(n.) The material organized substance of an animal, whether living or dead, as distinguished from the spirit, or vital principle; the physical person.
(n.) The trunk, or main part, of a person or animal, as distinguished from the limbs and head; the main, central, or principal part, as of a tree, army, country, etc.
(n.) The real, as opposed to the symbolical; the substance, as opposed to the shadow.
(n.) A person; a human being; -- frequently in composition; as, anybody, nobody.
(n.) A number of individuals spoken of collectively, usually as united by some common tie, or as organized for some purpose; a collective whole or totality; a corporation; as, a legislative body; a clerical body.
(n.) A number of things or particulars embodied in a system; a general collection; as, a great body of facts; a body of laws or of divinity.
(n.) Any mass or portion of matter; any substance distinct from others; as, a metallic body; a moving body; an aeriform body.
(n.) Amount; quantity; extent.
(n.) That part of a garment covering the body, as distinguished from the parts covering the limbs.
(n.) The bed or box of a vehicle, on or in which the load is placed; as, a wagon body; a cart body.
(n.) The shank of a type, or the depth of the shank (by which the size is indicated); as, a nonpareil face on an agate body.
(n.) A figure that has length, breadth, and thickness; any solid figure.
(n.) Consistency; thickness; substance; strength; as, this color has body; wine of a good body.
(v. t.) To furnish with, or as with, a body; to produce in definite shape; to embody.
Example Sentences:
(1) A progressively more precise approach to identifying affected individuals involves measuring body weight and height, then energy intake (or expenditure) and finally the basal metabolic rate (BMR).
(2) After 55 days of unrestricted food availability the body weight of the neonatally deprived rats was approximately 15% lower than that of the controls.
(3) Since 1987, it has become possible to obtain immature ova from the living animal and to let them mature, fertilize and develop into embryos capable of transplantation outside the body.
(4) This effect was more marked in breast cancer patients which may explain our earlier finding that women with upper body fat localization are at increased risk for developing breast cancer.
(5) No associations were found between sex, body-weight, smoking habits, age, urine volume or urine pH and the O-demethylation of codeine.
(6) The lesion (10.6 X 9.8 mm) was a well-defined ellipsoid granuloma due to a foreign body with a central zone of necrosis surrounded entirely by a fibrous wall.
(7) But the sports minister has been clear that too many sports bodies are currently not delivering in bringing new people from all backgrounds to their sport.
(8) The 40 degrees C heating induced an increase in systolic, diastolic, average and pulse pressure at rectal temperature raised to 40 degrees C. Further growth of the body temperature was accompanied by a decrease in the above parameters.
(9) Plain radiographs should be the initial screening modality for a suspected foreign body.
(10) To estimate the age of onset of these differences, and to assess their relationship to abdominal and gluteal adipocyte size, we measured adiposity, adipocyte size, and glucose and insulin concentrations during a glucose tolerance test in lean (less than 20% body fat), prepubertal children from each race.
(11) The groups were matched with regard to sex, age and body mass index.
(12) The time for 90% of this change in VelCO2 to occur (T90) was measured as an index of the rate of correction of body CO2 imbalance.
(13) Aside from these characteristic findings of HCC, it was important to reveal the following features for the diagnosis of well differentiated type of small HCC: variable thickening or distortion of trabecular structure in association with nuclear crowding, acinar formation, selective cytoplasmic accumulation of Mallory bodies, nuclear abnormalities consisting of thickening of nucleolus, hepatic cords in close contact with bile ducts or blood vessels, and hepatocytes growing in a fibrous environment.
(14) There were significant differences in the body weight of control and undernourished rats in each experiment.
(15) In the triploids, the 40 female chromosomes present (mouse, n = 20) were derived from a single diploid pronucleus formed after the extrusion of a first polar body, and following the monospermic fertilization of primary oocytes.
(16) The BMDs of the DM-HD group were lower in these areas and whole body than that in the non-DM,HD group.
(17) Our results show that large complex lipid bodies and extensive accumulations of glycogen are valuable indicators of a functionally suppressed chief cell in atrophic parathyroid glands.
