(a.) Having two sides; arranged upon two sides; affecting two sides or two parties.
(a.) Of or pertaining to the two sides of a central area or organ, or of a central axis; as, bilateral symmetry in animals, where there is a similarity of parts on the right and left sides of the body.
Example Sentences:
(1) Bilateral symmetric soft-tissue masses posterior to the glandular tissue with accompanying calcifications should suggest the diagnosis.
(2) These patients had undergone selective and bilateral simultaneous IPS sampling for diagnostic purposes or for neurosurgical indications.
(3) Two cases are presented of bilateral ureteral obstruction and uremia due to pressure from nodes involved in disseminated lymphoma.
(4) Most of these patients had undergone hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy.
(5) Histopathological studies confirmed that mice fed 933cu-rev died from bilateral renal cortical tubular necrosis consistent with toxic insult, perhaps due to Shiga-like toxins.
(6) We describe 10 patients with cerebral venous thrombosis: two had protein S deficiency, one had protein C deficiency, one was in early pregnancy, and there was a single case of each of the following: dural arteriovenous malformation, intracerebral arteriovenous malformation, bilateral glomus tumours, systemic lupus erythematosus, Wegener's granulomatosis, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
(7) A constellation of histologic lesions was identified in brain (diffuse meningoencephalitis with bilaterally symmetrical thalamic necrosis), liver (pericholangiohepatitis), lung (pneumonitis), and spleen (lymphoid hyperplasia); this tetrad is apparently unique to this model system.
(8) The H reflex response was found in the anterior tibialis muscle, at least unilaterally if not bilaterally, in eight of nine subjects with Huntington disease and in five of eight persons at risk.
(9) This article presents the case of bilateral absent maxillary permanent molars with severe oligodontia and no other abnormalities.
(10) These findings suggest that conditioned circling is mediated by a bilateral involvement of the mesotelencephalic dopaminergic systems.
(11) The effect of Y-516 on the hyperactivity induced by dopamine injected bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens was compared with those of clocapramine (CCP), haloperidol (HPD) and chlorpromazine (CPZ).
(12) Among the epileptic patients investigated by the stereotactic E. E. G. (Talairach) whose electrodes were introduced at or around the auditory cortex (Area 41, 42), the topography of the auditory responses by the electrical bipolar stimulation and that of the auditory evoked potential by the bilateral click sound stimulation were studied in relation to the ac--pc line (Talairach).
(13) The same dose of clonidine evoked a much larger drop in blood pressure in another group of rats in which an equialent increase in blood pressure was produced by bilateral section of the vagosympathetic trunks and occlusion of both carotid arteries.
(14) Radio-iron utilization was nearly normal in these patients, only bilateral nephrectomized patients showed a reduced radio-iron utilization.
(15) Most of the bilateral lung lesions were removed through a median sternotomy so as to avoid staged bilateral thoracotomy.
(16) A therapeutic approach is suggested which emphasizes specific antibiotic regimens appropriate to the primary site of infection and prompt neurosurgical intervention with evacuation of the subdural spaces bilaterally.
(17) A 56-year-old man was admitted because of left facial palsy and hearing loss of bilateral ears.
(18) This early elevation in IOP was significantly more pronounced in bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomized (BG) rabbits.
(19) Before this report of 2 cases there were 22 cases of asynchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma in Japanese literature.
(20) A high index of suspicion of bilateral tumors and a thorough work-up resulted in the early diagnosis of small tumors.
Rale
Definition:
(n.) An adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal respiratory sounds. See Rhonchus.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dyspnea was the principal complaint, and fine rales were common.
(2) The methodology revealed that the network used the presence of ECG findings, as well as the presence of rales, syncope, jugular venous distension, response to trinitroglycerin, and nausea and vomiting, as major predictive sources.
(3) Several variables were significantly (p less than 0.05) more common in the VT group: age older than 60 years, previous AMI, history of angina pectoris, occurrence of VT or ventricular fibrillation in the coronary care unit, left ventricular ejection fraction less than 30%, rales greater than bibasilar in the coronary care unit, and use of antiarrhythmic drugs, digitalis or diuretics at the time of discharge from hospital.
(4) Physically, the patient appeared lethargic, and breathing sounds revealed diffuse rales and wheezing.
(5) Many authors feel the need to qualify "rales": sixteen descriptive adjectives were encountered.
(6) The patient was successfully treated with diuretics and nitrates but on the fifth hospital day moist rales were noted over the entire lung field.
(7) Examples are reported of clinical cases confirming the difficulties of diagnosis of recurring form of thromboembolism of the minor pulmonary artery branches and the following leading signs of the disease are singled out: elevation of the temperature, tachy- and orthopnea, prolonged retrosternal pain, crepitation and moist rales over the lungs, inversion of the T-wave and depression of the ST segment in the right thoracic leads.
(8) These cases involved elderly patients with progressive dyspnea and nonproductive cough, bilateral dry crackling rales, bilateral interstitial infiltrates evident on a chest roentgenogram, and restrictive findings on pulmonary function testing.
(9) An "obstructive element" is based on the presence of clinical signs like cough, wheezing and rales.
(10) After receiving cow's milk containing formula he presented with fever, tachypnea, diffuse rales and crepitations over both lungs.
(11) Clinical findings included fever (greater than or equal to 38 degrees C) (88%), rhinorrhea (62.6%), cough (50%), otitis (50%), rhonchi (42%), vomiting (38%), diarrhea (33%), rales (21%), pharyngitis (13%) and croup (4%).
(12) Chest examination revealed rales over the bilateral chest.
(13) There was a higher frequency of cough and rales and a small decrease in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one sec among the grain handlers, as compared to the civic workers matched for smoking.
(14) The following features were significantly associated with a bacterial etiology: age over 30 years, alcoholism, concomitant neoplasm, cough, coma, pulmonary rales, new neurological signs or petechia.
(15) Generalized lymphadenopathy and some rales over both lung bases were noted and a chest radiograph showed bilateral nodular lesions.
(16) In the absence of an obvious predisposition, the abrupt onset of a self-limited illness characterized by dyspnea, cyanosis, and low-grade fever associated with diffuse rales, hypoxemia, and alveolar infiltrates in dependent lobes should suggest aspiration.
(17) Significant correlations were observed between rales, the radiological score, some functional indices and the characteristics of fibrosis.
(18) Decreased breath sounds over affected lung areas were often the only findings on auscultation; find rales, rhonchi or dullness on percussion were less often heard.
(19) Findings occurring significantly more often (P less than or equal to .001) among cases than controls included pleuritic chest pain; acute sinus tenderness, and nasal discharge, epistaxis and eschar; rales; development of multilobar infiltrates after the 14th hospital day; and presence of nodular or cavitary infiltrates.
(20) Of 22 patients with the classical clinical signs of pulmonary oedema (orthopnoe, cyanosis, sweating and rales heard at a distance) 15 (Group A) were observed clinically, while seven (Group B) underwent haemodynamic studies.