(n.) A yellow, or greenish, viscid fluid, usually alkaline in reaction, secreted by the liver. It passes into the intestines, where it aids in the digestive process. Its characteristic constituents are the bile salts, and coloring matters.
(n.) Bitterness of feeling; choler; anger; ill humor; as, to stir one's bile.
(n.) A boil.
Example Sentences:
(1) Ursodeoxycholate was the only dihydroxy bile salt which was able to solubilize phospholipid (although not cholesterol) below the critical micellar concentration.
(2) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography failed to demonstrate any bile ducts in the right postero-lateral segments of the liver, the "naked segment sign".
(3) Aside from these characteristic findings of HCC, it was important to reveal the following features for the diagnosis of well differentiated type of small HCC: variable thickening or distortion of trabecular structure in association with nuclear crowding, acinar formation, selective cytoplasmic accumulation of Mallory bodies, nuclear abnormalities consisting of thickening of nucleolus, hepatic cords in close contact with bile ducts or blood vessels, and hepatocytes growing in a fibrous environment.
(4) However, there was not a relationship between the contraction curve of the gallbladder and the bile flow into the duodenum.
(5) Metabolites of nafiverine in blood, bile, and urine were determined quantitatively.
(6) No methionine-enkephalin-positive nerves could be detected in the common bile duct, pancreatic duct or gallbladder.
(7) The most serious complications following operative treatment are retained bile duct calculi (2.8%), wound infection and biliary fistulae.
(8) Based on similarities in elution time, the metabolites of [35S]PTU in urine closely resembled those in bile of rats.
(9) Endoscopic papillotomy was performed which resulted in a polypoid tumour delivering itself into the wound followed by a free flow of bile.
(10) Pure bile gave 32 correct diagnoses (67%) and 14 diagnoses of inadequate material (29%), which contained few nondegenerated cells and made microscopic diagnosis unreliable.
(11) Mixed micelles of bile salt and phospholipids inhibit the lipase-colipase-catalysed hydrolysis of triacylglycerols.
(12) Bile flow was stimulated significantly by VPA and MCCA, but not by CCA; changes in bile flow correlated with the biliary excretion rate of base-labile conjugates rather than with excretion of the parent compounds themselves.
(13) These early hyperplastic lesions revealed stellate-shaped dilated bile canaliculi lined by blebs and abnormally thick elongated microvilli, a decreased number of microvilli on the sinusoidal surface, a marked increase in smooth endoplasmic reticulum, large nucleoli, and bundles of pericanalicular microfilaments.
(14) No 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and only a trace of 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity could be demonstrated when bile acid was deleted from the growth medium.
(15) This may be the reason that the renal contrast materials are poorly escreted in bile compared to the biliary contrast agents.
(16) The major lipase in human milk is dependent on bile salts for activity and probably participates in intestinal digestion of milk lipids in the newborn.
(17) A lesser inhibitory effect (a decrease in the rate of precipitation) was observed when gallbladder bile was diluted but was lost after 10-fold dilution.
(18) The strain was resistant to bile salts in TCBS medium and demonstrated several properties from a borderline of two Vibrio and Aeromonas species.
(19) Concentration of indoxyl sulfate in bile of a uremic rat was much lower than that in the uremic serum, suggesting that the adsorption of indoxyl sulfate in intestine is not a major mechanism of decreasing the serum concentration of indoxyl sulfate.
(20) Despite the fact that peak serum levels of cefazolin were 1.5 times those of cefamandole, levels in bile of cefamandole were about 8 times those of cefazolin.
Jaundice
Definition:
(n.) A morbid condition, characterized by yellowness of the eyes, skin, and urine, whiteness of the faeces, constipation, uneasiness in the region of the stomach, loss of appetite, and general languor and lassitude. It is caused usually by obstruction of the biliary passages and consequent damming up, in the liver, of the bile, which is then absorbed into the blood.
(v. t.) To affect with jaundice; to color by prejudice or envy; to prejudice.
Example Sentences:
(1) In a random sample of 1,000 neonates from a Delhi Hospital the incidence of jaundice was 53% and of hyperbilirubinaemia (HB) 6%.
(2) Diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with complicated forms of the disease helps in identifying the cause of jaundice before the operation.
(3) The observed changed indicate that the hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice that develop in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency with lobar pneumonia are caused partly by hemolysis and partly by intrahepatic cholestasis.
(4) All of them had fever, jaundice, abdominal pain, leucocytosis and deranged liver function while 26.6% were in shock, 13.3% in coma and 40% in azotaemia.
(5) However six equivocal studies were observed in profoundly jaundiced patients with bilirubin levels above 400 mumol l-1 due to difficulties in differentiating extrahepatic obstruction from severe intrahepatic cholestasis.
(6) Abnormal lipoprotein (LP-X) represents a specific parameter for the presence of obstructive jaundice in the adult.
(7) An 18 yr old previously well male Taiwanese was admitted with malaise, anorexia, and jaundice for two weeks.
(8) We describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed hypersensitivity after 3 weeks of therapy with azathioprine with fever, jaundice and renal insufficiency.
(9) Three patients had a severe form: jaundice was intense, serum aminotransferase levels were markedly increased, jaundice persisted for 3 to 6 months, and liver tests were still abnormal 7 to 27 months after the onset of hepatitis.
(10) Binaural difference waves (BDWs), obtained by subtracting the sum of two monaural BAEPs from a binaural BAEP, were obtained in 16- to 20-day-old jaundiced Gunn rats before and after injection of sulfadimethoxine, which produces bilirubin neurotoxicity by promoting net transfer of bilirubin out of the circulation into brain tissue.
(11) A computer system for probabilistic diagnosis of jaundice was tested on a patient sample from a geographical area different from that for which it was first constructed.
(12) The rapidity of obtaining the results (within one hour), the complete absence of untoward reactions to the radiopharmaceuticals, the much lower frequency of subtle or indeterminate results, the ability to render useful information in the presence of moderate jaundice and the lack of interference from overlying intestinal contents establishes these radionuclide agents as superior to both radiographic oral and intravenous cholangiography in the investigation of the acute abdomen.
(13) Following this combination procedure the patients were relieved completely of obstructive jaundice and right upper quadrant pain, leaving only small trocar insertion scars made during the short course of hospitalization.
(14) Significant results in the treated neonates are as follows: a lesser intensity of jaundice from the 48th hour of treatment; a lesser need for repeated bilirubinemia assay for the control of evolution and a lesser use of phototherapy if the serum concentration of clofibric acid is above or equal to the 140 micrograms therapeutic level before the 24th hour of treatment.
(15) Our data confirm the poorer short-term orientation performance of jaundiced infants treated with phototherapy but do not indicate that covering the eyes with an opaque screen improves behavioral organization.
(16) One hundred eighty-eight asymptomatic addicts were studied to determine the frequency of a history of hepatitis (previous episodes of jaundice), abnormalities of liver tests (serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, serum albumin, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase) and incidence of HB-Ag and HB-Ab.
(17) Between December 1988 and April 1991 we treated 35 patients (32 with malignant obstructive jaundice) by 50 self-expandable endoprostheses.
(18) Both patients and experimental animals with obstructive jaundice manifest vascular instability, with animals showing a blunted vascular response to norepinephrine (NE).
(19) The Pearson correlations between serum bilirubin and jaundice meter measurements were .75 for meter 1 and .76 for meter 2.
(20) Traumatic hemobilia is commonly associated with cavitary injuries to the liver, and is classically characterized by a triad of findings: GI bleeding, biliary colic, and jaundice.