(n.) A leaf, usually smaller than the true leaves of a plant, from the axil of which a flower stalk arises.
(n.) Any modified leaf, or scale, on a flower stalk or at the base of a flower.
Example Sentences:
(1) Enterobacter agglomerans was the most predominant bacterium on leaf and bract.
(2) Field-dried cotton bract, a contaminant of cotton dust, has been implicated in byssinosis pathogenesis.
(3) Cotton bract tannin is a potent stimulus for platelet aggregation and secretion.
(4) Byssinosis, COPD, cotton fever and cotton pneumoconiosis may be different types of responses due to the different duration of exposure, the different parts of bronchial tree (upper respiratory tract, small airway, and respiratory part) where deposition occurs, and the different components of cotton dust (broken cotton fibers, bracts, pericarps, bacteria, and fungi).
(5) Comparison of the cytotoxicity dose curves for aqueous bracts extracts with those for tannin demonstrated that tannin was the major cytotoxin present in bracts.
(6) Bract is the most abundant component in respirable raw cotton dust.
(7) After clearing and removal of the cuticle, the bracts are bleached, washed, dehydrated, and if studied by light microscopy, stained in 2% chlorazol black E and mounted in Diaphane; or, if studied by scanning electron microscopy, dried by the critical-point method and either left uncoated or coated with a film of various conductive metals.
(8) The human T lymphocyte proliferative response to cotton bract tannin was shown to be dependent upon the presence of monocytes.
(9) Pulmonary function measured by flow changes on partial expiratory flow volume curves was used to assess airway responses to the bract extracts after their inhalation by a panel of volunteers.
(10) The content of bract was unaffected by this harvest-aid practice.
(11) Raw cotton from 4 machine picked varieties and 2 machine stripped varieties is examined by stereomicroscope and bright-field microscopy for presence of plant trash(bract, leaf, stem, seed, boll, and weed fragments-size range 841-2000mum) that gives rise to cotton dust during yarn manufacturing operations.
(12) The effects of a water extract of cotton bracts (CBE) on guinea pig isolated trachealis smooth muscle was studied.
(13) The authors established an in vitro cytotoxicity assay using 51Cr release to assess time- and dose-dependent toxicity of condensed tannin, a component of bracts, on porcine aortic and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells.
(14) Senescence affected the population levels of the various genera on leaf and bract.
(15) The provenance of bristles and bracts suggests that the bristle cells move into their final positions.
(16) Mill workers are exposed to bract which has weathered in the field, but it is not known whether biologic effects of bract are due to intrinsic plant compound(s) or to contamination occurring during field weathering.
(17) To determine if constituents of cotton plants might play a role in byssinosis by injuring pulmonary epithelium, we added extracts of cotton dust, green bract, and field-dried bract to human A549 and rat type II pneumocytes.
(18) Macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from volunteers pre-challenged with bract extract release increased amounts of chemotactic factor and superoxide anion.
(19) The role of nonspecific reactivity of the airways in this reaction to cotton bract extract is undefined.
(20) Extracts of cotton dust and field-dried bract produced significant dose- and time-dependent lysis and detachment of both target cells, while green bract extract was less damaging.
Tract
Definition:
(n.) A written discourse or dissertation, generally of short extent; a short treatise, especially on practical religion.
(v.) Something drawn out or extended; expanse.
(v.) A region or quantity of land or water, of indefinite extent; an area; as, an unexplored tract of sea.
(v.) Traits; features; lineaments.
(v.) The footprint of a wild beast.
(v.) Track; trace.
(v.) Treatment; exposition.
(v.) Continuity or extension of anything; as, the tract of speech.
(v.) Continued or protracted duration; length; extent.
(v.) Verses of Scripture sung at Mass, instead of the Alleluia, from Septuagesima Sunday till the Saturday befor Easter; -- so called because sung tractim, or without a break, by one voice, instead of by many as in the antiphons.
(v. t.) To trace out; to track; also, to draw out; to protact.
Example Sentences:
(1) Within the outflow tract wall, the labelled cells were enmeshed by strands of alcian blue-stained extracellular matrix.
(2) Findings on plain X-ray of the abdomen, using the usual parameters of psoas and kidney shadows in the Nigerian, indicate that the two communities studied are similar but urinary calculi and urinary tract distortion are significantly more prominent in the community with the higher endemicity of urinary schistosomiasis.
(3) Sixteen patients (27%) manifested anomalies of the urinary tract: 12 had markedly altered kidneys, 8 of which were unilateral and ipsilateral to the diaphragmatic defect.
(4) Positivity was not correlated with current residence census tract socioeconomic indicators in black or white females.
(5) The course of urogenital tuberculosis is complicated by unspecific bacterial infections of the urinary tract and nephrolithiasis.
(6) They are best explained by interactions between central sympathetic activity, brainstem control of respiration and vasomotor activity, reflexes arising from around and within the respiratory tract, and the matching of ventilation to perfusion in the lungs.
(7) Febrile reactions were not distributed randomly among the patients; those with respiratory tract infection experienced more febrile reactions during periods with infection than during periods without.
(8) The pathogenicity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in atypical pneumonias can be considered confirmed according to the availabile literature; its importance for other inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract, particularly for chronic bronchitis, is not yet sufficiently clear.
(9) We present numerical methods for studying the relationship between the shape of the vocal tract and its acoustic output.
(10) A good understanding of upper gastrointestinal physiology is required to properly understand the pathophysiological events in various diseases or after operations on the upper gastrointestinal tract.
(11) The primary afferent fibers diverge in the brainstem into a short ascending and a long descending tract.
(12) About tow amyloid tumors diagnosed because of oropharyngeous signs, the authors remind the main symptoms at the upper airway and ENT tracts; the local, regional and general treatment will be discussed.
(13) Magnetic polyethyleneimine (PEI) microcapsules have been developed for trapping electrophilic intermediates in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
(14) Cholecystectomy provided successful treatment in three of the four patients but the fourth was too ill to undergo an operation; in general, definitive treatment is cholecystectomy, together with excision of the fistulous tract if this takes a direct path through the abdominal wall from the gallbladder, or curettage if the course is devious.
(15) Plasmid profiling was used to distinguish strains of lactobacilli inhabiting the digestive tract of piglets and the feces of sows.
(16) Urologic evaluation of all patients with congenital scoliosis is recommended; however, diagnostic ultrasonographic evaluations of the urinary tract have proven to be an acceptable alternative as an initial screening modality.
(17) A total of 38 patients underwent attempted percutaneous extraction of upper tract calculi with the Wolf nephroscope.
(18) A significant increase in the number of C. albicans CFU in homogenized and plated segments of the GI tract was recognized in mice with murine AIDS versus the control animals.
(19) Total white cell counts were reviewed in paediatric in-patients with viral gastroenteritis, bacterial gastroenteritis, delayed recovery following acute gastroenteritis, viral lower respiratory tract infections and cow's milk protein intolerance.
(20) Both Shigella and Salmonella transferred multi-drug resistance to some enterobacteria--E. coli and Proteus as well as to Salmonella typhimurium when the latter was also present in the intestinal tract; of these some 10--40 per cent acquire the multi-drug resistance of Salmonella heidelberg and Shigella sonnei.