What's the difference between bond and sum?

Bond


Definition:

  • (n.) That which binds, ties, fastens, or confines, or by which anything is fastened or bound, as a cord, chain, etc.; a band; a ligament; a shackle or a manacle.
  • (n.) The state of being bound; imprisonment; captivity, restraint.
  • (n.) A binding force or influence; a cause of union; a uniting tie; as, the bonds of fellowship.
  • (n.) Moral or political duty or obligation.
  • (n.) A writing under seal, by which a person binds himself, his heirs, executors, and administrators, to pay a certain sum on or before a future day appointed. This is a single bond. But usually a condition is added, that, if the obligor shall do a certain act, appear at a certain place, conform to certain rules, faithfully perform certain duties, or pay a certain sum of money, on or before a time specified, the obligation shall be void; otherwise it shall remain in full force. If the condition is not performed, the bond becomes forfeited, and the obligor and his heirs are liable to the payment of the whole sum.
  • (n.) An instrument (of the nature of the ordinary legal bond) made by a government or a corporation for purpose of borrowing money; as, a government, city, or railway bond.
  • (n.) The state of goods placed in a bonded warehouse till the duties are paid; as, merchandise in bond.
  • (n.) The union or tie of the several stones or bricks forming a wall. The bricks may be arranged for this purpose in several different ways, as in English or block bond (Fig. 1), where one course consists of bricks with their ends toward the face of the wall, called headers, and the next course of bricks with their lengths parallel to the face of the wall, called stretchers; Flemish bond (Fig.2), where each course consists of headers and stretchers alternately, so laid as always to break joints; Cross bond, which differs from the English by the change of the second stretcher line so that its joints come in the middle of the first, and the same position of stretchers comes back every fifth line; Combined cross and English bond, where the inner part of the wall is laid in the one method, the outer in the other.
  • (n.) A unit of chemical attraction; as, oxygen has two bonds of affinity. It is often represented in graphic formulae by a short line or dash. See Diagram of Benzene nucleus, and Valence.
  • (v. t.) To place under the conditions of a bond; to mortgage; to secure the payment of the duties on (goods or merchandise) by giving a bond.
  • (v. t.) To dispose in building, as the materials of a wall, so as to secure solidity.
  • (n.) A vassal or serf; a slave.
  • (a.) In a state of servitude or slavery; captive.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The femoral component, made of Tivanium with titanium mesh attached to it by a new process called diffusion bonding, retains superalloy fatigue strength characteristics.
  • (2) An unsaturated fatty acid auxotroph of Escherichia coli was grown with a series of cis-octadecenoate isomers in which the location of the double bond varied from positions 3 to 17.
  • (3) At pH 7.0, reduction is complete after 6 to 10 h. These results together with an earlier study concerning the positions of the two most readily reduced bonds (Cornell J.S., and Pierce, J.G.
  • (4) It was found that there is a significant difference in bond strengths between enamel and stainless steel with strength to enamel the greater.
  • (5) Since the start of this week, markets have been more cautious, with bond yields in Spain reaching their highest levels in four months on Tuesday amid concern about the scale of the austerity measures being imposed by the government and fears that the country might need a bailout.
  • (6) Genotoxic carcinogens form covalent bonds with proteins as well as with DNA.
  • (7) Accordingly, when bFGF, complexed to heparin, is treated with pepsin A, an aspartic protease with a broad specificity, only the Leu9-Pro10 peptide bond is cleaved generating the 146-amino acid form.
  • (8) The bond distances of Cu to Cl(1), Cl(2), N(3) and N(3') atoms are 2.299 (1), 2.267 (1), 1.985 (4) and 1.996 (3) A, respectively.
  • (9) An unexpected result of the Greek crisis has been a flight of capital into British government bonds, which has seen gilt prices fall.
  • (10) We propose that, for a GC base pair in B conformation, there are two amino proton exchangeable states--a cytosine amino proton exchangeable state and a guanine amino proton exchangeable state; both require the disruption of only the corresponding interbase H bond.
  • (11) Furthermore, we demonstrate that reduction of the disulfide bonds of a pre-processed A-loop containing heterodimeric insulin peptide is required to further process insulin into a T cell epitope.
  • (12) Analysis of bond values of glass ionomer added to glass ionomer indicate bond variability and low cohesive bond strength of the material.
  • (13) All N and O atoms except N(3) and O(4') participate in a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding system.
  • (14) The coatings formed contain only stable chemical bonds (e.g., C-C, C-O-C), and easily-derivatized hydroxyl moieties.
  • (15) S100b protein, chemically modified by thioethanol groups (linked via disulfide bonds to two out of four Cys per dimer) was largely similar to reduced native S100b protein in its overall structure and differed only by small modifications extending, however, to the whole protein structure.
  • (16) The relative cleavage frequency at the first glycosidic bond counting from the nonreducing end of the substrate increases with increasing substrate concentration.
  • (17) We found that the closer location of Mg2+ to the beta-phosphoryl group than to the alpha- or gamma-phosphoryl group was effective in weakening the P-O bond at which the cleavage of ATP catalyzed by most enzymes takes place.
  • (18) Brief digestion at neutral pH without reduction produced a molecule in which the Fab and Fc fragments were still linked by a pair of labile disulphide bridges, and the Fc fragment released by cleaving these bonds, called 1Fc fragment, contained a portion of the ;hinge' region including an interchain disulphide bridge.
  • (19) Both adiphenine.HCl and proadifen.HCl form more stable complexes, suggesting that hydrogen bonding to the carbonyl oxygen by the hydroxyl-group on the rim of the CD ring could be an important contributor to the complexation.
  • (20) However, peptide bonds between 193 and 194, and 194 and 195 were cleaved in the presence of mAb 1C3 as easily as in the presence of mAb 31A4, suggesting that the region of residues 200 to 202 was obscured by, or within the antibody binding site, but that the region of residues 193 to 195 was not.

