(n.) A rare variety of camphor, C10H17.OH, resembling ordinary camphor, from which it can be produced by reduction. It is said to occur in the camphor tree of Borneo and Sumatra (Dryobalanops camphora), but the natural borneol is rarely found in European or American commerce, being in great request by the Chinese. Called also Borneo camphor, Malay camphor, and camphol.
Example Sentences:
(1) Borneol is an organic drug having property to form eutectic mixture with salicylic acid.
(2) The aromatherapeutical use of commercial valerian root oil (Chinese origin) and of pure fragrance compounds--borneol, isoborneol, bornyl acetate (main constituent of the proved valerian root oil) and isobornyl acetate--as potentially drugs with sedative effects after inhalation was investigated in an animal experiment (mice).
(3) The identity of the major biosynthetic product as borneol was confirmed by chemical oxidation to camphor and crystallization of the derived oxime to constant specific radioactivity.
(4) With the preparation of borneol-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, the stability of the product was improved.
(5) Borneol (I) and isoborneol (II) in synthetic Bingpian are separated by means of dry-column chromatography (DCC).
(6) The results showed that the borneol-salicylic acid eutectic mixture can evidently increase the absorption rate of borneol and provided a method for manufacturing borneol preparation which can easily be absorbed transdermally.
(7) Sage (Salvia officinalis) is shown to contain two electrophoretically distinct dehydrogenases for the respective oxidations of (+)-borneol to (+)-camphor, and of (+)-cis-sabinol to (+)-sabinone en route to (-)-3-isothujone.
(8) Antithrombotic xinmaining were composed with Moschus, Calculus Bovis, Borneol, Radix Ligusticum, Flos Sophorae Immaturus, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Leech, etc.
(9) As the concept of odorant group plays an important role in the understanding of olfactory coding, an attempt was made to investigate in detail the group properties of a number of structurally and qualitatively related molecules: 1,8 cineole, DL-camphor, borneol, iso-borneol, adamantane, fenchone, fenchyl alcohol, 3,3,5-tri-methyl cyclohexanone, camphene, 1,1,2,2-tetra-bromoethane.
(10) The stereochemistry of the borneol was verified as the (-)-(1S,4S) isomer by oxidation to camphor, conversion to the corresponding ketal with D-(-)-2,3-butanediol, and separation of diastereoisomers by radio-gas-liquid chromatography.
(11) The pathway for the formation of (-)-(1S,4S)-camphor was therefore identical to that previously demonstrated for the (+)-(1R,4R) isomer, involving cyclization of geranyl pyrophosphate to bornyl pyrophosphate, hydrolysis of this intermediate to borneol, and oxidation of the alcohol to the ketone.
(12) Similarly, tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) is shown to contain two electrophoretically distinct dehydrogenases for the respective oxidations of (-)-borneol to (-)-camphor and of (+)-cis-sabinol to (+)-sabinone en route to (+)-3-thujone.
(13) Analysis of the derived benzoates by mass spectrometry demonstrated each of the product borneols to possess an 18O enrichment essentially identical with that of the respective acyclic precursor.
(14) The most optimal concentration of borneol-walnut oil was 20% through clinical and laboratory observations.
(15) Due to its simple composition, significant therapeutic effects and nontoxic reactions, the borneol-walnut oil has been proved a promising external remedy for the treatment of purulent otitis media.
(16) We compared the transdermal absorption rate of borneol alone with that of borneol-salicylic acid eutectic mixture in hairless rats.
(17) In order to enhance the detection sensitivity of various glucuronic acid conjugates (phenol, menthol borneol, estrone and testosterone) in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the compounds were esterified with 4-bromomethyl-7-methoxycoumarin in the presence of potassium carbonate and 18-crown-6 in acetone.
(18) Camphane was hydroxylated to borneol and epiborneol, the latter predominating.
(19) A soluble enzyme preparation from immature leaves of this plant converts the acyclic precursor [1-3H]geranyl pyrophosphate to the bicyclic monoterpene alcohol borneol in the presence of MgCl2, and oxidizes a portion of the borneol to camphor in the presence of a pyridine nucleotide.
