(n.) A volatile, very inflammable liquid, C6H6, contained in the naphtha produced by the destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional distillation. The name is sometimes applied also to the impure commercial product or benzole, and also, but rarely, to a similar mixed product of petroleum.
Example Sentences:
(1) The low affinity of several N1-alkylpyrroleethylamines suggests that the benzene portion of the alpha-methyltryptamines is necessary for significant affinity.
(2) Essential parameters of hepatic functioning in 84 labourers, whose exposition to benzene is differing in assimilation as well as length of time is discussed.--45 persons from the same county without contact to benzene or hepatotoxic agents served as control-group.
(3) In the liver, the major site of benzene metabolism, benzene is converted by a cytochrome P-450-mediated pathway to phenol, the major metabolite, and the secondary metabolites, hydroquinone and catechol.
(4) The significance of the present findings on the mutual suppression of metabolism between benzene and toluene is discussed in relation to solvent toxicology and biological monitoring of exposure to the solvents.
(5) Service station attendants' exposure to benzene, based on 85 TWA results at 7 stations, were well below 1 ppm except one exposure of 2.08 ppm.
(6) For cases where background contamination could not be adequately controlled, the assay was modified for the quantitative determination of labelled benzenes six mass units heavier than natural benzene (benzene-d6 or benzene-13C6).
(7) We have investigated the whole-body dermal penetration of styrene, xylene, toluene, perchloroethylene, benzene, halothane, hexane, and isoflurane in rats and compared the permeability constants with available human studies on vapor penetration.
(8) Numerical and structural chromosome changes in bone marrow cells have been described in subjects with benzene haemopathy.
(9) On the other hand, Sudan III pretreatment suppressed benzene-induced CA at all periods after the benzene injection.
(10) Benzene is the only chemical agent for which strong evidence of leukaemogenesis exists.
(11) 14C-Methylthio-labelled 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-tert-butylamino-sym-triazine (terbutryn), pentachlorothioanisole (PCTA), and 1,4-bis(methylthio)tetrachloro-benzene (bis-MTTCB) and their methylthio-oxidation congeners were reacted with glutathione (GSH) in the presence and absence of immobilized liver microsomal enzymes.
(12) The drug is extracted from buffered plasma at pH 9.0 with benzen.
(13) Laser photolysis techniques have been used to characterize the reactivity of triplet state lipoidal benzophenone derivatives toward fatty acids and glycerides in benzene solution.
(14) In experiments in vitro, neither benzene, toluene nor xylene changed the number of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) or the number of chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes.
(15) The compound is extracted from aqueous solution with benzene and cleaned up by liquid chromatography.
(16) In pursuing the study on pyridodiazepinone derivatives, in order to verify the variation of biological activity induced by replacement of the heteroaromatic with an aromatic nucleus and by the introduction of chlorine on the benzene ring, a series of 1-[(dialkylamino)alkyl]-4-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin- 2-ones and of 7-chloro-analogues were prepared.
(17) Benzene toluene, styrene, 1,1,1-trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene are taken as examples of solvents showing various toxicokinetic properties.
(18) DAS protected the anion exchange system not only against inhibition by DNFB but also by m-isothiocyanato benzene sulfonic acid.
(19) The m-xylene-adapted microorganisms in the aquifer column degraded toluene, benzaldehyde, benzoate, m-toluylaldehyde, m-toluate, m-cresol, p-cresol, and p-hydroxybenzoate but were unable to metabolize benzene, naphthalene, methylcyclohexane, and 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane.
(20) Anticonvulsant activity and toxicity of 20 arylsuccinimides were quantitatively correlated with the hydrophobic, electronic and steric parameters of the substituents in the benzene ring and at the nitrogen atom.
Propane
Definition:
(n.) A heavy gaseous hydrocarbon, C3H8, of the paraffin series, occurring naturally dissolved in crude petroleum, and also made artificially; -- called also propyl hydride.
