(1) In the late 1970s the challenge was to discover the missing pieces of the Standard Model: the W and Z bosons (which carry the weak nuclear force), the top quark and the tau neutrino.
(2) A predecessor to the LHC, a machine called the Large Electron Positron collider at Cern , the particle physics laboratory near Geneva, ruled out the existence of the Higgs boson up to a mass of 114GeV, but saw what might have been hints of the particle before it shut down in 2000 to make way for the LHC.
(3) "There is no doubt that something very much like the Higgs boson has been discovered.
(4) For now, work centres on gathering more and more data from Higgs bosons inside the LHC.
(5) Evidence for the Higgs boson has risen sharply in the past seven months.
(6) Jim Baggott, author of Farewell to Reality: How Fairytale Physics Betrays the Search for Scientific Truth The discovery of the Higgs boson was a triumph for the standard model of particle physics.
(7) "I had a nightmare which is that Cern would discover the Higgs boson and then nothing else.
(8) The report suggests that "finding the Higgs boson, exactly as postulated in the Standard Model, would be a triumph.
(9) To spot the boson, the scientists have to look for unusual excesses of the particles it decays into, which appear as bumps in their data.
(10) The present one is nice and cosy, but it is embarrassing and sad to see many distinguished colleagues queueing up at five in the morning knowing that they have a slim chance to get a seat, after working for 20 years on finding the Higgs boson," said Dorigo.
(11) From previous work, the Higgs boson was thought to have a mass somewhere between 114 and 185GeV (gigaelectronvolts) – one GeV is roughly equivalent to the mass of a proton, a subatomic particle found in atomic nuclei.
(12) "It's going to be the Higgs boson of the brain, a Noah's archive of the mind," he says.
(13) For original approaches to outstanding problems in particle physics, including the proposal of large extra dimensions, new theories for the Higgs boson, novel realisations of supersymmetry, theories for dark matter, and the exploration of new mathematical structures in gauge theory scattering amplitudes.
(14) Ripples of excitement swept through the physics community last month when Cern scientists reported what looked like glimpses of the long-sought Higgs boson .
(15) That moment came today for physicists at Cern , near Geneva, home of the Large Hadron Collider, who announced overwhelming evidence for the obscure but profoundly important Higgs boson, the particle that sparked the greatest hunt in modern science.
(16) Without doubt, CERN has delivered us a new particle that looks every bit like the long-sought-after Higgs boson, which is absolutely central to our understanding of how the universe works at its most elemental level.
(17) These microscopic fireballs of energy condense into well known subatomic particles, but scientists hope that among them they will see other more exotic particles, including the Higgs boson .
(18) Following examples like the Human Genome Project and the Large Hadron Collider (where Higgs' elusive boson was finally discovered), the idea is that a large investment will deliver significant results.
(19) But the Standard Model of particle physics – of which the Higgs boson is part and which describes fundamental particles and forces of nature – hides a terrifying secret: a theoretical composite particle that is so stable it can transform any other particle of matter into a copy of itself.
(20) On Monday, scientists at the Tevatron, which was shut down by the US government last year , fired a parting shot, releasing a fresh analysis that showed their strongest evidence yet for the Higgs boson .
Quantum
Definition:
(n.) Quantity; amount.
(n.) A definite portion of a manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary.
Example Sentences:
(1) The extreme quenching of the dioxetane chemiluminescence by both microsomes and phosphatidylcholine, as a model phospholipid, implies that despite the low quantum yield (approx.
(2) In 1935, Einstein challenged the prevailing interpretation of quantum theory.
(3) Why Corporate America is reluctant to take a stand on climate action Read more “We have these quantum leaps,” Friedberg said.
(4) The 23Na double-quantum signal was quenched in both the extracellular and the intracellular compartments with increasing concentration of Li in each compartment, along with an increase in the 23Na T1 both intra- and extracellularly.
(5) A sound source is commonly spherical, therefore solutions are found for the wave equation in spherical coordinates, giving a precise meaning to the 'azimuthal' and 'magnetic quantum number' analogy.
(6) However, from the results of the second study, which included a control group, it was clearly seen that the quantum of boosting or sensitizing effect of the first test as well as that of new sensitization was small over a period of 3-6 months.
(7) The quantum leap in integration being mulled will not save Greece, rescue Spain's banks, sort out Italy, or fix the euro crisis in the short term.
(8) The fluorescence quantum yield of I in acetonitrile is 0.12 at the emission maximum of 448 nm.
(9) Finally, the estimate of the photochemical activity of P-700, based upon the measured fluorescence quantum yield and upon the measured nonradiative losses of excitation energy, was done.
(10) Semiemperical quantum chemical calculations have been applied to study the reaction mechanism and mode of inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
(11) Americans Stuart Freedman and Jon Clauser and French physicist Alain Aspect were the first to verify quantum entanglement experimentally.
(12) The quantum yield of noncyclic photophosphorylation in chloroplasts excited by a series of 8 mus flashes of the saturating intensity displays a two-fold decrease when the flash-frequency is reduced from about 1.1 to about 0.8 s-1, whereas further decrease of flash frequency does not affect the average ATP yield per flash.
(13) Absolute quantum yields of 1O2 formation by the conjugates have been determined.
(14) The good quantum yield coupled with convenient emission lines in the mercury spectrum allows photographic exposure time of fluorescent labelled sections to be reduced to a quarter of that required for a corresponding FITC conjugate.
(15) Shot noise analysis indicated that a combination of intense light and La3+ caused a large (down to zero) reduction in the rate of occurrence of the quantal responses to single photons (quantum bumps) which sum to produce the photoreceptor potential.
(16) Complete assignments were obtained for the backbone 1H, 15N and 13C resonances, using three-dimensional heteronuclear 1H NOE 1H-15N multiple-quantum coherence spectroscopy (3D-NOESY-HMQC) and three-dimensional heteronuclear total correlation 1H-15N multiple-quantum coherence spectroscopy (3D-TOCSY-HMQC) experiments on 15N-enriched HPr and an additional three-dimensional triple-resonance 1HN-15N-13C alpha correlation spectroscopy (HNCA) experiment on 13C, 15N-enriched HPr.
(17) Two technical developments, the advent of supercomputing as a routine tool in quantum solid-state material science and molecular dynamics on the one hand, and molecular biology on the other hand, have created--perhaps for the first time-the possibility of directly linking a more realistic description of the radiation field to observable events at biomolecular level.
(18) The structures of the new compounds were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods, including two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) techniques, especially 1H-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond multiple-quantum coherence.
(19) The constancy of the lifetime-normalized phosphorescence yield with apoazurin and with Trp-314 in alcohol dehydrogenase establishes that the intersystem crossing quantum yield is practically unaffected across the temperature range.
(20) They are calibrated or tested against a large body of experimental data, including extended basis set ab initio, quantum mechanical calculations, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data and dipole moment data for di- and oligopeptides, characteristic ratio data for random coil homopolypeptides, extensive data from peptide solubility studies, and experimental structures of polyalanine fibres and globular proteins.