What's the difference between brain and myelencephalon?
Brain
Definition:
(n.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain.
(n.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.
(n.) The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding.
(n.) The affections; fancy; imagination.
(v. t.) To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat.
(v. t.) To conceive; to understand.
Example Sentences:
(1) Here we have asked whether protection from blood-borne antigens afforded by the blood-brain barrier is related to the lack of MHC expression.
(2) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(3) First results let us assume that clinically silent TIAs also (in analogy to clinically silent brain infarctions) could be detected and located.
(4) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(5) The results indicated that neuropsychological measures may serve to broaden the concept of intelligence and that a brain-related criterion may contribute to a fuller understanding of its nature.
(6) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(7) However, CT will be insensitive in the detection of the more cephalic proximal lesions, especially those in the brain stem, basal cisterns, and skull base.
(8) The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy.
(9) We similarly evaluated the ability of other phospholipids to form stable foam at various concentrations and ethanol volume fractions and found: bovine brain sphingomyelin greater than dipalmitoyl 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine greater than egg sphingomyelin greater than egg lecithin greater than phosphatidylglycerol.
(10) This study examined the [3H]5-HT-releasing properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and related agents, all of which cause significant release of [3H]5-HT from rat brain synaptosomes.
(11) In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals.
(12) Cranial MRI revealed delayed myelination in the white matter but no brain malformation.
(13) When compared with lissencephalic species, a great horizontal fibrillary system (which is vertically arranged in gyral regions) was observed in convoluted brains.
(14) In more than 70 per cent of these, brain injury is the decisive lethal factor.
(15) Brain damage may be followed by a number of dynamic events including reactive synaptogenesis, rerouting of axons to unusual locations and altered axon retraction processes.
(16) Based on our results, we propose the following hypotheses for the neurochemical mechanisms of motion sickness: (1) the histaminergic neuron system is involved in the signs and symptoms of motion sickness, including vomiting; (2) the acetylcholinergic neuron system is involved in the processes of habituation to motion sickness, including neural store mechanisms; and (3) the catecholaminergic neuron system in the brain stem is not related to the development of motion sickness.
(17) The regional distribution of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes was found to be similar to that seen in the rat brain.
(18) We assessed changes in brain water content, as reflected by changes in tissue density, during the early recirculation period following severe forebrain ischemia.
(19) If tracer is introduced into the carotid artery after osmotic treatment, brain uptake is increased by a net factor of 50 (a factor of 70 due to elevation of PA, multiplied by 7 due to infusion by the carotid route) as compared to uptake by normal, untreated brain with infusion into a peripheral vein.
(20) This study examined both the effect of variations in optical fiber tip and in light wavelength on laser-induced hyperthermia in rat brain.
Myelencephalon
Definition:
(n.) The brain and spinal cord; the cerebro-spinal axis; the neuron. Sometimes abbreviated to myelencephal.
(n.) The metencephalon.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the myelencephalon, labelled perikarya were detected only in the caudal half of the nucleus of the solitary tract.
(2) Pax8 is expressed transiently between 11.5 and 12.5 days of gestation along the rostrocaudal axis extending from the myelencephalon throughout the length of the neural tube, predominantly in two parallel regions on either side of the basal plate.
(3) The brain was divided into three parts, containing the telencephalon, mesencephalon, and myelencephalon.
(4) The presence of atypical indolamine-immunoreactive (IAI) neurones in the dorsal myelencephalon of the rat was demonstrated by means of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunocytochemistry.
(5) Using an anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antiserum, the whole of catecholaminergic perikarya of the myelencephalon and metencephalon of the sheep were visualized immunocytochemically.
(6) The earliest staining for both proteins is seen at embryonic day 9 in the myelencephalon, initially as fiber staining followed by cell body staining in the developing facial and acoustic nuclei.
(7) NTE activity was highest in the telencephalon and cerebellum, and brainstem activity progressively decreased moving caudally with the myelencephalon approaching reported spinal cord levels.
(8) They also occurred in the mesencephalic nucleus lateralis valvulae, in the metencephalic nucleus gustatorius secundus and near the ventricular borders of the facial and vagal lobes in the myelencephalon.
(9) The initial fusion of apposing neural folds occurred at the level of the intermediate point between the third and fourth somites (i.e., in the caudal myelencephalon) and proceeded both rostrally and caudally.
(10) In some mammals, mast cells were also numerous in the stroma of the telencephalic choroid plexuses (chimpanzee, squirrel monkey), the putamen and the claustrum (chimpanzee), the subfornical organ (pack rat, tiger, chimpanzee), the olfactory peduncles (hooded rat, albino rat), the stroma of the diencephalic choroid plexus (lion, chimpanzee, squirrel monkey), the pineal organ (chimpanzee, squirrel monkey), some nuclei of the hypothalamus (tiger), the infundibulum (hooded rat, tiger, fox) the area postrema (pack rat, chinchilla, lion, spider monkey, chimpanzee, fox) and some nuclei and tracts of the metencephalon and the myelencephalon (tiger).
(11) In both genera, there were numerous 5-HT+ and LENK+ fusiform cells paralleling the ventral surface of the metencephalon and myelencephalon.
(12) There is a bilateral projection from the large interstitial cells of the mesencephalic posterior commissure, and in the myelencephalon, a mainly contralateral projection from interstitial cells of the vagus-glossopharyngeal nerve.
(13) High concentrations of total radioactivity were observed by autoradiography in the midbrain and hindbrain (mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon) and spinal cord, but not in the forebrain.
(14) Dividing the spinal cord at C2 prevented pressor effects of intraventricular nicotine; those of intravenous nicotine were unaltered.6 In young chicks, nicotine infused into the diencephalon, telencephalon and myelencephalon induced effects similar to those observed immediately after intraventricular nicotine, i.e.
(15) The continuous disorganization was seen from the olfactory placode to the myelencephalon with rosettes of cells and many dense bodies in the neuroepithelium.
(16) In the myelencephalon, labeled cells are described at the dorsal edge of the medulla and scattered lateral to nXII.
(17) Immature SP-positive cells initially appear at embryonic day 12 (E12) in the epithalamus and in a column of cells extending from the myelencephalon throughout the length of the neural tube.
(18) In addition, putative A1, A2, A5, A7 (noradrenergic) groups were found in the metencephalon and myelencephalon.
(19) Since the drug was still effective in cats of which the brain was removed rostrad of the myelencephalon but not in spinal animals, its site of action was concluded to be in cardiovascular centres of the medulla oblongata.
(20) In situ hybridization with 35S-labelled antisense riboprobes derived from Ghox 2.1 demonstrates that this gene is expressed at high levels in spinal chord, myelencephalon and mesonephros.