What's the difference between bivalency and bivalent?

Bivalency


Definition:

  • (n.) The quality of being bivalent.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Bivalent F(ab')(2) also retains its insulin-like effects.
  • (2) It could be demonstrated that equimolar doses of the bivalent alpha,N-(epsilon,N-DNP-aminocaproyl-)-epsilon,N-DNP-L-lysine and the multivalent dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin were equally effective in eliciting reactions in skin sites provided that a high affinity antibody was used for sensitization.
  • (3) The function of the other bivalent cations is unknown.
  • (4) We interpret these experiments in terms of a theory of equilibrium binding of bivalent haptens to cell surface antibody that is presented in the previous paper.
  • (5) Bivalent cations (Ca2+, UO2(2+) or Zn2+) in the subphase at pH 5.6 significantly modified the behaviour of mixed monolayers of fusogenic lipids with phospholipids; there was a parallel perturbing effect of fusogenic lipids on interactions between monolayers of phospholipids and bivalent cations.
  • (6) In continuation of the research on male human meiosis within the study of pachytene bivalents, results from the analysis of 125 cells are presented.
  • (7) These oocytes contain 6 distinct bivalent chromosomes in diakinesis.
  • (8) In meiotic prophase of spermatocytes, chromosomes 2 and 3 form pachytene-diplotene bivalents whose arms may be associated by chiasmata in postdiplotene stages, but the X, Y and fourth chromosomes participate in a complex multivalent.
  • (9) Experiments indicated that complement deposition altered functionally bivalent IgG3 antibody in the immune complex into a univalent one.
  • (10) Low melittin concentrations (1-2 mcM) increased in several times the rate of H+, K+, Na+ ions and Tris transport, in a lesser degree--bivalent ions and Cl- transport and did not affect the permeability for succrose.
  • (11) The first two opioid peptide bivalent ligands with different spacer lengths containing different numbers of hydroxyl groups, (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH-CH2-CHOH-)2 (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH-CH2-CHOH-CHOH-)2, were synthesized and their binding to mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors was characterized.
  • (12) The bivalent vaccine was completely attenuated for children.
  • (13) Bivalent cations such as Mg2+ and Zn2+ differentially affect their binding to oligonucleotides which contain the HIV-enhancer domain.
  • (14) The purified enzyme showed a pH optimum 8.5 (Tris-HCl buffer) and required bivalent cations for catalysis.
  • (15) A method of radioimmunoscintigraphy using bivalent "Janus" haptens with an apparent enhanced affinity ("avidity") for the antibody is described.
  • (16) Two monovalent CD3 antibodies with mixed heavy chain isotypes were very poor in lysis but, in contrast, a monovalent antibody possessing two identical rat gamma 2b heavy chains but two non-identical light chains was found to be more lytic with human complement than the parental bivalent CD3 antibody.
  • (17) It is concluded that reactive oxygen species, especially hydroxy radical, play a significant role on renal injury in bivalent hapten immune complex glomerulonephritis.
  • (18) Dissociation of the X-Y chromosome bivalent in diakinesis-metaphase I spermatocytes of adult mice was significantly more frequent in the CBA strain (29%) than in C57, KP, or KE strains (7-11%).
  • (19) It is suggested that bivalent ligand binding is required as a signal to elicit chemotactic locomotion.
  • (20) Results included the following: (1) lymphocyte stimulation responses to PHA and SPL were generally depressed in the CA patients versus controls; (2) incubation with indomethacin produced bivalent effects in both controls and CA patients, depending on the concentration of indomethacin and lymphocyte stimulant; incubation with optimum concentrations of indomethacin generally produced augmented responses in both study groups whereas high concentrations of indomethacin were suppressive; (3) the immune potentiating effects were not observed in older patients with advanced disease; and (4) removal of adherent leukocytes (mainly monocytes) also restored depressed lymphocyte responses.

Bivalent


Definition:

  • (p. pr.) Equivalent in combining or displacing power to two atoms of hydrogen; dyad.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Bivalent F(ab')(2) also retains its insulin-like effects.
  • (2) It could be demonstrated that equimolar doses of the bivalent alpha,N-(epsilon,N-DNP-aminocaproyl-)-epsilon,N-DNP-L-lysine and the multivalent dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin were equally effective in eliciting reactions in skin sites provided that a high affinity antibody was used for sensitization.
  • (3) The function of the other bivalent cations is unknown.
  • (4) We interpret these experiments in terms of a theory of equilibrium binding of bivalent haptens to cell surface antibody that is presented in the previous paper.
  • (5) Bivalent cations (Ca2+, UO2(2+) or Zn2+) in the subphase at pH 5.6 significantly modified the behaviour of mixed monolayers of fusogenic lipids with phospholipids; there was a parallel perturbing effect of fusogenic lipids on interactions between monolayers of phospholipids and bivalent cations.
  • (6) In continuation of the research on male human meiosis within the study of pachytene bivalents, results from the analysis of 125 cells are presented.
  • (7) These oocytes contain 6 distinct bivalent chromosomes in diakinesis.
  • (8) In meiotic prophase of spermatocytes, chromosomes 2 and 3 form pachytene-diplotene bivalents whose arms may be associated by chiasmata in postdiplotene stages, but the X, Y and fourth chromosomes participate in a complex multivalent.
  • (9) Experiments indicated that complement deposition altered functionally bivalent IgG3 antibody in the immune complex into a univalent one.
  • (10) Low melittin concentrations (1-2 mcM) increased in several times the rate of H+, K+, Na+ ions and Tris transport, in a lesser degree--bivalent ions and Cl- transport and did not affect the permeability for succrose.
  • (11) The first two opioid peptide bivalent ligands with different spacer lengths containing different numbers of hydroxyl groups, (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH-CH2-CHOH-)2 (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH-CH2-CHOH-CHOH-)2, were synthesized and their binding to mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors was characterized.
  • (12) The bivalent vaccine was completely attenuated for children.
  • (13) Bivalent cations such as Mg2+ and Zn2+ differentially affect their binding to oligonucleotides which contain the HIV-enhancer domain.
  • (14) The purified enzyme showed a pH optimum 8.5 (Tris-HCl buffer) and required bivalent cations for catalysis.
  • (15) A method of radioimmunoscintigraphy using bivalent "Janus" haptens with an apparent enhanced affinity ("avidity") for the antibody is described.
  • (16) Two monovalent CD3 antibodies with mixed heavy chain isotypes were very poor in lysis but, in contrast, a monovalent antibody possessing two identical rat gamma 2b heavy chains but two non-identical light chains was found to be more lytic with human complement than the parental bivalent CD3 antibody.
  • (17) It is concluded that reactive oxygen species, especially hydroxy radical, play a significant role on renal injury in bivalent hapten immune complex glomerulonephritis.
  • (18) Dissociation of the X-Y chromosome bivalent in diakinesis-metaphase I spermatocytes of adult mice was significantly more frequent in the CBA strain (29%) than in C57, KP, or KE strains (7-11%).
  • (19) It is suggested that bivalent ligand binding is required as a signal to elicit chemotactic locomotion.
  • (20) Results included the following: (1) lymphocyte stimulation responses to PHA and SPL were generally depressed in the CA patients versus controls; (2) incubation with indomethacin produced bivalent effects in both controls and CA patients, depending on the concentration of indomethacin and lymphocyte stimulant; incubation with optimum concentrations of indomethacin generally produced augmented responses in both study groups whereas high concentrations of indomethacin were suppressive; (3) the immune potentiating effects were not observed in older patients with advanced disease; and (4) removal of adherent leukocytes (mainly monocytes) also restored depressed lymphocyte responses.

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