(n.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain.
(n.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.
(n.) The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding.
(n.) The affections; fancy; imagination.
(v. t.) To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat.
(v. t.) To conceive; to understand.
Example Sentences:
(1) Here we have asked whether protection from blood-borne antigens afforded by the blood-brain barrier is related to the lack of MHC expression.
(2) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(3) First results let us assume that clinically silent TIAs also (in analogy to clinically silent brain infarctions) could be detected and located.
(4) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(5) The results indicated that neuropsychological measures may serve to broaden the concept of intelligence and that a brain-related criterion may contribute to a fuller understanding of its nature.
(6) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(7) However, CT will be insensitive in the detection of the more cephalic proximal lesions, especially those in the brain stem, basal cisterns, and skull base.
(8) The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy.
(9) We similarly evaluated the ability of other phospholipids to form stable foam at various concentrations and ethanol volume fractions and found: bovine brain sphingomyelin greater than dipalmitoyl 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine greater than egg sphingomyelin greater than egg lecithin greater than phosphatidylglycerol.
(10) This study examined the [3H]5-HT-releasing properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and related agents, all of which cause significant release of [3H]5-HT from rat brain synaptosomes.
(11) In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals.
(12) Cranial MRI revealed delayed myelination in the white matter but no brain malformation.
(13) When compared with lissencephalic species, a great horizontal fibrillary system (which is vertically arranged in gyral regions) was observed in convoluted brains.
(14) In more than 70 per cent of these, brain injury is the decisive lethal factor.
(15) Brain damage may be followed by a number of dynamic events including reactive synaptogenesis, rerouting of axons to unusual locations and altered axon retraction processes.
(16) Based on our results, we propose the following hypotheses for the neurochemical mechanisms of motion sickness: (1) the histaminergic neuron system is involved in the signs and symptoms of motion sickness, including vomiting; (2) the acetylcholinergic neuron system is involved in the processes of habituation to motion sickness, including neural store mechanisms; and (3) the catecholaminergic neuron system in the brain stem is not related to the development of motion sickness.
(17) The regional distribution of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes was found to be similar to that seen in the rat brain.
(18) We assessed changes in brain water content, as reflected by changes in tissue density, during the early recirculation period following severe forebrain ischemia.
(19) If tracer is introduced into the carotid artery after osmotic treatment, brain uptake is increased by a net factor of 50 (a factor of 70 due to elevation of PA, multiplied by 7 due to infusion by the carotid route) as compared to uptake by normal, untreated brain with infusion into a peripheral vein.
(20) This study examined both the effect of variations in optical fiber tip and in light wavelength on laser-induced hyperthermia in rat brain.
Homunculus
Definition:
(n.) A little man; a dwarf; a manikin.
Example Sentences:
(1) Here he clarifies the nature of these internal images, during on concrete examples from the image of infection and the image of self, the immunological homunculus.
(2) By assuming that people do perceive directly the behavioral properties of an event, the direct approach avoids the danger of putting too much emphasis on intelligence in perception and at the same time avoids the homunculus trap.
(3) In this regard, Coutinho's new network theory or Cohen and Young's theory of immunological homunculus nicely reconciles these aspects.
(4) The Hobbit is the tale of a hairy footed homunculus named Bilbo Baggins who sets out with 13 dwarves and a wizard, Gandalf, to wrest a priceless treasure from a sly old dragon.
(5) The thumb was larger than the middle finger, as in the homunculus.
(6) It is also hypothesized that the thalamic neurons are organized according to a master scheme representing a homunculus in the fetal position.
(7) Somatotopic maps produced with this technique showed slight differences to the 'classic' homunculus obtained from studies using direct cortical stimulation.
(8) PV represented the contralateral body surface in a somatotopic manner that can be roughly characterized as an inverted "homunculus" with the limbs directed medially, the trunk located ventrally, and the face congruent with the representations of the upper lip and nose in S-I.
(9) To our knowledge, this is the first instance of an ovarian homunculus occurring simultaneously with an intrauterine pregnancy.
(10) The experiences obtained during 30 years work with the deep electrodes gave the possibility to formulate some psychophysiological concepts of 1) memory, 2) vertical homunculus and 3) cooperation between limbic system and hypothalamus.
(11) Cortical representation was larger for the index finger than for the little finger and for the middle finger than for the ring finger, which are similar to findings in the monkey but different from Penfield's classic sensory homunculus.
(12) Taken together, the computed tomographic correlations with the syndromes of hemiparesis showed only slight support for the classical view of a homunculus in the internal capsule.
(13) Stimulation of the motor cortex transcranially has shown a rough somatotopy of stimulation sites on the scalp corresponding to the homunculus and preferential activation of contralateral hand muscles, as well as very short latencies of signals in the cervical spinal cord.
(14) The pathologic and radiographic findings of a homunculus originating in a mature ovarian teratoma are described and compared with those of 22 cases reported in the literature.
(15) The undersurface of the tongue starting from the tip of the tongue in the mid-line and going towards the root of the tongue along the frenulum in the mouth represents one kind of homunculus consisting of the neck, face, head, ears, upper & lower extremities and back of the body.
(16) January 27, 2014 According to Merriam-Webster , Homunculus means "a little man" and "a miniature adult that in the theory of preformation is held to inhabit the germ cell and to produce a mature individual merely by an increase in size."
(17) Those variations that occur do so mainly by confusion within the motor homunculus, rather than by its movement as a whole across the cortex.
(18) This interpretation is free of homunculus, as well as from the criticism raised against the cognitive model of symbol manipulation.
(19) The Hobbit is based on the adventures of Bilbo Baggins, a hairy-footed homunculus who lives in a land, Middle-earth, which is filled with wizards, elves, goblins and trolls.
(20) The theory of the immunological homunculus is presented here as a unifying principle.