What's the difference between bilirubin and hematoidin?
Bilirubin
Definition:
(n.) A reddish yellow pigment present in human bile, and in that from carnivorous and herbivorous animals; the normal biliary pigment.
Example Sentences:
(1) The statistical T value calculated for the LP-TAE group showed that the administration of LP, the tumor size, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein infiltration, and serum total bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected the patients' survival.
(2) Urinalysis revealed a low pH, increased ketones and bilirubin excretion, dark yellowish change in color, the appearance of "leaflet-shaped" crystals and increased red blood cells and epithelial cells in the urinary sediment, increased water intake, decreased specific gravity and decreased sodium, potassium and chloride in the urine.
(3) The following alterations in liver function tests are associated with phenytoin hepatotoxicity: elevations in serum aminotransferases, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and prothrombin time.
(4) During photoirradiation, both in vivo and in vitro, the serum polar (ZE)-bilirubin IX alpha concentration increased remarkably, but unbound-bilirubin values were not affected at all.
(5) When this constraint was released by various treatments altering membrane structure UDP-glucose markedly inhibited bilirubin glucuronidation.
(6) However six equivocal studies were observed in profoundly jaundiced patients with bilirubin levels above 400 mumol l-1 due to difficulties in differentiating extrahepatic obstruction from severe intrahepatic cholestasis.
(7) It is hypothesized that deposition of bilirubin in tissues takes place as an ongoing event, the deposited pigment being eliminated by bilirubin oxidase in healthy infants.
(8) Homogenates of these cells in chloroform-methanol solution showed an identical absorption spectrum with pure bilirubin dissolved in the same solution.
(9) After 5 days, the haemolysis increases without a corresponding enhancement in the formation of bilirubin.
(10) Serum unbound bilirubin concentrations (UBC) and serum total bilirubin concentrations (TBC) were measured serially in 138 low birthweight (LBW) infants treated with phototherapy for non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia.
(11) Hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal (CAC) produces low removal rates due to the strong binding of bilirubin to albumin.
(12) Carbon adsorbents synthesized for the elimination of bilirubin from protein-containing solutions can also be called deliganding adsorbents, since under some experimental conditions they eliminate other protein-bound ligands, viz.
(13) Serum levels of the 7S domain of type IV collagen in the paired sera of eight patients with asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis (mean interval 30 months, range 12-48 months) showed significant rises during the intervals (P < 0.05), while serum levels of albumin and total bilirubin did not change significantly during these intervals.
(14) Bilirubin, prothrombin time, haemoglobin and blood sedimentation rate are of very little value.
(15) Binaural difference waves (BDWs), obtained by subtracting the sum of two monaural BAEPs from a binaural BAEP, were obtained in 16- to 20-day-old jaundiced Gunn rats before and after injection of sulfadimethoxine, which produces bilirubin neurotoxicity by promoting net transfer of bilirubin out of the circulation into brain tissue.
(16) Unconjugated bilirubin visibly accumulated in the interstitium of the renal papillary tip.
(17) Changes in the total bilirubin similar to those in cows with ketosis were established also in cows subjected to starvation, substantiated by the adequate rise of the free and the bound fraction.
(18) Hyperbilirubinaemia in newborn infants is generally regarded as a problem, and bilirubin itself as toxic metabolic waste, but the high frequency in newborn infants suggests that the excess of neonatal bilirubin may have a positive function.
(19) Benefit was obtained by ten of the former and seven of the latter patients, while in eight the serum bilirubin did not fall despite adequate catheterization.
(20) It was shown that indocyanin green (ICG) test, prothrombin time (PT), lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), gamma-globulin, age of patients and total bilirubin appeared to be important factors to discriminate the subjected patients into two groups.
Hematoidin
Definition:
(n.) A crystalline or amorphous pigment, free from iron, formed from hematin in old blood stains, and in old hemorrhages in the body. It resembles bilirubin. When present in the corpora lutea it is called haemolutein.
Example Sentences:
(1) A second, nonferruginous, bilirubin-like pigment (hematoidin) was present in the matrix at the surface of the cartilage in two specimens.
(2) The appearance of macrophages and their distribution as well as their content of neutral fat, esterified cholesterol, erythrocytes, siderin, hematoidin, and ceroid were correlated with the survival period.
(3) The lesion must be considered primarily traumatic because of the brain-stem symptoms which appeared immediately after the accident (immediate unconsciousness, extension spasms, miosis) the macroscopic and histological findings (proliferation around the hemorrhage, hematoidin in the centre of the hemorrhage) and the biomechanical circumstances (impact on the occiput).
(4) The malignant histiocytoma is morphologically characterized by the storiform pattern of interlacing spindle cell bundles and functionally by the phagocytosis of lipids, glycogen, hemosiderin and hematoidin.
(5) In addition to these findings, regressing corpora lutei (two cases) contained macrophages with yellow hematoidin pigment.
(6) The presence of hematoidin crystals is not an uncommon finding in cytologic specimens, particularly those obtained by fine needle aspiration of walled-off, necrotizing lesions with a component of hemorrhage.
(7) In one patient, hematoidin crystals were identified lying in macrophage vacuoles.
(8) In the other 4 cases, golden brown rhomboid crystals with positive elongation appeared to be hematoidin, a degradation production of hemoglobin, which has been found in nonarticular areas of old hemorrhage.
(9) New, artifactual crystals, including alizarin red S-positive clumps or star-shaped arrays, plate-like structures, positively birefringent Maltese crosses, and hematoidin crystals, developed with time.
(10) Cervicovaginal smears obtained from two women, one at the 32nd week of pregnancy and the other at the immediate postpartum period, contained hematoidin crystals.
(11) Next the ligature the thrombus was composed mainly of erythrocytes and hematoidin-needles.
(12) Certain aspects of the formation and identity of hematoidin are discussed.
(13) Analysis of the stain demonstrated it to be hematoidin, a degradation compound derived from hemoglobin associated with old hemorrhage.