(20) 170 patients were treated with borneol-walnut oil of various concentrations, and the controls (108 patients) were treated with neomycin compound.
Camphor
Definition:
(n.) A tough, white, aromatic resin, or gum, obtained from different species of the Laurus family, esp. from Cinnamomum camphara (the Laurus camphara of Linnaeus.). Camphor, C10H16O, is volatile and fragrant, and is used in medicine as a diaphoretic, a stimulant, or sedative.
(n.) A gum resembling ordinary camphor, obtained from a tree (Dryobalanops camphora) growing in Sumatra and Borneo; -- called also Malay camphor, camphor of Borneo, or borneol. See Borneol.
(v. t.) To impregnate or wash with camphor; to camphorate.
Example Sentences:
(1) Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to study the heme iron in various states of cytochrome P450cam from the camphor-hydroxylating system of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.
(2) Because of toxic effects of camphor and volatile oils on central nervous system, these compounds show no therapeutical usefullness in children.
(3) The spin state of camphor-bound cytochrome P-450 is shown to depend largely on medium and temperature in aqueous as well as in mixed organic buffer.
(4) Changes in membrane potential and temporal patterns of spikes were analyzed in 30 output cells in the salamander olfactory bulb in response to stimulation with 1-s pulses of the odorants isoamyl acetate, cineole, and camphor.
(5) Pseudomonas putida PpGl, which carries the CAM plasmid encoding enzymes involved in the degradation pathway of D-camphor, can utilize D-camphor as a sole carbon source.
(6) It is proposed that the ability of P. putida to tolerate the unusually high degree of possible gratuitous induction observed for camphor catabolism may be related to the infrequent occurrence of bicyclic ring structures in nature.
(7) This indicates that camphor binding decreases the flexibility in these three regions of the P-450cam molecule without altering the mean position of the atoms involved.
(8) A binding model which assumes two binding sites for pyridine--the iron and the camphor binding site--is able to describe completely the nonlinear Eadie plot.
(9) The specific membrane glycoproteins with high affinity for camphor and decanal were isolated from rat olfactory epithelium.
(10) To this end, S(-)-camphor-yuehchukene and R(+)-camphor-yuehchukene were synthesised and tested in three bioassay models.
(11) Derivatives of camphor and terpenes have been identified in this particular river.
(12) The synthesis of two series of N-substituted 4,7,7-trimethyl-3-(1-piperidinyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene 2-carboxamides (I d-h) and 2-carbothioamides (I i-o), as well as of some N-aryl 4,7,7-trimethyl-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene 2-carboxamides (I a-c), by reaction of camphor piperidinoenamine and pyrrolidinoenamine with aryl isocyanates and isothiocyanates is described.
(13) The crystal structure of Pseudomonas putida cytochrome P-450cam in the ferric, camphor bound form has been determined and partially refined to R = 0.23 at 2.6 A.
(14) Radiomodifying effect of camphor was significantly evident during the recovery period, i.e., on day 8 after 0.5 Gy irradiation and day 6 onward after 1.0 Gy and 2.0 Gy.
(15) Oxidation of (+) camphor by cytochrome P-450soy-enriched intact cells of Streptomyces griseus resulted in the formation of one major and several minor metabolites.
(16) The identity of the major biosynthetic product as borneol was confirmed by chemical oxidation to camphor and crystallization of the derived oxime to constant specific radioactivity.
(17) The frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in mouse bone marrow exposed to gamma-irradiation was used to assess the radiomodifying effect of camphor.
(18) Mice were given repeated injections of poly I:C every three days paired with exposure to the odor of camphor for 4 hours.
(19) Although camphor's effect appeared to be greater during warming, neither effect was large.
(20) Other endodontic drugs, including disinfectants for caries cavities, sedatives for pulp, root canal disinfectants, and pulp devitalizing agents containing phenol, camphor, tricresol, formalin, and paraformaldehyde were also positive by rec-assay and would seem to potentially of damage cellular DNA in Bacillus subtilis.