What's the difference between bend and refract?

Bend


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To strain or move out of a straight line; to crook by straining; to make crooked; to curve; to make ready for use by drawing into a curve; as, to bend a bow; to bend the knee.
  • (v. t.) To turn toward some certain point; to direct; to incline.
  • (v. t.) To apply closely or with interest; to direct.
  • (v. t.) To cause to yield; to render submissive; to subdue.
  • (v. t.) To fasten, as one rope to another, or as a sail to its yard or stay; or as a cable to the ring of an anchor.
  • (v. i.) To be moved or strained out of a straight line; to crook or be curving; to bow.
  • (v. i.) To jut over; to overhang.
  • (v. i.) To be inclined; to be directed.
  • (v. i.) To bow in prayer, or in token of submission.
  • (n.) A turn or deflection from a straight line or from the proper direction or normal position; a curve; a crook; as, a slight bend of the body; a bend in a road.
  • (n.) Turn; purpose; inclination; ends.
  • (n.) A knot by which one rope is fastened to another or to an anchor, spar, or post.
  • (n.) The best quality of sole leather; a butt. See Butt.
  • (n.) Hard, indurated clay; bind.
  • (n.) same as caisson disease. Usually referred to as the bends.
  • (n.) A band.
  • (n.) One of the honorable ordinaries, containing a third or a fifth part of the field. It crosses the field diagonally from the dexter chief to the sinister base.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Fifty-two pairs of canine femora were tested to failure in four-point bending.
  • (2) Think of Nelson Mandela – there is a determination, an unwillingness to bend in the face of challenges, that earns you respect and makes people look to you for guidance.
  • (3) This behavior consists of a very rapid bend of the body and tail that is thought to arise from the monosynaptic excitation of large primary motoneurons by the Mauthner cell.
  • (4) Intrinsic bending of the 527-bp fragment (bend center approximately at bp 240) was represented as a composite of at least two components located near bp 170 and near bp 260.
  • (5) We found that the Gallie system generally allowed significantly more rotation in flexion, extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending than the other three fixation techniques.
  • (6) After a hiatus, Smith is back with a flourish for her genre-bending new novel How to be Both , and David Mitchell has been longlisted for a third time, for The Bone Clocks .
  • (7) The developed apparatus included ultrasonic generators operating at a frequency of 0.5-3 MHz, piezoceramic radiators of various design providing the heating of an object with convergent, divergent and plane ultrasonic waves, thermoprobes in the form of single or multiple thermocouples with the bends from 5 points at a 5 mm distance from one another, temperature meters and various auxiliaries.
  • (8) Optical diffraction measurements on electron micrographs of the bend demonstrate that the axostyle tubules slide over one another and that the tubules on the inside of a bend usually contract, sometimes by as much as 25%.
  • (9) Temperature decline through the region of 10 degrees C caused a number of spermatozoa in buffer to undergo a sudden asymmetric bending of the flagellum in the region of the midpiece.
  • (10) This large increase in power output can be accommodated without an increase in metabolic rate only if internal viscous resistances to flagellar bending are relatively low.
  • (11) I was asked, as still the home secretary, would you bend on ID cards, and we'd put all our bits in, and we thought we could get a deal here.
  • (12) We measured the stiffness of comparable configurations (1 or 2 bars) under axial compression, four-point-bending in two planes, and torsion.
  • (13) The criteria of failure of pedicular instrumentation or "death" of an implant were defined as 1) screw bending, 2) screw breakage, 3) infection, 4) loosening of implants, 5) any rod or plate hardware problems, or 6) removal of hardware due to a neurologic complication.
  • (14) Static and fatigue testing of representative samples by the simultaneous application of compressive and bending loads to the maximum values specified by international standards exposed no failures by the time a million cycles had been reached.
  • (15) My Paul Nuttalls routine has floated back up the U-bend | Stewart Lee Read more Nuttall told Marr that “nothing should be a sacred cow in British politics.
  • (16) Using fluorescence energy transfer, the extent of DNA bending was estimated by measuring the end-to-end distance of the DNA fragment which was labeled with a donor-acceptor pair on two opposite ends.
  • (17) Future ice loss and bending of the crust due to rising sea levels have the potential ultimately to raise levels of both earthquake and volcanic activity.
  • (18) In addition, the ability to bend DNA is retained by a small proteolytic fragment of the protein, suggesting that the DNA-binding domain of the protein is resistant to proteases and is sufficient to bend DNA.
  • (19) As in our previous studies, the modulus of elasticity in bending was significantly less than the value obtained in tension for only the smaller cross-sectional wires.
  • (20) Assuming no future environmental or lifestyle changes, the upward trend in age-adjusted mortality rates, which averaged 2 to 3% per annum since 1950, is projected to discontinue and bend downward by the second decade of the 21st century.

