(n.) A mollusk having a shell consisting of two lateral plates or valves joined together by an elastic ligament at the hinge, which is usually strengthened by prominences called teeth. The shell is closed by the contraction of two transverse muscles attached to the inner surface, as in the clam, -- or by one, as in the oyster. See Mollusca.
(n.) A pericarp in which the seed case opens or splits into two parts or valves.
(a.) Having two shells or valves which open and shut, as the oyster and certain seed vessels.
Example Sentences:
(1) Start your exploring at Bearreraig Bay, where, if you are lucky, you may find belemnites, ammonites and bivalves.
(2) To compare biochemical differences between bivalves with and without endosymbiotic chemoautotrophic bacteria, specimens of Solemya velum, a bivalve species known to contain bacterial endosymbionts, and the symbiont-free soft-shelled clam Mya arenaria, were collected from the same subtidal reducing sediments during October and November 1988.
(3) We have demonstrated that M. edulis, a marine bivalve mollusc, reacts to the vertebrate monokines interleukin-1, -6 and TNF.
(4) Total neutral and acidic glycosphingolipids were prepared from whole tissues of the sea-water bivalve, Meretrix lusoria, and the former preparation was further fractionated into subgroups by silicic acid column chromatography.
(5) The development of microparticulate food particles for marine suspension-feeders is discussed with respect to the difficulties of nutrient delivery in the aquatic environment and to feeding and digestion in crustacea and bivalve molluscs.
(6) Attempts to introduce infectious or foreign material into oysters and other bivalve mollusks usually involve force or trauma because of immediate, prolonged adduction of the tightly closing valves.
(7) This observation, together with the finding that the oyster shell has a strong affinity for virus, suggests that surface properties, rather than size, are the principal factors governing the accumulation of viruses by filter-feeding marine bivalves.
(8) Chromatin organization in the sperm of the bivalve mollusks results from the interaction between a discrete number of protamine-like proteins (PL) and DNA.
(9) There was the doll's house-sized two-pronged fork, and the bivalves themselves, pale and ivory against the silvered shell.
(10) Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus of fish, infectious bursal disease virus of chickens, Tellina virus and oyster virus of bivalve molluscs, and drosophila X virus of Drosophila melanogaster are naked icosahedral viruses with an electron microscopic diameter of 58 to 60 nm.
(11) The control measures consisted of the prohibition of the harvest and sale of all bivalve mollusks as well as a public warning to avoid the consumption of such shellfish.
(12) The ultrastructural morphology of peripheral neurons and associated structures in the bivalve mollusc.
(13) In 6 male baboons, the left kidney was bivalved and repaired using a fibrin adhesive (group A) or conventional suturing (group B).
(14) There are various types of photoproteins: the photoproteins of coelenterates, ctenophores and radiolarians require Ca2+ to trigger their luminescence; the photoproteins of the bivalve Pholas and of the scale worm appear to involve superoxide radicals and O2 in their light-emitting reactions; the photoprotein of euphausiid shrimps emits light only in the presence of a special fluorescent compound; the photoprotein of the millipede Luminodesmus, the only known example of terrestrial origin, requires ATP and Mg2+ to emit light.
(15) Most progress is being made in relation to lethal blood mutant neoplasms in Drosophila, leukaemias of farmed salmonids among the fishes, and among shellfish, the hemic sarcomas of bivalves.
(16) Distribution of MlOse4Cer and MlXOse5Cer in various bivalve and snail glycolipid extracts were screened in thin-layer immunobinding assays by using this purified specific antibody.
(17) In the haemolymph of the Tridacnid bivalve clams anti-galactans occur which do not have only glycosubstance precipitating and cell agglutinating properties, but also show mitogenic activity with respect to the blast transformation of human peripheral lymphocytes.
(18) The pericardial glands of three bivalve molluscs are composed of convoluted epithelium that appears as pouches on the auricles of Mytilus and as tubules in the connective tissue at the anterior-lateral sides of the pericardial cavity of Mercenaria and Anodonta.
(19) Four biotypes and five antigenic types of bacteria, pathogenic for the larvae of five species of bivalve mollusks, were isolated and described in some detail.
(20) Laboratory toxicity tests performed on the bivalve Cerastoderma edule submitted to sublethal concentrations of paper mill effluent revealed significant decreases of adenylate energy charge (AEC), and changes in the total adenylate pool were observed in a 24-hr period even for the lowest concentration of pollutant tested.
Pedicle
Definition:
(n.) Same as Pedicel.
Example Sentences:
(1) 14 patients with painful neuroma, skin hyperesthesia or neuralgic rest pain were followed up (mean 20 months) after excision of skin and scar, neurolysis and coverage with pedicled or free flaps.
(2) But, we found that the Roux-Y type bypass operation using the pedicled jejumun was a safe and uninvasive procedure for a patient with high risk.
(3) Previous work has shown that corticocancellous bone chips placed in a titanium chamber with an arteriovenous vascular pedicle will result in a pre-formed vascularized bone graft.
(4) Our results show that stenosis of about one-third of the original external diameter of the artery and vein of the pedicle in our model did not have any significant influence on the survival of the flap and ligation of the femoral artery distal to the branch to the flap did not produce any statistical difference in the viability of the flap.
(5) The labia minora as a pedicle graft avoids the problems encountered by conventional methods.
(6) The general tendency of gradual CBF reduction from the pedicle to the distal end of all the flaps was observed.
(7) Congenital defect of a cervical pedicle produces a rare clinical syndrome with a characteristic X-ray picture associated with vague clinical signs often accentuated after trauma.
(8) The difference from the Hughes flap is that the blood supply is maintained through two tubed pedicles of conjunctiva and Muller's muscle, rather than an apron of conjunctiva.
(9) The pedicle screw systems were always the most rigid.
(10) The ability to transfer comparable local skin can be enhanced by the use of the subcutaneous island pedicle flap.
(11) Anterior transposition of the cervical pedicles and fixation of the myometrium to the anterior vagina ensure that the fitting is solid and in the correct direction.
(12) Within a few weeks sufficient neovascularisation developed to support free transfer of the flaps based on the implanted vein graft pedicle.
(13) Eleven cases are reported of island flaps containing only venous pedicles.
(14) While our experience with this technique is limited, it would appear that the neuromuscular pedicle transfer may play a useful adjunctive role in reanimation of the face in selective cases of facial paralysis.
(15) The injured vertebra is grafted through the pedicle, giving security against late collapse after device removal.
(16) When used as a vascular island flap, either a distal pedicle or a proximal pedicle can be used.
(17) A Spinal Pedicle Finder (S.P.F) has been designed for transpedicular screws and a prototype has been completed.
(18) Biopsy specimens from 38 "de-epithelized" dermal pedicles were examined microscopically.
(19) Five male cadavers were used to evaluate anatomically structures at risk using sacral pedicle screw fixation.
(20) Accordingly, in this group, thoracic tracheal defects were reconstructed by this combined Marlex mesh and pedicled muscle flap.