(a.) Spurious; fictitious; sham; -- a cant term originally applied to counterfeit coin, and hence denoting anything counterfeit.
(n.) A liquor made of rum and molasses.
Example Sentences:
(1) Bill Shorten has told the union royal commission he would “never be a party to issuing bogus invoices” as he rejected assertions that payments from employers to the Australia Workers’ Union created conflicts of interest during wage negotiations.
(2) Specifically, 24 high-self-disclosing subjects and 24 low-self-disclosing subjects were presented with four bogus inventories manipulated on the variables of agreement in content and amount of disclosure.
(3) Some couriers, too, are fighting back, staging public protests and preparing legal challenges in employment tribunals over whether their self-employed status – which denies them the right to the minimum wage and holiday pay – is, in fact, bogus.
(4) The report of the inquiry, which helped bring down the Irish government of the day, found fraud and serious illegality in Goodman's companies in the 1980s that had involved not just the faking of documents, but also the commissioning of bogus official stamps, including those of other countries, to misclassify carcasses; passing off of inferior beef trimmings as higher-grade meat; cheating of customs officers; and institutionalised tax evasion.
(5) Subjects were asked to indicate their attitudes toward various nations after having received various bogus information about how they responded physiologically to the stimuli.
(6) The rush to make a new offer on devolution, promised within hours of publication of the shock poll result on Sunday, triggered accusations of panic and bogus bribes.
(7) For example, a bogus branded customer care account may direct fans to a bogus web site to reset their password as part of a system upgrade.
(8) Angela Merkel stands firm on finding resolution to Greece crisis Read more But this is bogus.
(9) Instead of investing client's money in secrities, it was held with a bank and new deposits used to pay bogus returns to give the impression that the business was successful.
(10) Big names frighten them on their doorsteps, oozing bogus bonhomie.
(11) The argument that it is might be comfortable and familiar, but it is bogus and ill-informed.
(12) ‘Patriotism’ is a difficult concept to pin, and one man’s patriotism can easily be misjudged as folly or even treachery if we start judging based on a narrow understanding of the term.” Walid, a Muslim veteran of the navy, added that “even though we invaded Iraq based upon bogus information, that doesn’t diminish the sacrifice of Captain Khan and other American service members who lost their lives”.
(13) And there's the fact that Romney's whole "binder full of women" anecdote was completely bogus: he commissioned no such binder; it was provided to him by a bipartisan coalition of women's groups, which had created it prior to his election.
(14) "The whole charge is transparently bogus and meant for the media to reduce turnout to the march on Sunday."
(15) I would never be party to issuing any bogus invoices, full stop,” Shorten said in response to questions about $300,000 in payments from Thiess John Holland to the AWU’s Victorian branch and national office between 2005 and 2008.
(16) Reports of decomposing bodies littering the streets of Damasak came as the president elect, Muhammadu Buhari, denounced the Islamists as a bogus religious group and vowed a hard line against them when he comes to power at the end of next month.
(17) Pregnant women (N = 220) attending urban maternity care clinics were randomly assigned to study groups to determine the effectiveness of a "bogus pipeline" method to increase the accuracy of behavioral self-reports of alcohol consumption.
(18) Massimo Cellino’s reign as Leeds United owner is under serious threat after an Italian judge ruled he set up a “bogus corporate screen” as part of a “Machiavellian simulation” deliberately to evade paying import tax on a yacht in 2012, meaning the Football League could bar the Italian from controlling the club.
(19) Allies of President Barack Obama on Sunday sharply criticised the latest Republican inquiry into his response to the deadly 2012 attack on the US diplomatic mission in Benghazi, describing it as a “bogus” scheme to score political points that was fuelled by conservative media.
(20) So that entire analysis is bogus and is wrong, but gets frequently peddled around here by folks who oftentimes are trying to defend previous policies that they themselves made.” Obama is scheduled to return from his vacation temporarily next Sunday.
Sham
Definition:
(n.) That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint; a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.
(n.) A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
(a.) False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham fight.
(v. t.) To trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false pretenses.
(v. t.) To obtrude by fraud or imposition.
(v. t.) To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign.
(v. i.) To make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results indicated that smoke, as opposed to sham puffs, significantly reduced reports of cigarette craving, and local anesthesia significantly blocked this immediate reduction in craving produced by smoke inhalation.
(2) Five days later, the animals were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: Group 1 received intracranial implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 2 received intraperitoneal implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 3 received serial intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone; and Group 4 received sham treatment.
(3) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(4) Meanwhile Ed Miliband, the Labour leader, waiting anxiously for news of the scale of the Labour advance in his first nationwide electoral test, will urge the electorate not to be duped by the promise of a coalition mark 2, predicting sham concessions by the Conservatives .
(5) The plasma renin activity of the 1 day post-stenosis rats showed 65% higher activity than the sham controls with no significant change in the 30-60 days post-stenosis.
(6) The results indicate that, regardless of the photoperiod, no clear functional relationship can be found between the avian pineal gland and thyroid function, although a transitory increase in T4 levels was seen in both pinealectomized and sham-operated birds shortly after the operations.
(7) The amounts of erythropoietin produced in animals subjected to hepatectomy are significantly higher than those observed in sham-operated animals.
(8) However, stimulation of the release of NTLI by intraduodenal administration of oleic acid (0.2 ml) resulted in significantly higher p-NTLI levels in the nephrectomized rats than in the sham operated rats.
(9) Three groups of male rats received lesions of AP and another 3 groups received sham lesion.
(10) Pretreatment with CV6209 had no significant influence on these parameters in sham-operated animals.
(11) We found that kidney extracts from 6 h and 24 h uninephrectomized rats increased [3H]thymidine incorporation into tubular cell DNA, dose-dependently, compared to those from sham-operated rats.
(12) The sizes of adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (N) cells in the adrenal medulla of nonoperated (NO), sham-operated (SPX), and pinealectomized (PX) male rats (n = 126) were investigated by quantitative light microscopy.
(13) The concentrations and total content of the nicotinamide nucleotides were measured in the livers of rats at various times after partial hepatectomy and laparotomy (sham hepatectomy) and correlated with other events in the regeneration process.
(14) The volume densities of the differing strial components from steroid-administered animals were determined to approximate those of sham-adrenalectomized animals in general.
(15) With five daily 1-hr occlusions of the hepatic artery, rats benefited from significantly reduced tumor growth rates compared with controls that underwent sham operation (P less than 0.05).
(16) In the dynamic phase the weight of interscapular brown adipose tissue was significantly increased in the VMH-lesioned rats, but the specific GDP binding was depressed both in the morning and afternoon when compared with either the sham-operated or PVN-lesioned groups.
(17) There were no changes in the joints which had sham operations.
(18) In contrast, in Px-SUC both masses were comparable to the sham groups.
(19) Only at 3 days did total plasma volume of SAD rats show a modest reduction of about 16% (P less than 0.05 vs. sham-operated plus unoperated controls).
(20) The binding of 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) was compared in acini isolated from the regenerating remnant following 90% partial pancreatectomy (ppx) and from the pancreas of sham-pancreatectomized (sham-ppx) rats.