What's the difference between bone and prefrontal?
Bone
Definition:
(n.) The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcic carbonate, calcic phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and bone.
(n.) One of the pieces or parts of an animal skeleton; as, a rib or a thigh bone; a bone of the arm or leg; also, any fragment of bony substance. (pl.) The frame or skeleton of the body.
(n.) Anything made of bone, as a bobbin for weaving bone lace.
(n.) Two or four pieces of bone held between the fingers and struck together to make a kind of music.
(n.) Dice.
(n.) Whalebone; hence, a piece of whalebone or of steel for a corset.
(n.) Fig.: The framework of anything.
(v. t.) To withdraw bones from the flesh of, as in cookery.
(v. t.) To put whalebone into; as, to bone stays.
(v. t.) To fertilize with bone.
(v. t.) To steal; to take possession of.
(v. t.) To sight along an object or set of objects, to see if it or they be level or in line, as in carpentry, masonry, and surveying.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is concluded that during exposure to simulated microgravity early signs of osteoporosis occur in the tibial spongiosa and that changes in the spongy matter of tubular bones and vertebrae are similar and systemic.
(2) In conclusion, the efficacy of free tissue transfer in the treatment of osteomyelitis is geared mainly at enabling the surgeon to perform a wide radical debridement of infected and nonviable soft tissue and bone.
(3) This bone could not be degraded by human monocytes in vitro as well as control bone (only 54% of control; P less than 0.003).
(4) It is suggested that the Japanese may have lower trabecular bone mineral density than Caucasians but may also have a lower threshold for fracture of the vertebrae.
(5) Osteoporosis is characterized by a reduction in bone density.
(6) The half-life of 45Ca in the various calcium fractions of both types of bone was 72 hours in both the control and malnourished groups except the calcium complex portion of the long bone of the control group, which was about 100 hours.
(7) We have addressed the effect of late intensification with autologous bone marrow transplantation on SCLC through a randomized clinical trial.
(8) Our results indicate that increasing the delay for more than 8 days following irradiation and TCD syngeneic BMT leads to a rapid loss of the ability to achieve alloengraftment by non-TCD allogeneic bone marrow.
(9) Decreased MU stops additions of bone by modeling and increases removal of bone next to marrow by remodeling.
(10) Pokeweed mitogen-stimulated rat spleen cells were identified as a reliable source of rat burst-promoting activity (PBA), which permitted development of a reproducible assay for rat bone marrow erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E).
(11) The fibrous matrix and cartilage formed within the nonunion site transformed to osteoid and bone with increased vascularity.
(12) Periosteal chondroma is an uncommon benign cartilagenous lesion, and its importance lies primarily in its characteristic radiographic and pathologic appearance which should be of assistance in the differential diagnosis of eccentric lesions of bones.
(13) The compressive strength of bone is proportional to the square of the apparent density and to the strain rate raised to the 0.06 power.
(14) Furthermore echography revealed a collateral subperiosteal edema and a moderate thickening of extraocular muscles and bone periostitis, a massive swelling of muscles and bone defects in subperiosteal abscesses as well as encapsulated abscesses of the orbit and a concomitant retrobulbar neuritis in orbital cellulitis.
(15) Survival was independent of the type of clinical presentation and protocol employed but was correlated with the stage (P less than 0.0005), symptoms (P less than 0.025), bulky disease (P less than 0.025) and bone marrow involvement (P less than 0.025).
(16) There was however no difference in the cross-sectional studies and no significant deleterious effect detected of tobacco use on forearm bone mineral content.
(17) During the digestion of these radiolabeled bacteria, murine bone marrow macrophages produced low-molecular-weight substances that coeluted chromatographically with the radioactive cell wall marker.
(18) According to the finite element analysis, the design bases of fixed restorations applied in the teeth accompanied with the absorption of the alveolar bone were preferred.
(19) At consolidation, the distraction area was composed of lamellar trabecular and partly woven bone.
