(n.) A tree of several species, constituting the genus Betula; as, the white or common birch (B. alba) (also called silver birch and lady birch); the dwarf birch (B. glandulosa); the paper or canoe birch (B. papyracea); the yellow birch (B. lutea); the black or cherry birch (B. lenta).
(n.) The wood or timber of the birch.
(n.) A birch twig or birch twigs, used for flogging.
(n.) A birch-bark canoe.
(a.) Of or pertaining to the birch; birchen.
(v. t.) To whip with a birch rod or twig; to flog.
Example Sentences:
(1) Sixty patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis due to birch pollen were enrolled in an open, randomized parallel group study.
(2) If the majority of relevant tree pollens are to be included in a diagnostic or therapeutic programme in Western Sweden it should contain birch, alder, hazel, beech and bog-myrtle allergens.
(3) Bet v I, the major birch pollen allergen, could be extracted easily from pollen, and in low amounts from callus and leaves.
(4) In the case of initially negative tests with positive second and third SPTs the incidence ranged between 3.2% (cat dander) and 4.3% (birch pollen) per year.
(5) The sera that did not detect the 15 kD bands in celery failed to react with both the 15 kD mugwort component and the 14 and 16 kD birch components.
(6) In previous experiments it was found that birch, beech, alder, hazel and oak are pollens with importance in pathogenesis of early pollinosis in our region of Central Europe.
(7) We conclude that in children with birch pollinosis oral immunotherapy with high doses of a biologically potent preparation in enteric-coated capsules is effective, easy to perform, economic and safe.
(8) The patients selected for study were subjects with a combined inhalant allergy to birch pollen and an oral allergy to apple fruit.
(9) In the same area, the birch pollen load was 2.8 times higher, which caused specific IgE in 10.5% as against 3.5% of the other group (P less than 0.01) as well as positive skin prick test in 9.0% as against 3.5% (P less than 0.05).
(10) Moreover, a major pollen allergen in birch (BetvI) has a 44% identity with PvPR1 proteins.
(11) It appears that screening for an IgE-mediated allergy can be performed with a limited number of skin tests (rye grass, timothy, birch, house dust mite and cat).
(12) RAST investigations on the sera of 27 patients suffering from celery allergy showed specific IgE to mugwort and birch in 15 cases; sensitization to mugwort or birch alone only occurred in 5 and 7 cases, respectively.
(13) Nine patients with strictly seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by birch pollen and five healthy nonatopic control subjects participated in the present study, which started 1 wk before the birch pollen season and continued throughout the entire pollen season.
(14) Of all positive RAST reactions observed, 74% were against the following allergens: horse and cat epithelium, birch and timothy pollen, and house dust.
(15) Thus 98% of atopic patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were detected by an allergen panel consisting of timothy, birch and mugwort.
(16) The sera selected were positive in the RAST for both birch pollen and fruits.
(17) Cross-incubations: birch pollen incubated with antibodies against hazel (Ab-CA), or alder (Ab-AI), showed various intensities of gold labelling for each of the three species.
(18) We have studied the influence of substance P (SP) on the proliferative response of concanavalin A (ConA)-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes from 16 birch pollen-allergic patients, sampled before and during the pollen season, and from 15 normal individuals.
(19) The beavers have felled most of the bankside birch, sycamore and other trees they like to eat and use for their dams.
(20) Nine asthmatic patients with an allergy to birch or timothy underwent bronchial allergen provocations on three different trial days, with intervals of 2 to 5 wk.
Larch
Definition:
(n.) A genus of coniferous trees, having deciduous leaves, in fascicles (see Illust. of Fascicle).
Example Sentences:
(1) The ash dieback fungus found in East Anglia last week is just the latest invader to pose a serious threat to UK trees, and government ecologists say that more than 3m larch trees as well as thousands of mature oaks and chestnuts have been felled in the past three years to prevent similar fatal plant diseases from spreading out of control.
(2) A beta-galactosyl-binding lectin was purified from the haemolymph of the clam Tridacna maxima by affinity chromatography using polylecyl larch galactan, D-galactosamine coupled to epoxy-activated Sepharose or acid-treated Sepharose.
(3) The monoclonal antibody cross-reacted with authentic tomato extensin, but not with potato lectin nor larch arabinogalactan.
(4) Many of the Bacteroides strains tested were also able to ferment a variety of plant polysaccharides, including amylose, dextran, pectin, gum tragacanth, gum guar, larch arabinogalactan, alginate, and laminarin.
(5) Less tasty species, like larch, left marooned in the flood, have simply toppled over, exposing great root bulbs, which, now, are slowly rotting.
(6) The paper presents the results of a 10-year study on waste water purification in forest soil, under conditions of lysimeters and in the field, using pine-, larch- and osier cultures.
(7) Lucy Jeynes is founding director of Larch Consulting , a specialist facilities management consultancy.
(8) The LH response in girls with precocious the larche was in the prepubertal range.
(9) It was early March and snow was still spattered on the leaf mould between the firs and larches.
(10) Three of the isolated strains utilized larch wood xylan.
(11) We must look a bedraggled mess when we arrive because lovely owners Elena and Roberto rush to dry us and warm us up, show us our cosy larch-floored room and give us drinks, and even the keys to their car, so that we can drive to the nearest restaurant still open, in Alagna.
(12) Three other polymers served as acceptors: beef lung galactan, Lymnaea stagnalis galactogen and arabinogalactan from larch wood.
(13) Using the antigen-antibody reaction in a competitive ELISA it was evident that antibodies against glycoproteins from Baptisia tinctoria were specific because none of the other antigens like those from Echinacea purpurea, Thuja occidentalis, arabinogalactan from larch, LPS from E. coli 055:B5, and from Salmonella typhimurium were able to inhibit the antigen-antibody reaction.
(14) In the established larch model system evidence was obtained for the first time of these oscillations which showed a dependence on both wavelength of the inducing light and the stage of the cell cycle.
(15) Visitors can gaze on stars, planets, meteors and satellites from the fir and larch decks of Barclay's pier-like structure.
(16) In the first series two, later three species at the same location and at the same time are compared (birch Betula pubescens L., oak Quercus robur Ehrh., larch Larix decidua Mill., and spruce Picea abies Karst).
(17) After the Chernobyl accident, the higher contamination of spruce greater than larch greater than sycamore maple is dependent on the roughness of bark, absolute bark surface and the existence of leaves during the deposition of Chernobyl-derived radioactivity.
(18) Addition of either DDT or the supernatant of a centrifuged liquid culture of Bacillus thuringiensis, serotype H1, containing beta-exotoxin, enhanced the action of the bacterial preparation Thuricide 90 T against larvae of the larch pest Zeiraphera diniana, increasing mortality from 53% to more than 80%.
(19) 20% of the translocated cesium into new leaves of larch and about 50% into sycamore maple resulted from root-uptake 2.5 years after the accident.
(20) When cellobiose, glucose, and xylose were tested as growth substrates for the production of xylanase (each initially at 2.5 mg ml-1), they were found to be less effective than xylan, and use of xylan from different origins (birch wood or larch wood) as the growth substrate or in the assay system resulted in only marginal differences in enzyme activity.