from hospital.
(4) Physically, the patient appeared lethargic, and breathing sounds revealed diffuse rales and wheezing.
(5) Many authors feel the need to qualify "rales": sixteen descriptive adjectives were encountered.
(6) The patient was successfully treated with diuretics and nitrates but on the fifth hospital day moist rales were noted over the entire lung field.
(7) Examples are reported of clinical cases confirming the difficulties of diagnosis of recurring form of thromboembolism of the minor pulmonary artery branches and the following leading signs of the disease are singled out: elevation of the temperature, tachy- and orthopnea, prolonged retrosternal pain, crepitation and moist rales over the lungs, inversion of the T-wave and depression of the ST segment in the right thoracic leads.
(8) These cases involved elderly patients with progressive dyspnea and nonproductive cough, bilateral dry crackling rales, bilateral interstitial infiltrates evident on a chest roentgenogram, and restrictive findings on pulmonary function testing.
(9) An "obstructive element" is based on the presence of clinical signs like cough, wheezing and rales.
(10) After receiving cow's milk containing formula he presented with fever, tachypnea, diffuse rales and crepitations over both lungs.
(11) Clinical findings included fever (greater than or equal to 38 degrees C) (88%), rhinorrhea (62.6%), cough (50%), otitis (50%), rhonchi (42%), vomiting (38%), diarrhea (33%), rales (21%), pharyngitis (13%) and croup (4%).
(12) Chest examination revealed rales over the bilateral chest.
(13) There was a higher frequency of cough and rales and a small decrease in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one sec among the grain handlers, as compared to the civic workers matched for smoking.
(14) The following features were significantly associated with a bacterial etiology: age over 30 years, alcoholism, concomitant neoplasm, cough, coma, pulmonary rales, new neurological signs or petechia.
(15) Generalized lymphadenopathy and some rales over both lung bases were noted and a chest radiograph showed bilateral nodular lesions.
(16) In the absence of an obvious predisposition, the abrupt onset of a self-limited illness characterized by dyspnea, cyanosis, and low-grade fever associated with diffuse rales, hypoxemia, and alveolar infiltrates in dependent lobes should suggest aspiration.
(17) Significant correlations were observed between rales, the radiological score, some functional indices and the characteristics of fibrosis.
(18) Decreased breath sounds over affected lung areas were often the only findings on auscultation; find rales, rhonchi or dullness on percussion were less often heard.
(19) Findings occurring significantly more often (P less than or equal to .001) among cases than controls included pleuritic chest pain; acute sinus tenderness, and nasal discharge, epistaxis and eschar; rales; development of multilobar infiltrates after the 14th hospital day; and presence of nodular or cavitary infiltrates.
(20) Of 22 patients with the classical clinical signs of pulmonary oedema (orthopnoe, cyanosis, sweating and rales heard at a distance) 15 (Group A) were observed clinically, while seven (Group B) underwent haemodynamic studies.