(n.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain.
(n.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.
(n.) The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding.
(n.) The affections; fancy; imagination.
(v. t.) To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat.
(v. t.) To conceive; to understand.
Example Sentences:
(1) Here we have asked whether protection from blood-borne antigens afforded by the blood-brain barrier is related to the lack of MHC expression.
(2) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(3) First results let us assume that clinically silent TIAs also (in analogy to clinically silent brain infarctions) could be detected and located.
(4) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(5) The results indicated that neuropsychological measures may serve to broaden the concept of intelligence and that a brain-related criterion may contribute to a fuller understanding of its nature.
(6) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(7) However, CT will be insensitive in the detection of the more cephalic proximal lesions, especially those in the brain stem, basal cisterns, and skull base.
(8) The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy.
(9) We similarly evaluated the ability of other phospholipids to form stable foam at various concentrations and ethanol volume fractions and found: bovine brain sphingomyelin greater than dipalmitoyl 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine greater than egg sphingomyelin greater than egg lecithin greater than phosphatidylglycerol.
(10) This study examined the [3H]5-HT-releasing properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and related agents, all of which cause significant release of [3H]5-HT from rat brain synaptosomes.
(11) In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals.
(12) Cranial MRI revealed delayed myelination in the white matter but no brain malformation.
(13) When compared with lissencephalic species, a great horizontal fibrillary system (which is vertically arranged in gyral regions) was observed in convoluted brains.
(14) In more than 70 per cent of these, brain injury is the decisive lethal factor.
(15) Brain damage may be followed by a number of dynamic events including reactive synaptogenesis, rerouting of axons to unusual locations and altered axon retraction processes.
(16) Based on our results, we propose the following hypotheses for the neurochemical mechanisms of motion sickness: (1) the histaminergic neuron system is involved in the signs and symptoms of motion sickness, including vomiting; (2) the acetylcholinergic neuron system is involved in the processes of habituation to motion sickness, including neural store mechanisms; and (3) the catecholaminergic neuron system in the brain stem is not related to the development of motion sickness.
(17) The regional distribution of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes was found to be similar to that seen in the rat brain.
(18) We assessed changes in brain water content, as reflected by changes in tissue density, during the early recirculation period following severe forebrain ischemia.
(19) If tracer is introduced into the carotid artery after osmotic treatment, brain uptake is increased by a net factor of 50 (a factor of 70 due to elevation of PA, multiplied by 7 due to infusion by the carotid route) as compared to uptake by normal, untreated brain with infusion into a peripheral vein.
(20) This study examined both the effect of variations in optical fiber tip and in light wavelength on laser-induced hyperthermia in rat brain.
Neuromere
Definition:
(n.) A metameric segment of the cerebro-spinal nervous system.
Example Sentences:
(1) However, the pattern in the central nervous system (CNS) and mesoderm is further restricted; the major expression located in the labial neuromere of the CNS and the mesoderm of the first thoracic segment.
(2) Arborizations of motoneurons are not restricted to their neuromere of origin but invade adjacent neuromeres, resulting in regions of dendritic overlap of motoneurons to different muscles.
(3) Six of these neurons have cell bodies in the thoracic neuromeres and 12 in the fused abdominal neuromeres.
(4) The midline glia then defasciculates as neuroblasts begin to aggregate into neuromeres.
(5) Taken together, our results suggest that Wnt-3 and Dlx-1 provide positional information for the regional specification of neuromeres in the forebrain.
(6) The case is characterized by successful counteracting the main clinical manifestations of Raynaud's phenomenon by the local metameric application of cerebrolysin (neuromeric, scleromeric puncturing) employed by the authors for the first time for the disease treatment.
(7) The most protruding zone in the preotic sulcus formed the eighth neuromere and was located adjacent to the first branchial arch and the trigeminal ganglion.
(8) Type 1: Unilateral interneurons in the metathoracic neuromere; soma in anterior position; arborization dorsal, in anterolateral, posterolateral, and midline regions.
(9) Tactile receptors have smaller arbors, which are located in a ventral region of the thoracic neuromere.
(10) Processes of leucokinin I immunoreactive (LKIR) neurons were distributed throughout the nervous system, but immunoreactive cell bodies were not found in all neuromeres.
(11) The most protruding zone in the otic sulcus also formed the 11th neuromere and was located adjacent to the second branchial arch.
(12) In the wandering spider Cupiennius salei, the functional neuroanatomy of leg mechanosensory receptor neurons and interneurons associated with a single leg neuromere was investigated by combined intracellular recording and Lucifer yellow ionophoresis.
(13) Type 2: Unilateral interneurons in the metathoracic neuromere; neurite with characteristic hairpin bend; soma in lateral position; arborization through the lateral neuropil region.
(14) Early neuroblasts appear as separate, distinct groups within specific matrix territories at the center of the transverse neuromeric segments.
(15) Examination of scanning electron micrographs of 4-, 8-, 12- and 16-somite-stage embryos has shown that the neuromeres develop in a strictly ordered pattern but the sequence is not ordered in either a rostrocaudal or caudorostral direction.
(16) This nucleus, with a moniliform aspect, extends into the first two cervical neuromeres and enters the bulb, where it is continuous with the alpha subdivision of the hypoglossal nucleus.
(17) Based on these observations a description is given of the neuromeres present within the prosencephalon and of the termination of the sulcus limitans.
(18) The type 1 SE cells seem to possess neuronal functions, as deduced from morphological similarities to their counterparts in adults and the specialized distribution closely related to neuromeres.
(19) Golgi impregnation and intracellular dye filling show that local interneurons originate in ventral sensory neuropiles of leg neuromeres and ascend dorsally to terminate amongst dendrites of motor neurons.
(20) Around embryonic day 11.5, Wnt-3 expression becomes restricted to one of the neuromeres of the diencephalon, the dorsal thalamus.