(n.) A leaf, usually smaller than the true leaves of a plant, from the axil of which a flower stalk arises.
(n.) Any modified leaf, or scale, on a flower stalk or at the base of a flower.
Example Sentences:
(1) Enterobacter agglomerans was the most predominant bacterium on leaf and bract.
(2) Field-dried cotton bract, a contaminant of cotton dust, has been implicated in byssinosis pathogenesis.
(3) Cotton bract tannin is a potent stimulus for platelet aggregation and secretion.
(4) Byssinosis, COPD, cotton fever and cotton pneumoconiosis may be different types of responses due to the different duration of exposure, the different parts of bronchial tree (upper respiratory tract, small airway, and respiratory part) where deposition occurs, and the different components of cotton dust (broken cotton fibers, bracts, pericarps, bacteria, and fungi).
(5) Comparison of the cytotoxicity dose curves for aqueous bracts extracts with those for tannin demonstrated that tannin was the major cytotoxin present in bracts.
(6) Bract is the most abundant component in respirable raw cotton dust.
(7) After clearing and removal of the cuticle, the bracts are bleached, washed, dehydrated, and if studied by light microscopy, stained in 2% chlorazol black E and mounted in Diaphane; or, if studied by scanning electron microscopy, dried by the critical-point method and either left uncoated or coated with a film of various conductive metals.
(8) The human T lymphocyte proliferative response to cotton bract tannin was shown to be dependent upon the presence of monocytes.
(9) Pulmonary function measured by flow changes on partial expiratory flow volume curves was used to assess airway responses to the bract extracts after their inhalation by a panel of volunteers.
(10) The content of bract was unaffected by this harvest-aid practice.
(11) Raw cotton from 4 machine picked varieties and 2 machine stripped varieties is examined by stereomicroscope and bright-field microscopy for presence of plant trash(bract, leaf, stem, seed, boll, and weed fragments-size range 841-2000mum) that gives rise to cotton dust during yarn manufacturing operations.
(12) The effects of a water extract of cotton bracts (CBE) on guinea pig isolated trachealis smooth muscle was studied.
(13) The authors established an in vitro cytotoxicity assay using 51Cr release to assess time- and dose-dependent toxicity of condensed tannin, a component of bracts, on porcine aortic and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells.
(14) Senescence affected the population levels of the various genera on leaf and bract.
(15) The provenance of bristles and bracts suggests that the bristle cells move into their final positions.
(16) Mill workers are exposed to bract which has weathered in the field, but it is not known whether biologic effects of bract are due to intrinsic plant compound(s) or to contamination occurring during field weathering.
(17) To determine if constituents of cotton plants might play a role in byssinosis by injuring pulmonary epithelium, we added extracts of cotton dust, green bract, and field-dried bract to human A549 and rat type II pneumocytes.
(18) Macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from volunteers pre-challenged with bract extract release increased amounts of chemotactic factor and superoxide anion.
(19) The role of nonspecific reactivity of the airways in this reaction to cotton bract extract is undefined.
(20) Extracts of cotton dust and field-dried bract produced significant dose- and time-dependent lysis and detachment of both target cells, while green bract extract was less damaging.
Rachis
Definition:
(n.) The spine; the vertebral column.
(n.) Same as Rhachis.
Example Sentences:
(1) In May 1983, a thorough workup revealed an incomplete fracture of the first lumbar vertebra and a diffuse demineralization of the rachis and pelvis.
(2) Oogonia detach from the short rachis and increase in size from 6 to 60 microns; accumulating hyaline granules, shell granules and glycogen.
(3) It is conventional saying that the fetal rachis shows only one ventral concavity.
(4) Antho-RFamide (pGlu-Gly-Arg-Phe-amide), a neuropeptide recently isolated from the sea pansy Renilla köllikeri induced sustained (tonic) contractions in the rachis and peduncle of the colony, and in the individual autozooid polyps.
(5) Changes in mixed venous oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SvO2), heart rate (HR), cardiac index, (SI) were measured in 20 patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery (rachis and pelvis bone resections for tumours: mean-lasting 8 hours), to estimate the safety limits during isovolemic hemodilution.
(6) One of the most popular was rachi-striene-stovainization, which was introduced by Jonnesco and attempted to replace general anesthesia (general rachianesthesia).
(7) After the development of the genital rachis into the ovotestis, spermatogenic cells increase in number and differentiation begins.
(8) The authors also made a comparative study of the conventional Milwaukee corset (with broad chin bearing) versus the Milwaukee with hyoid bearing; and finally they illustrate the results obtained by Andriacchi and his associates in selecting the Milwaukee corset for patients with idiopathic scoliosis on the basis of the mathematical model of the rachis.
(9) The authors describe the utility of fast and high-resolution multiplanar CT reconstructions in the study of the rachis.
(10) Our three observations in spite of their analogy with Kozlowski's type, are distinguished by more discrete lesions of the rachis and pelvis and by their autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.
(11) Rachis in the usual ways of the AHF is within its normal characteristics; on the other hand there are modifications in the nervous cases: the total proteins are nearly always increased and the cells augmented with a great predominance of mononuclear cells.
(12) Non tuberculous spondylodiscitis of the rachis is an uncommon entity that affects boys and male adults with greater frequency.
(13) For this reason we often use in the same time a 99mTc stannous pyrophosphates scintigraphy of rachis.
(14) Degeneration rarely occurred before the age of 50 years, affected men twice as frequently as women, and occurred particularly in cases of diffuse Paget's disease, mainly in the femur or the humerus; the rachis was rarely affected.
(15) Abnormal feathers, characterized by thinness and increased transparency of the calamus and rachis, and loss of barbs, were induced at a high frequency by inoculating day-old chicks with reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) propagated in chicken-embryo fibroblast (CEF) cultures.
(16) We think it should be recommended for major surgery of the rachis.
(17) pelvis, femur, rachis, tibia, humerus, and the cancers most frequently involved--prostate, bronchi, kidney, breast and intestine.
(18) Wonder the global static of the rachis is little concerned in most of these children.
(19) Correct orthopedic therapy for traumas of the cervical rachis requires perfect knowledge of the spatial balance of the fracture focus.
(20) This experimental work, realized on a group of 25 monkeys, aims at determining the correct circulatory direction in rachis veins and the importance of the vertebral veinous circulation in the general return circulation.