(18) Abruptly changing cows from one feeding system to another did not influence milk yield, milk composition, or body weight gain.
(19) This suggests that molars do not maintain a fixed relationship to incisors over time, and extreme care must be taken to standardize an experiment to a specific body weight when using this method.
(20) Our previous study demonstrated that acupuncture increased pain threshold of the body, especially in the inflammatory area.
Fumarate
Definition:
(n.) A salt of fumaric acid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Malonate, at a concentration that was not totally growth-inhibitory (1mM) prevented the inhibition of acetate-stimulated isocitrate lyase synthesis by succinate, but fumarate still inhibited in the presence of malonate.
(2) Insertion of the fusion-generating phage Mud1 (Ap, lacZ) yielded two similar isolates, DC511 and DC512, which were unable to grow aerobically on acetate or alpha-ketoglutarate but which could use succinate, malate, fumarate, glycerol, and various sugars.
(3) Expression of galactokinase from the frd promoter-galK operon fusion plasmid was repressed by oxygen and by nitrate and was induced by fumarate, indicating that frd gene expression is regulated at the transcriptional level by these terminal electron acceptors.
(4) Glucose appears to be an adequate substrate for stria in vitro since glutamate, pyruvate, and fumarate did not increase the respiratory rate.
(5) Uptake of fumarate and malate, which share the succinate-transport system, is also accompanied by the uptake of approximately two protons per molecule of fumarate or malate.
(6) Pigs weaned at 21 d of age (n = 72) were fed a 20% CP corn-soybean meal-based diet (control) with 1.5% fumaric or 1.5% citric acid added to observe the effect of these acids on the pH, chloride ion concentration (Cl-), VFA profile, and microflora population in the stomach, jejunum, cecum, and lower colon contents at -2, 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21 d postweaning.
(7) One ATP is produced for each pair of electrons transferred to fumarate.
(8) Mutants lacking the membrane-associated Mg2+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase cannot grow anaerobically on glycerol with fumarate as the hydrogen acceptor, although they can grow aerobically on glycerol alone.
(9) This strain lacked a chromosomal frd operon and was unable to grow anaerobically on glycerol and fumarate.
(10) A b-type cytochrome, possibly a c-type cytochrome, and a very active fumarate reductase were present in the cells.
(11) In these models, a 1-week treatment period with repirinast, like other oral antiallergic asthma medications (e.g., ketotifen, fumarate), provides no protection against airway responses to methacholine or allergen.
(12) The induction of fumarate-dependent electron transport in B. fragilis is associated with some aminoglycoside transport that is of poor efficiency relative to bacteria with electron transport to oxygen or nitrate.
(13) This oxidation in cells grown anaerobically in a glucose minimal medium is linked via menaquinone to the fumarate reductase enzyme coded for by the frd gene and is independent of the cytochromes.
(14) Uptake rates of 0.1 mM citrate and alpha-ketoglutarate were inhibited by greater than 90% by 10 mM succinate, malate, fumarate, or oxaloacetate, indicating the presence in the brush border membrane of a transport system highly specialized for the renal conservation of intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
(15) FrdC was found to be homologous with the cytochrome b (SdhC) of the Bacillus subtilis succinate dehydrogenase, but not with the hydrophobic subunits of the fumarate reductase or succinate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli.
(16) The specific activity of pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, malate dehydrogenase, fumarate reductase, and transcarboxylase varied significantly in cells grown on different energy sources.
(17) Fumarate hydratase activity also decreased but alcohol dehydrogenase and the sum of the succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase activities increased when residual O2 was removed from the sparging gas.
(18) Membrane vesicles isolated from Bacillus subtilis W23 catalyze active transport of the C4 dicarboxylic acids L-malate, fumarate, and succinate under aerobic conditions in the presence of the electron donor reduced beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or the non-physiological electron donor system ascorbate-phenazine methosulfate.
(19) The coupling enzymes, fumarase (fumarate to L-malate) and malic enzyme (L-malate to pyruvate and NADPH), are adsorbed to nitrocellulose prior to blotting.
(20) The Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum velocities (Vmax) for fumarate reduction and succinate oxidation by the tissue homogenates from the three species were determined.