(20) Periodontal disease activity is defined clinically by progressive loss of probing attachment and radiographically by progressive loss of alveolar bone.
Prefrontal
Definition:
(a.) Situated in front of the frontal bone, or the frontal region of the skull; ectethmoid, as a certain bone in the nasal capsule of many animals, and certain scales of reptiles and fishes.
(n.) A prefrontal bone or scale.
Example Sentences:
(1) A recent report suggested that neurons in the prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and primary motor cortex of the brains of schizophrenic subjects may be less dense than those in the brains of nonschizophrenic subjects.
(2) These results suggest that the majority of D1 and D2 receptors in prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices are located postsynaptically on neurons intrinsic to the cortex.
(3) The PET studies suggest dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex as a result of damage to the lentiform nuclei.
(4) We describe here two essentially different patterns of behavioral recovery following selective lesions of the dorsolateral and orbital prefrontal cortex.
(5) The existence of a dopaminergic projection from the nucleus raphe dorsalis (RD) to the prefrontal cortex of the rat was demonstrated by combining immunohistochemistry with retrograde tracing.
(6) Animals with medial prefrontal cortex or parietal cortex lesions and sham-operated and non-operated controls were tested for the acquisition of an adjacent arm task that accentuated the importance of egocentric spatial localization and a cheese board task that accentuated the importance of allocentric spatial localization.
(7) We suggest that presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors on noradrenergic synapses may be those that are selectively decreased in the prefrontal cortex in AD.
(8) The local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (LCMRGlc) in the parahippocampal gyrus-hippocampus and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were determined.
(9) These results suggest that: (1) catecholaminergic (mainly dopaminergic) and prefrontal cortical terminals in the nucleus accumbens septi dually synapse on common spiny neurons; and (2) dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area receive monosynaptic input from prefrontal cortical afferents.
(10) Less abundant cortical afferents were found to arise in area 36, second auditory area and prefrontal cortex.
(11) Secondarily marked structures were the posterior part of the lateral reticular formation, the caudato-putamen area and the prefrontal and frontal cortex.
(12) The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has structural and functional characteristics for short-term storage of external signals in its neuronal nets according to the level of attention.
(13) Injections of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) in the prefrontal, motor, somatosensory, auditory and visual areas, and HRP or WGA-HRP injections in the thalamus showed that: (1) the claustroneocortical projections originate in the dorsal claustrum and are distributed to the entire neocortex; these projections are mainly ipsilateral but some also originate contralaterally; (2) the claustroneocortical projections show a rough topographic organization; there exists a substantial degree of overlap; and (3) the claustrothalamic projection, arising throughout the dorsal claustrum, is strictly ipsilateral.
(14) At later ages the beaded axons became confined to layers I-III where they gradually increased in number, and from week 4, they formed pericellular arrays which were only observed in the prefrontal and auditory cortices, not in visual cortex.
(15) Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess prefrontal brain structure in 17 schizophrenic, 18 psychiatric control, and 19 normal control subjects of comparable age, social background, and educational status, while three neuropsychological measures were used to assess prefrontal functioning.
(16) The effects of serotonin on pyramidal cells of layer V of the medial prefrontal cortex were examined using intracellular recording techniques in rat brain slices in vitro.
(17) It may be possible in the future to examine prefrontal dopamine metabolism directly during prefrontal cognition using positron emission tomography and tracers such as F-18 DOPA.
(18) The results are interpreted as support for a medial prefrontal cortex role in mediating a prospective code perhaps via knowledge systems based on temporal information.
(19) Cryogenic depression of prefrontal cortex at a temperature sufficient to induce 21--25% decrements in delayed-response performance in 34--36-month-old-monkeys, produced deficits of only 7--8% in 19--31-month-old and no detectable loss in younger monkeys, 9--16 months of age.
(20) These findings are supportive of the presence of serotonin 5-HT1D receptors in human prefrontal cortex and caudate which appear to be coupled to a GTP binding protein.