(n.) A compound radical, C6H5.CH2, related to toluene and benzoic acid; -- commonly used adjectively.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results of this study suggest that the effects of benzylated CD4(81-92) derivatives on HIV-1 binding or fusion should not be used to reach conclusions about the function of the corresponding CD4 region.
(2) Allyl 4-O-benzyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside was converted into allyl 4-O-benzyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside and this was condensed with 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl chloride to give a disaccharide derivative which was converted into allyl 4-O-benzyl-2-O-(2,3-O-isopropylidene-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-3-O-methyl -alpha- L-rhamnopyranoside.
(3) The N-substituents included methyl, benzyl, and beta-hydroxy- and beta-chloroethyl groups.
(4) Both benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase and benzaldehyde dehydrogenase II were inhibited by the thiol-blocking reagents iodoacetate, iodoacetamide, 4-chloromercuribenzoate and N-ethylmaleimide.
(5) Bactericidal effects were also demonstrated by benzyl penicillin against Clostridium welchii and ampicillin against Escherichia coli.
(6) We suggest that patients with proven group G streptococcal endocarditis should be treated with large doses of benzyl penicillin and with an aminoglycoside for not less than 4 weeks.
(7) Z-Thr[alpha-Glc(OBzl)4]-OBzl and Z-Thr[alpha-Gal(OBzl)4]-OBzl were prepared from the tetra-O-benzylated sugar and Z-Thr-OBzl by the trichloroacetimidate method in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethane sulfonate.
(8) Metabolites identified include products from side-chain C-hydroxylation (benzyl alcohols and benzaldehydes) and N-hydroxylation (hydroxylamines and nitroso derivatives).
(9) Muscarinic ACh antagonists [3H]N-methyl scopolamine ([3H]NMS) or [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate ([3H]QNB) were used to label cell surface vs total (i.e.
(10) Methyl esters of all common fatty acids separate from the benzyl esters formed from phospholipids.
(11) As a prerequisite for preparing bispecific antibody conjugates containing anti-tumor and anti-metal chelate binding sites that can be used for pretargeted immunoscintigraphy, monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) have been raised against an octahedral metal chelate synthetized from gallium (Ga) and the hexadentate ligand N,N'bis[2-hydroxy 5-(ethylene beta carboxy) benzyl] ethylenediamine N,N' diacetic acid (Ga-HBED-CC).
(12) Similar was the cyclization which accompanied the basic hydrolysis of N-benzyl-oxycarbonyl-L-threonyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester and of N-benzyloxy-carbonyl-L-seryl-DL-valine ethyl ester, and which resulted in the formation of L - O = C Thr-L-Phe and L - O = C Ser-DL-Val, respectively.
(13) Since the corresponding keto analogue, N-[(R)-2-benzyl-5-cyano-4-oxopentanyl]-L-phenylalanine (compound 4), does not inactivate the enzyme, it is suggested that the NH in compound 1 is critical for the proper active-site anchoring of the inhibitor for the inactivation process to take place.
(14) Synthesis of 3-O-phytanyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphoryl-1'-sn-glycerol (monophytanyl ether analogue of lysophosphatidyl glycerol) was carried out by conversion of the above phosphotriester to the monosilver salt of the suitably blocked lysophosphatidic acid which was condensed with 1-iodo-2-O-t-butyl-3-O-benzyl-sn-glycerol.
(15) A study of the anti-S III antibody produced early and late in the immune response revealed no change in molecular class, banding pattern of dissociated light chains, or S III binding characteristics as measured under equilibrium conditions or by study of dissociation kinetics utilizing radioiodinated p-OH-benzyl-S III.
(16) Growth on mandelate or benzoylformate induces l-mandelate dehydrogenase, benzoylformate decarboxylase, benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase and a heat-stable as well as a heat-labile benzaldehyde dehydrogenase.