Refract


Definition:

  • (n.) To bend sharply and abruptly back; to break off.
  • (n.) To break the natural course of, as rays of light orr heat, when passing from one transparent medium to another of different density; to cause to deviate from a direct course by an action distinct from reflection; as, a dense medium refrcts the rays of light as they pass into it from a rare medium.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) In the group of high myopia (over 20 D), the mean correction was 13.4 D. In the group with refraction between 0 and 6 D, 88% of the eyes treated had attained a correction between -1 and +1 D 3 months postoperatively.
  • (2) The molar refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of the substituent.
  • (3) A new approach is presented to the refractive procedure by adding observation, both surreptitious and direct, as an adjunct, an aid and a supplement to differential diagnosis in a refractive examination and in visual analysis.
  • (4) Dioptric aniseikonia was calculated between 1 month and 24 months after surgery (with Gruber's and Huber's computer program) on the basis of most recently obtained values (bulb axis length, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, necessary refraction), and compared with subjective measurements taken with the phase difference haploscope.
  • (5) These versions offer different advantages and are selected according to the particular field of application and the refraction of the surgeon.
  • (6) The refraction of his mild hyperopic eyes (+0,5 dpt) changed to -5,5 dpt and the intraocular pressure increased to 40 mm Hg in the right and 42 mm Hg in the left eye.
  • (7) These observations suggest that refractive anomalies such as anisometropia that limit high frequency spatial resolution and binocular integration can present a major obstacle to the postnatal development of binocular vision.
  • (8) A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the effect of recipient-donor trephine disparity on refractive error and corneal curvature post-suture removal in keratoconus.
  • (9) Scientists and clinicians concerned with underwater vision have not considered the relationship between chromatic aberration, water color, and the refractive state of the eye.
  • (10) As the refractive status changes a curve is traced out on the graph.
  • (11) The change in refractive astigmatism was as high as 1.50DC (diopter cylinder).
  • (12) There is a problem in this approach if the angle between the direction of tracked beam and the direction of tracking translation is not zero due to refraction or other effects.
  • (13) We find good agreement between the model calculations and the experimental results indicating that edge birefringence can be attributed to the change in polarization of light that is refracted and reflected by dielectric interfaces.
  • (14) The corneal sensibility was examined with the aesthesiometer of Draeger in 41 patients after refractive corneal surgery, 31 patients after radial keratotomy, 5 after epikeratophakia, 5 after excimer laser ablation.
  • (15) Extraordinarily wide angles were observed in all cases and myopia was a common refractive error.
  • (16) There was no connection between the cholesterol level, refraction or visual acuity.
  • (17) The refractive changes in 84 children (155 eyes) following horizontal strabismus surgery and in 97 children (181 eyes) without surgical intervention were studied.
  • (18) Refractive error and the ocular refractive components have heritabilities intermediate between zero and one, as complied from several studies, indicating familial resemblance, but also non-genetic variation.
  • (19) Approximately 75% of repeat autorefractor measurements were within 0.50 D of the initial readings, and about 75% of measurements were within 1.00 D of the manual refractions.
  • (20) The refractive index profile in the equatorial plane of bovine lenses from over a wide age range is presented.

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