What's the difference between bonus and tonus?

Bonus


Definition:

  • (n.) A premium given for a loan, or for a charter or other privilege granted to a company; as the bank paid a bonus for its charter.
  • (n.) An extra dividend to the shareholders of a joint stock company, out of accumulated profits.
  • (n.) Money paid in addition to a stated compensation.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The Treasury said: "Britain has been at the forefront of global reforms to make banking more responsible, including big reductions in upfront cash bonuses and linking rewards to long-term success.
  • (2) It takes more than a statistical read out and the return of big bank bonuses for a real recovery," he said.
  • (3) But it has already attracted attention for paying some deferred bonuses early in the US to avoid a hike in tax rates.
  • (4) And he failed to engage with these sensible proposals to limit bonuses to a maximum of a year's salary or double that if explicitly backed by shareholders - proposals which even his own MEPs have backed – until the very last minute.
  • (5) Lord Mandelson told bankers today that the one-off tax that will be imposed on their bonuses in today's pre-budget report was not designed to "teach them a lesson".
  • (6) If a bank does not meet the commitment, its chief executive and senior managers responsible for business lending will not receive the maximum pay and bonus as a result."
  • (7) The commission heard that the bonus culture had grown from the 1980s and that professionalism had been lost from the industry.
  • (8) An added bonus: With acceptance comes team building.
  • (9) It is the bonus culture – not high pay, recklessness or incompetence – that has polluted banking's public image.
  • (10) Excellent question -- is the absence of a bonus for M&S's 80,000+ staff a "failure of leadership"?
  • (11) In 2007, his £450,000 LTIP, combined with basic salary and bonus, left him £1.2m better off - and with nearly double the then salary of the BBC's director general, Mark Thompson.
  • (12) Until the October 2008 banking crisis there were no restrictions on the way bankers were paid, but rules were devised to try to link payouts to performance when it emerged that banks would still pay bonuses despite receiving taxpayer bailouts.
  • (13) The key point is that the G20 principles do not place any cap on the size of bonuses.
  • (14) Belinda Lester, from the employment law firm CKFT, agreed: "If they have a bad year, it's very difficult to cut back salaries"; the second big plus from the bank's point of view is "if a significant part of your remuneration is a bonus, these contracts will make it very clear that bonus is only payable if you're not leaving.
  • (15) The staff bonus pool at J Sainsbury has fallen by a quarter, despite the supermarket chain posting higher sales and profits for the last financial year.
  • (16) The chief executive has already waived his bonus for 2012 following the furore surrounding the £1m he was to be handed for 2011 before the political outcry forced him to hand it back.
  • (17) Just a few days before its annual results, the bank is ready to tell staff how much they will be getting and outline new payments to top staff who will be affected by the EU's bonus cap.
  • (18) Griffith earned £1.05m, including a bonus of £548,500, worth 113% of his salary and just short of the 125% maximum.
  • (19) HSBC and Standard Chartered, two UK-based banks who often manage to avoid the bonus spotlight, will also feel the heat after paying out millions to US regulators for breaches of the rules.
  • (20) Yet bank bonuses soared in April as payments were delayed so the highest paid could benefit from this government's top rate tax cut.

Tonus


Definition:

  • (n.) Tonicity, or tone; as, muscular tonus.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) One is the ureteral peristaltic contraction which plays a principal role in urinary bolus transport at low flows; the other is ureteral wall tonus, which plays an important role in the transport of columns of urine by the ureter, which does not coapt its walls, at the higher flow rates.
  • (2) This experimental model excludes the interference of subjective factors, such as erotic stimuli and libido on erection, and it seems that androgen deficiency has a direct effect on the neurophysiology of the erectile tissues resulting in a higher tonus of the detumescence factors, which can be explained by an incomplete relaxation of the sinusoidal smooth muscle.
  • (3) As the KR channel is highly active in cells in physiological saline, we suggest that it controls the tonus of the coronary artery, as an endogenous dilating factor.
  • (4) It was found that the principal test for operative identification of the ventro-oral parts of the dentate nucleus in electrostimulation are motor reactions and changes in the muscular tonus in the homolateral limbs and reactions of the cortex of the central and precentral areas of the cerebral hemispheres revealed by electrocorticography.
  • (5) Its role in reversing the compulsory rotation at the beginning of flexion can now easily be explained: since it is an extensor, the flexion would cause its passive elongation, against which its mere tonus causes rotation.
  • (6) In 55 subjects in whom both the resting tonus and blood pressure were simultaneously measured at least twice during pregnancy, the mean maternal blood pressure increased as the resting tonus increased.
  • (7) The vasodilatory action of nicorandil on the epicardial coronary artery was especially pronounced in cases with increased coronary vascular tonus.
  • (8) It was found that: 1) papaverine abolished the concentrations induced by drugs (histamine, acetylcholine, bradykinin); 2) papaverine reduced the tonus of depolarized muscle and eliminated its increase under the effect of a rise of the external calcium concentration; 3) papaverine had no effect on the amplitude and the ascending phase of the contractile off-response; 4) papaverine accelerated the discending phase of the contractile off-response.
  • (9) Study of regional hemodynamics showed a significant increase in the tonus of the arteries of the brain and crura and diminished tonus of the veins.
  • (10) on the contractile reaction of the guinea-pig intestine to constant doses of histamine and bradykinin and on the initial tonus of the smooth muscles is observed.4.
  • (11) These results suggested that nicardipine might improve feto-placental blood flow while decreasing the spontaneous basal tonus.
  • (12) The newly-formed sphincter displays changes in its enzyme pattern and becomes capable of continuous tonus; the spinal reflex arc is set up and the transplanted muscle develops characteristic metabolic and contractile properties.
  • (13) Before and after treatment, multiple colonic manometry was performed, monitoring tonus, intensity and frequency of sinusoid contraction waves, transitories and vibrations, as well as the voluntary contraction capacity.
  • (14) In patients with spastic paraparesis, increased extensor tonus can be decreased by stimulation of flexor reflex afferents.
  • (15) The uterine response to the vaginal administration of this compound was characterized by a gradual increase in uterine tonus followed by sustained stimulation.
  • (16) These results suggest that D1 receptor tonus is a necessary prerequisite for the expression of a DA agonist's effect.
  • (17) Therefore, rats with initial prevalence of the sympathetic compartment tonus of the vegetative nervous system are more labile to the effect of the dehydration stress.
  • (18) After resection of the suspensory ligament of ovarii, an increase in resting tonus in the ovarian side did not only cause an increase in RSNA, but also a decrease in renal blood flow.
  • (19) Thus, as a single entity, S-CaOs may be implicated in diverse manifestations of heart failure--impaired systolic performance, increased diastolic tonus and an increased probability for the occurrence of arrhythmias.
  • (20) The response to each substance could be distinguished by different effect on beat rate, amplitude, and diastolic tonus, as well as by the duration of responses to standard 1-min applications.

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