Example Sentences:
(1) Stopped-flow studies of oxidation of butan-1-ol and propan-2-ol by NAD(+) in the presence of Phenol Red and large concentrations of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase give no evidence for the participation of a group of pK(a) approx.
(2) Young female rats dosed with 1-bromo[1-14C]propane excrete the same metabolites as adult females but in different relative proportions.
(3) The performance of a commercial double-propane-jet freezer (Balzers QFD 101) has been assessed, for rapid freezing of fresh tissues in freeze-etch work.
(4) The ryanodine receptor protein of sheep cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes functions as a ligand-regulated ion channel following solubilization with the zwitterionic detergent CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1- propane sulphonate); purification by density gradient centrifugation, reconstitution into proteo-liposomes and incorporation into planar phospholipid bilayers.
(5) The biliary excretion of metabolites of 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)-propane is described.
(6) There is no detectable activity with 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane, ethacrynic acid, p-nitrobenzyl chloride or p-nitrophenyl acetate.
(7) Clinical experience is reported with bis-dioxopiperazine propane (ICRF 159) in 20 children with acute leukaemia in relapse.
(8) A fast freezing technique using liquid propane was used to obtain frozen solutions of methemoglobin at pH 7.
(9) Substitution of "strong" salts in the sample zone with salts formed by weak acids and bases, e.g.. Tris-acetate, Tris-glycinate, Good's buffers such as (N-[2-acetamido]-2-iminodiacetic acid (ADA), (2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-amino] ethanesulfonic acid (ACES), (3-[N-morpholino]propane sulfonic acid (MOPS), essentially abolishes both phenomena, oxidation and irreversible denaturation.
(10) Results of the demonstration tests show that the system, which uses liquefied propane, successfully removed PCBs from contaminated sediments in New Bedford Harbor.
(11) The capacity of carnosine to decrease free radical-induced damage was evaluated using the oxidation of brain homogenates, the 2,2'-azobis-2-amidino propane-induced oxidation of erythrocyte ghost membranes, the radiation induced inactivation of horseradish peroxidase and the 2,2'-azobis-2-amidino propane-induced inactivation of lysozyme.
(12) Lignin peroxidase also hydroxylated 1-(4'-ethoxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)propane II at the alpha-position to yield 1-(4'-ethoxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropane VI under anaerobic conditions in the presence of mCPBA.
(13) Derivatives of the antiallergic drug cromolyn [disodium 5,5'-[(2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediyl)-bis(oxy)]bis [4-oxo-(4H-1-benzopyran)-2- carboxylate]], which can be conjugated covalently at the propane 2-position to macromolecules and to insoluble matrices, were synthesized.
(14) The effect of two nitroimidazoles, 2-acetoxyl-1,3-bis-(2'-methyl-4'-nitro-1'-imidazolyl)propane (Rs-029) and 2-acetoxy-1-(2'-methyl-4'-nitro-1'-imidazolyl)-3-(2''-methyl-5''-nitro- 1- nitroimidazolyl)propane (Rs-034) on ATP level and erythrocyte membrane ATP-ase activity was studied.
(15) The animals were decapitated and, the pituitary glands were removed, mounted on tissue holders and frozen in liquified propane.
(16) macrosporus is a unique acid endopeptidase that is insensitive (or less sensitive) to specific inhibitors of ordinary acid or aspartic proteinases, such as pepstatin, diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester, and 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)-propane.
(17) Rapid quenching methods such as plunging a grid into liquid propane cooled by LN2 or collision with a clean surface of a copper block cooled to LHe temperature were used to avoid ice crystal formation.
(18) Considerable activity was obtained with 1-chlorl-2,4-dinitrobenzene and low activity with 3,4-dichloro-1-nitrobenzene, but no enzymic reaction was detectable with sulphobromophthalein 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane of trans-4-phenylbut-3-en-2-one as substrates.
(19) When porcine brain membranes were solubilized with digitonin or 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS), approximately 20% of the receptors were solubilized, most (90% or more) of which bound to Sepharose 4B conjugated with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA).
(20) Propane inhalation may be widespread, yet only a few cases have been reported.