(n.) A volatile, very inflammable liquid, C6H6, contained in the naphtha produced by the destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional distillation. The name is sometimes applied also to the impure commercial product or benzole, and also, but rarely, to a similar mixed product of petroleum.
Example Sentences:
(1) The low affinity of several N1-alkylpyrroleethylamines suggests that the benzene portion of the alpha-methyltryptamines is necessary for significant affinity.
(2) Essential parameters of hepatic functioning in 84 labourers, whose exposition to benzene is differing in assimilation as well as length of time is discussed.--45 persons from the same county without contact to benzene or hepatotoxic agents served as control-group.
(3) In the liver, the major site of benzene metabolism, benzene is converted by a cytochrome P-450-mediated pathway to phenol, the major metabolite, and the secondary metabolites, hydroquinone and catechol.
(4) The significance of the present findings on the mutual suppression of metabolism between benzene and toluene is discussed in relation to solvent toxicology and biological monitoring of exposure to the solvents.
(5) Service station attendants' exposure to benzene, based on 85 TWA results at 7 stations, were well below 1 ppm except one exposure of 2.08 ppm.
(6) For cases where background contamination could not be adequately controlled, the assay was modified for the quantitative determination of labelled benzenes six mass units heavier than natural benzene (benzene-d6 or benzene-13C6).
(7) We have investigated the whole-body dermal penetration of styrene, xylene, toluene, perchloroethylene, benzene, halothane, hexane, and isoflurane in rats and compared the permeability constants with available human studies on vapor penetration.
(8) Numerical and structural chromosome changes in bone marrow cells have been described in subjects with benzene haemopathy.
(9) On the other hand, Sudan III pretreatment suppressed benzene-induced CA at all periods after the benzene injection.
(10) Benzene is the only chemical agent for which strong evidence of leukaemogenesis exists.
(11) 14C-Methylthio-labelled 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-tert-butylamino-sym-triazine (terbutryn), pentachlorothioanisole (PCTA), and 1,4-bis(methylthio)tetrachloro-benzene (bis-MTTCB) and their methylthio-oxidation congeners were reacted with glutathione (GSH) in the presence and absence of immobilized liver microsomal enzymes.
(12) The drug is extracted from buffered plasma at pH 9.0 with benzen.
(13) Laser photolysis techniques have been used to characterize the reactivity of triplet state lipoidal benzophenone derivatives toward fatty acids and glycerides in benzene solution.
(14) In experiments in vitro, neither benzene, toluene nor xylene changed the number of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) or the number of chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes.
(15) The compound is extracted from aqueous solution with benzene and cleaned up by liquid chromatography.
(16) In pursuing the study on pyridodiazepinone derivatives, in order to verify the variation of biological activity induced by replacement of the heteroaromatic with an aromatic nucleus and by the introduction of chlorine on the benzene ring, a series of 1-[(dialkylamino)alkyl]-4-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin- 2-ones and of 7-chloro-analogues were prepared.
(17) Benzene toluene, styrene, 1,1,1-trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene are taken as examples of solvents showing various toxicokinetic properties.
(18) DAS protected the anion exchange system not only against inhibition by DNFB but also by m-isothiocyanato benzene sulfonic acid.
(19) The m-xylene-adapted microorganisms in the aquifer column degraded toluene, benzaldehyde, benzoate, m-toluylaldehyde, m-toluate, m-cresol, p-cresol, and p-hydroxybenzoate but were unable to metabolize benzene, naphthalene, methylcyclohexane, and 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane.
(20) Anticonvulsant activity and toxicity of 20 arylsuccinimides were quantitatively correlated with the hydrophobic, electronic and steric parameters of the substituents in the benzene ring and at the nitrogen atom.
Benzoin
Definition:
(n.) A resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from the Styrax benzoin, a tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume.
(n.) A white crystalline substance, C14H12O2, obtained from benzoic aldehyde and some other sources.
(n.) The spicebush (Lindera benzoin).
Example Sentences:
(1) We report on a patient who developed necrotizing contact dermatitis after a single topical application of tincture of benzoin and a pressure bandage following enucleation of an eye.
(2) The patient was a 17-year-old female Indian who had received some 3 to 8 cc of a 20 percent mixture of podophyllum resin in compound tincture of benzoin (approximately equal to 0.4 gm of podophylotoxin) as an application to her vulvar condylomata.
(3) Isopropyl alcohol, Betadine, benzoin, and Cidex do not damage the catheter.
(4) The genetic toxicity of 12 chemicals with sufficient data is discussed in detail: benzoin, caffeine caprolactam, ethanol, halothane, hycanthone methanesulfonate, malathion, maleic hydrazide, methotrexate, 1-naphthylamine, 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, and p-phenylenediamine.
(5) The results showed that dressings containing tincture of benzoin adversely affected wound healing in children.
(6) A high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the assay of angiotensin-converting enzyme in human serum and for the separation of angiotensins and their analogues after pre-column fluorescence derivatization with benzoin.
(7) The method has been applied to 2 benzoin preparations and the results were compared with those from the British Pharmacopoeia method.
(8) This ability is due to benzaldehyde lyase, a new type of enzyme that irreversibly cleaves the acyloin linkage of benzoin, producing two molecules of benzaldehyde.
(9) The method is based on the quantification of the enzymatically produced angiotensin I. Angiotensin I liberated from a synthetic substrate (tridecapeptide of human angiotensinogen) and [Val5]-angiotensin I as an internal standard are converted into fluorescent derivatives by reaction with benzoin.
(10) One such scheme utilizes a selective reaction of benzoin with the guanidine moiety to derivatize arginine residues occurring in a peptide.
(11) It was therefore concluded that caprolactam and benzoin are not clastogenic in the mouse micronucleus test.
(12) The presence of hydrophobic solvent in the reaction medium provides more favourable conditions for benzoin condensation proceeding.
(13) Two methods of podophyllin application, namely hospital-application (regimen A) and self-application (regimen B) of 25% podophyllin in tincture of benzoin compound for the treatment of penile condylomata were compared.
(14) The percutaneous absorption of the fragrances benzyl acetate and five other benzyl derivatives (benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, benzamide, benzoin and benzophenone) was determined in vivo in monkeys.
(15) Benzoin and caprolactam were examined for their capability of inducing alkaline DNA fragmentation in mouse and rat liver DNA after treatment in vivo.
(16) The benzoin reaction, described by Guillain, Laroche and Lechelle (1920) was probably the first test evaluating local (intrathecal) immunity in inflammatory diseases of the nervous system.
(17) The monomer mixture consists of equal proportions by volume of acrylonitrile, dimethyl acrylamide and methyl methacrylate, and may be polymerized by exposure to ultraviolet light in the presence of benzoin methyl ether as catalyst.
(18) A summary is presented of the published literature on the genetic toxicology of the two rodent non-carcinogens benzoin and caprolactam.
(19) The peptides are automatically converted into fluorescent derivatives with benzoin, a fluorogenic reagent for guanidino compounds, after separation on a reversed-phase column (TSKgel ODS-120T) and detection in an ultraviolet absorption detector.
(20) Both non-carcinogenic compounds, benzoin and caprolactam, exhibited no activity.