(n.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain.
(n.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.
(n.) The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding.
(n.) The affections; fancy; imagination.
(v. t.) To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat.
(v. t.) To conceive; to understand.
Example Sentences:
(1) Here we have asked whether protection from blood-borne antigens afforded by the blood-brain barrier is related to the lack of MHC expression.
(2) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(3) First results let us assume that clinically silent TIAs also (in analogy to clinically silent brain infarctions) could be detected and located.
(4) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(5) The results indicated that neuropsychological measures may serve to broaden the concept of intelligence and that a brain-related criterion may contribute to a fuller understanding of its nature.
(6) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(7) However, CT will be insensitive in the detection of the more cephalic proximal lesions, especially those in the brain stem, basal cisterns, and skull base.
(8) The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy.
(9) We similarly evaluated the ability of other phospholipids to form stable foam at various concentrations and ethanol volume fractions and found: bovine brain sphingomyelin greater than dipalmitoyl 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine greater than egg sphingomyelin greater than egg lecithin greater than phosphatidylglycerol.
(10) This study examined the [3H]5-HT-releasing properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and related agents, all of which cause significant release of [3H]5-HT from rat brain synaptosomes.
(11) In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals.
(12) Cranial MRI revealed delayed myelination in the white matter but no brain malformation.
(13) When compared with lissencephalic species, a great horizontal fibrillary system (which is vertically arranged in gyral regions) was observed in convoluted brains.
(14) In more than 70 per cent of these, brain injury is the decisive lethal factor.
(15) Brain damage may be followed by a number of dynamic events including reactive synaptogenesis, rerouting of axons to unusual locations and altered axon retraction processes.
(16) Based on our results, we propose the following hypotheses for the neurochemical mechanisms of motion sickness: (1) the histaminergic neuron system is involved in the signs and symptoms of motion sickness, including vomiting; (2) the acetylcholinergic neuron system is involved in the processes of habituation to motion sickness, including neural store mechanisms; and (3) the catecholaminergic neuron system in the brain stem is not related to the development of motion sickness.
(17) The regional distribution of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes was found to be similar to that seen in the rat brain.
(18) We assessed changes in brain water content, as reflected by changes in tissue density, during the early recirculation period following severe forebrain ischemia.
(19) If tracer is introduced into the carotid artery after osmotic treatment, brain uptake is increased by a net factor of 50 (a factor of 70 due to elevation of PA, multiplied by 7 due to infusion by the carotid route) as compared to uptake by normal, untreated brain with infusion into a peripheral vein.
(20) This study examined both the effect of variations in optical fiber tip and in light wavelength on laser-induced hyperthermia in rat brain.
Sulcus
Definition:
(n.) A furrow; a groove; a fissure.
Example Sentences:
(1) A total of 63 patients (95%) showed varying degrees of hyperostosis involving the cribiform plate, planum sphenoidale, or tuberculum sellae (including the chiasmatic sulcus).
(2) Several types of neurons were differentiated on the basis of a study of neuronal activity in various parts of the cortex near the sulcus principalis during the execution of spatial delayed reactions by monkeys.
(3) It was established that the different types of neurons are represented in different numbers in different parts of the cortex near the sulcus principalis.
(4) For example, in the lightly innervated fundus of the principal sulcus (area 46), labeled fibers were primarily present in layer I and layers V-VI, whereas in area 9, the most densely innervated region, TH-labeled fibers were present in all cortical layers.
(5) Insertion of the material after careful tailoring to the individual patient's own mandibular size and configuration requires a generous posterior lower buccal sulcus incision.
(6) The average width of the ciliary sulcus is 11.1 mm, indicating that a 12.5 mm IOL is of a sufficient size to be firmly fixed in this sulcus.
(7) Pathological examination showed both haptics located in the ciliary sulcus.
(8) When the knee was in extension compared to 30 degrees flexion, the sulcus angle was greater, the lateral patellofemoral angle was smaller, there was more lateral patellar displacement, the patella tilted more laterally, and the congruence angle was directed more laterally.
(9) The populations of cells labelled following phrenic and thoracic injections overlapped, primarily at the lateral edge of the cruciate sulcus.
(10) For accurate localization of the central sulcus by cortical SEP's, the distribution of potentials must be analyzed with extensive exposure of the sensorimotor cortex.
(11) Histological findings in control specimens from 13 subjects showed parakeratinization for varying distances in the sulcus epithelium apical to the gingival crest.
(12) The area corresponding to the location of the highest concentration of GnRH-containing axons was observed to be largely avascular and separated from the vessels of the tuberoinfundibular sulcus by a "border zone" composed of glial foot processes.
(13) Gingival blood flow and temperature were monitored continuously before and after cooling via a twin probe placed in the gingival sulcus on the buccal of tooth No.
(14) Here the fornix-transected group was impaired but the group with sulcus principalis ablations was normal.
(15) A cyto- and myeloarchitectonic parcellation of the superior temporal sulcus and surrounding cortex in the rhesus monkey has been correlated with the pattern of afferent cortical connections from ipsilateral temporal, parietal and occipital lobes, studied by both silver impregnation and autoradiographic techniques.
(16) During the opening of the sulcus spiralis internus the inner supporting cells become considerably smaller, some of them undergo complete destruction by cytolysis, with pyknosis and karyorrhexis.
(17) Spirochetes appear to grow preferentially on the external surface of subgingival plaque in close contact to the gingival tissue of the deepened sulcus.
(18) The labial cleft is continued in the sulcus papillae palatinae.
(19) The anterior portion of the "cingulate corticospinal area" in the lower bank of the cingulate sulcus; 2.
(20) In the case of the suppurative reaction, pus drained along a root surface, destroying the periodontal ligament and interradicular bone until it emerged at the gingival sulcus.