(prep.) Lower in place, with something directly over or on; under; underneath; hence, at the foot of.
(prep.) Under, in relation to something that is superior, or that oppresses or burdens.
(prep.) Lower in rank, dignity, or excellence than; as, brutes are beneath man; man is beneath angels in the scale of beings. Hence: Unworthy of; unbecoming.
(adv.) In a lower place; underneath.
(adv.) Below, as opposed to heaven, or to any superior region or position; as, in earth beneath.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dietary factors affect intestinal P450s markedly--iron restriction rapidly decreased intestinal P450 to beneath detectable values; selenium deficiency acted similarly but was less effective; Brussels sprouts increased intestinal AHH activity 9.8-fold, ECOD activity 3.2-fold, and P450 1.9-fold; fried meat and dietary fat significantly increased intestinal EROD activity; a vitamin A-deficient diet increased, and a vitamin A-rich diet decreased intestinal P450 activities; and excess cholesterol in the diet increased intestinal P450 activity.
(2) Mendl's candy colours contrast sharply with the gothic garb of our hero's enemies and the greys of the prison uniforms – as well as scenes showing the hotel later, in the 1960s, its opulence lost beneath a drab communist refurb.
(3) The major mode of failure was ligament disruption in the specimens from young adult humans and avulsion of bone beneath the ligament insertion site in the specimens from older humans.
(4) Milk poured from higher (5-10cm above the cup) will sink beneath the surface.
(5) Under conditions of chemotaxis with activated serum beneath the filter, the neutrophil population oriented at the filter surface with nuclei located away from the stimulus, centrioles and associated radial array of microtubules beneath the nuclei, and microfilament-rich pseudopods penetrating the filter pores.
(6) Mutants resistant to R 61837 (up to 85 times the MIC) were shown to bear some cross-resistance (up to 23 times the MIC) to the new compound, indicating that pirodavir also binds into the hydrophobic pocket beneath the canyon floor of rhinoviruses.
(7) On the point about whether the estate is “viable”: if the alternative is the land beneath it on the open market, for a private developer to pay bubble prices, then nothing is really viable.
(8) Filopodia extending from the processes were found beneath the pia mater.
(9) The catheters were inserted near the intercostal nerves, above and beneath the incision, just before the wound was closed and 0.25% bupivacaine hydrochloride solution was infused periodically through the catheters.
(10) The posterior half of these lesions lie in a subcaudate position and the anterior half, for the most part, lies beneath the central segment of frontal white matter.
(11) In the parotid glands numerous adrenergic and cholinergic axons are found beneath the basement membrane of acini and intercalary ducts in intimate association with the cells.
(12) in the penumbral region and beneath the edges of air and bone inhomogeneities.
(13) Previously a cover-up and reworking of a tattoo beneath, when she was performing across the UK with Girls Aloud in February , you could see the bold work in progress poking above her backless stage costumes.
(14) Twenty-one of 24 adult male and female cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis ibis) collected in Geneva County, Alabama had numerous white cyst-like structures (1,466 microns X 354 microns) found within the loose connective tissues of the skeletal muscles of the inguinal region, beneath the serosa of the proventriculus and in the heart beneath the epicardium (one adult male bird).
(15) Light microscopy examinations demonstrated that the epithelium was not disrupted by this process (and that microvessels are abundant just beneath the epithelium).
(16) Native leaflet surfaces appeared to be smoother with longer and straighter fibres beneath the surface than treated leaflets.
(17) Thin section analysis of capped cells revealed an abundance of microtubules immediately beneath the cap which were arranged approximately perpendicular to the plane of the membrane.
(18) Findley darts round him and slots him beneath the advancing Ricketts.
(19) We have recently shown that urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 are both found extracellularly beneath cultured human skin fibroblasts and HT-1080 sarcoma cells, but in distinct localizations.
(20) As with established cell lines, formation of zeiotic knobs at the isolated Type 1 cell surface appeared closely related to microfilamentous nets located beneath the plasmalemma.
Crypt
Definition:
(n.) A vault wholly or partly under ground; especially, a vault under a church, whether used for burial purposes or for a subterranean chapel or oratory.
(n.) A simple gland, glandular cavity, or tube; a follicle; as, the crypts of Lieberk/hn, the simple tubular glands of the small intestines.
Example Sentences:
(1) The subcellular distribution of sialyltransferase and its product of action, sialic acid, was investigated in the undifferentiated cells of the rat intestinal crypts and compared with the pattern observed in the differentiated cells present in the surface epithelium.
(2) A comparative evaluation of these data suggest that hormone independent cells are present in the cervical crypts of late menopause women and that a cyclic change of hormone dependent cells may occur in fertile women, analogous to the cyclic changes of endometrial mucosa.
(3) The proliferating cells showing increased hybridization include normal mitotically active crypt epithelium, regenerating epithelium in ulcerative colitis, adenomatous epithelium, and adenocarcinomatous epithelium.
(4) There was also a reduced crypt cell proliferation, a reduced villus height and a decreased ALP activity in the ileal mucosa.
(5) Explants maintained villus-to-crypt ratio between 1:1 and 1.5:1 for 48 hours.
(6) The diameters of regenerating crypts were measured at various times after X-rays and cis-platinum given either alone or in combination.
(7) In both of these groups, the inoculated bacteria were recovered from the colon, and T hyodysenteriae was demonstrated in the colonic crypts, epithelium, and lamina propria.
(8) Succinylated wheat germ agglutinin bound more to crypt than to villus enterocytes.
(9) The crypts were studied at 1, 5, 7, 15 and 30 days after the initiation of treatment.
(10) Newborn animals already exhibited clearly recognizable crypts of Lieberkühn.
(11) In addition, we found that carbamoylphosphate synthetase mRNA is present mainly in the epithelium of the crypts of the proximal part of the small intestine, whereas carbamoylphosphate synthetase protein is present in the epithelium of both crypts and villi.
(12) The peptide toxin apamin inhibits Ca2(+)-activated K+ channels exclusively in surface cell vesicles, while charybdotoxin inhibits predominantly in the crypt cell membrane fraction.
(13) Intrinsic factor-mediated uptake of cobalamin could not be demonstrated using ileal crypt or jejunal villous or crypt cells.
(14) A method has been developed for the simultaneous isolation of basolateral plasma membrane vesicles from surface and crypt cells of rabbit distal colon epithelium by sequential use of differential sedimentation, isopycnic centrifugation and Ficoll 400 barrier centrifugation.
(15) In contrast, foci formed by 3-4 dysplastic crypts were decreased by the starch diet (P less than 0.05).
(16) In the former group the changes observed were mucosal oedema with acute inflammation of varying severity but with preservation of the crypt architecture.
(17) (ii) In young sucklings (10 days old), SC was virtually absent in both villus and crypt cells, but its concentration progressively increased in weanling rats and reached adult levels by day 40 postpartum.
(18) Sub-groups of 5-7 rats were sequentially killed at 4, 8 and 12 months for evaluation of the length, cell numbers and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrDU) labeling indices of large bowel crypts together with ODC activity.
(19) One of the conventional approaches used in the past provided estimates of about 70-80 clonogenic cells per crypt (i.e.
(20) Immunofluorescence studies employing monoclonal antibodies specific for villus and crypt cells in vivo, and various enzyme assays, have demonstrated a level of differentiation and maturation of the cultured epithelial cells similar but not identical to that of suckling intestinal mucosa in vivo.