Sum


Definition:

  • (n.) The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12.
  • (n.) A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum.
  • (n.) The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections.
  • (n.) Height; completion; utmost degree.
  • (n.) A problem to be solved, or an example to be wrought out.
  • (v. t.) To bring together into one whole; to collect into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the totality of; -- usually with up.
  • (v. t.) To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few words; to condense; -- usually with up.
  • (v. t.) To have (the feathers) full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown, plumage.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Median effect analysis was applied for the evaluation of in vitro effect by the growth inhibition, and the in vivo effect by comparison of the increase of life span (ILS) in a combined group with the sum of ILS's in 2 single agent groups.
  • (2) Sonographic images of the gallbladder enable satisfactory approximation of gallbladder volume using the sum-of-cylinders method.
  • (3) It is shown that, by comparison of a reacting mixture at chemical equilibrium with a non-reacting but equally composed one, the sum of the mean concentrations of the reaction products can immediately be taken from optical absorption or from interferometric measurements.
  • (4) The visitors did have a chance to pull another back with three minutes remaining but Henry blazed a free-kick from within range on the left over the bar, summing up Wolves’ day out in the East Midlands.
  • (5) The norms are reported as "Scaled Score Equivalents of Raw Scores" for each age group and as "IQ Equivalents of Sums of Scaled Scores."
  • (6) The molar refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of the substituent.
  • (7) Part of his initial lump sum will be donated to a fund to replace a hall destroyed by fire in an arson attack four years ago at St Luke’s Church in Newton Poppleford.
  • (8) The length of the diaphragmatic wall of the heart in both the right and left ventricle was equal to the sum of the length of the inflow tract and the thickness of the ventricular wall at the apex.
  • (9) Nickname: SuperSarko the Omnipresident Quote: "What made me who I am now is the sum of all the humiliations suffered during childhood."
  • (10) This structure is further characterized by approaches of both the carbonyl and the furan O atoms to ring H atoms with separations which are slightly less than the sum of the relevant van der Waals radii.
  • (11) The amount of gallium in 'blood-free' tissues was measured by correcting for gallium in residual blood and an estimate of intestinal absorption was then made by summing the values for all tissues examined.
  • (12) Enzyme levels in strains with concurrent mutations in both regulatory genes are considerably higher than the sum of the levels in strains with a cytR or a deoR mutation alone, indicating a certain co-operativity between the two repressor proteins.
  • (13) Transfer of nonprofessional tasks out of nursing and reduction of tension arising from reduced responsibility of nurses for coordinating activities with ancillary departments are possible explanations for the positive relation between the presence of SUM and professional nurses' satisfaction.
  • (14) The Soret MCD of the reduced protein is interpreted as th sum of two MCD curves: an intense, asymmetric MCD band very similar to that exhibited by deoxymyoglobin which we assign to paramagnetic high spin cytochrome a3(2+) and a weaker, more symmetric MCD contribution, which is attributed to diamagnetic low spin cytochrome a2+.
  • (15) In sum, these studies demonstrate the novel phospholipid ceramide 1-phosphate in HL-60 cells and suggest the possibility that a path exists from sphingomyelin to ceramide 1-phosphate via the phosphorylation of ceramide.
  • (16) During bilateral displacements, the activity induced by the respective contralateral leg is linearly summed or subtracted, depending on whether the legs are displaced in the same or in opposite directions.
  • (17) Binaural difference waves (BDWs), obtained by subtracting the sum of two monaural BAEPs from a binaural BAEP, were obtained in 16- to 20-day-old jaundiced Gunn rats before and after injection of sulfadimethoxine, which produces bilirubin neurotoxicity by promoting net transfer of bilirubin out of the circulation into brain tissue.
  • (18) The index was calculated by dividing the sum of the count rates over both knees and both wrists by the dose of technetium given.
  • (19) A "peeling" technique was used to estimate the time constants (tau 0 and tau 1) and coefficients (a0 and a1) of the first two exponential terms of the series of exponential terms whose sum represented the slope of the voltage response.
  • (20) To determine the effectiveness of nitroglycerin, alone or with phenylephrine, during AMI in man, 12 patients (five or whom had left heart failure) were evaluated by summing ST-segment abnormalities (sigmaST) from 35 precordial electrodes.

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