(17) Benzyl alcohol did not modify the magnitude of the inhibitory response when the catalytic unit of adenylate cyclase was inhibited by using either low concentrations of guanosine 5'-[beta gamma-imido]triphosphate, which acts selectively on the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-regulatory protein Gi, or during alpha 2-adrenoceptor occupancy, by using adrenaline (+ propranolol).
(18) The syntheses of trans- and cis-1-benzyl-3-dimethylamino-6-phenylpiperidine (1 and 2) are described.
(19) 1,4-Dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-mannitol (DIM) was synthesized chemically from benzyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside [Fleet et al (1984) J. Chem.
(20) Benzyl alcohol, at 50 and 75 mM concentrations, increased the maximal velocity (Vmax) of this exchange process by approximately 58 and 75%, respectively.
Toluene
Definition:
(n.) A hydrocarbon, C6H5.CH3, of the aromatic series, homologous with benzene, and obtained as a light mobile colorless liquid, by distilling tolu balsam, coal tar, etc.; -- called also methyl benzene, phenyl methane, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) The specific rates of degradation of L-arginine-AMC, gly-proline-AMC, N-alpha-benzoyl-L-arginine-AMC and N-[p-toluene-sulphonyl]gly-pro-arginine-AMC were significantly greater in that group, indicating that the composition of their gingival crevicular fluid was different from that of the gingivitis group.
(2) The toluene group were more approving in their attitudes towards taking other drugs.
(3) In anaerobiosis, at 25 mM sulphanilic acid, or with addition of p-toluene sulphonic acid only one regression line is obtained for the permeation in both directions.
(4) Their defect in DNA degradation was shown not only after treatment by toluene but also in crude extracts after cell disintegration by ultrasonic and in untreated starved cultures.
(5) The significance of the present findings on the mutual suppression of metabolism between benzene and toluene is discussed in relation to solvent toxicology and biological monitoring of exposure to the solvents.
(6) On the other hand, with simultaneous doses of the two substances, the blood toluene concentration was higher for the first 15-30 min than the ethanol control and the urinary excretion of hippuric acid, a main metabolite of toluene, was markedly decreased for the first 2 h. The blood ethanol in this group, on the contrary, was reduced until 1 h after administration.
(7) Toluene exposure for 4 and 12 weeks caused a significant, approximately 20%, increase in 45Ca2+ uptake into unstimulated synaptosomes.
(8) Furthermore, toluene undergoes methyl-substitution in preparations of human bone marrow incubated with S-adenosyl-L-methionine to yield o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene.
(9) We have investigated the whole-body dermal penetration of styrene, xylene, toluene, perchloroethylene, benzene, halothane, hexane, and isoflurane in rats and compared the permeability constants with available human studies on vapor penetration.
(10) The metabolites were identified as a) 3-hydroxy-2,6-DAT, b) 4-hydroxy-2-acetylamino-6-aminotoluene, c) 2-acetylamino-6-aminotoluene, and d) 2,6-di(acetylamino)-toluene.
(11) Thus chronic toluene inhalation even at small concentrations changes hypothalamic reactivity in response to stress and hormonal stimuli.
(12) The coefficient to the complex action of carbon oxide and heating microclimate is equal to 2.5 and toluene++ and heating microclimate to 1.9.
(13) Expired carbon dioxide (CO2), the most sensitive index, displayed an inverted U-shaped concentration-effect curve, which increased at 100 ppm (the TLV) and decreased at 4500 ppm toluene.
(14) The paint base consisted primarily of toluene and methyl ethyl ketone.
(15) As organic solvents, 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCE), trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, m-xylene and trichloro-trifluoroethane (FC-113) were used in this study.
(16) There was a negative association between blood toluene and plasma levels of prolactin.
(17) Ethanol-withdrawn animals displayed an increased sensitivity to the narcotic action of toluene.
(18) One possibility is that early synaptic alterations resulting from toluene exposure may be preceded by increases in outer membrane fluidity.
(19) In experiments in vitro, neither benzene, toluene nor xylene changed the number of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) or the number of chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes.
(20) Benzene toluene, styrene, 1,1,1-trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene are taken as examples of solvents showing various toxicokinetic properties.