(n.) A genus of plants embracing several species and varieties differing much in appearance and qualities: such as the common cabbage (B. oleracea), broccoli, cauliflowers, etc.; the wild turnip (B. campestris); the common turnip (B. rapa); the rape or coleseed (B. napus), etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) Thus, although the genes involved in self-incompatibility in Brassica and Nicotiana are not homologous in their coding regions, signals for expression of these genes are apparently conserved between the two genera.
(2) A cDNA clone encoding a Brassica napus drought-induced 22 kDa (BnD22) protein has been isolated and characterized.
(3) The coding sequence of both B. napus genes are highly homologous (96% and 93% respectively) to a Brassica campestris ACP cDNA sequence, suggesting that they may have evolved from this ancestral gene.
(4) This is the first study in which an attempt has been made to define the inducing compounds in Brassica vegetables by feeding the individual purified glucosinolates.
(5) The sequence is reported of a cDNA molecule homologous to an mRNA from stigma tissue of Brassica oleracea plants homozygous for the S5 self-incompatibility allele.
(6) In both studies the mean plasma half-life of caffeine was reduced by approximately 20% following a Brassica diet, suggesting that Brassica vegetables stimulate caffeine metabolism.
(7) No binding with either toxin form could be observed with hemocytes of P. brassicae.
(8) The two Brassica species and R. sativa contain roughly equal amounts (12-14 kb) of cpDNA sequences integrated within their 208-242 kb mtDNAs.
(9) This would suggest that the duplications which gave rise to the different members occurred independently in the two groups of species after separation of Arabidopsis from the Brassica lineage.
(10) Antibodies were raised against the major seed apolipoproteins of Brassica napus, Sinapis alba and Raphanus sativum.
(11) Both protoxin and activated toxin bound to primary midgut cell cultures of Pieris brassicae larvae as well as to cells of an established culture of Drosophila melanogaster.
(12) The presence of a fragment of polyA resistant to both T1 and p ribonucleases in mRNAs extracted from wing imaginal disks of an insect, Pieris brassicae, is reported.
(13) The successful transfer of a marker gene (hpt gene) from Brassica nigra into B. napus via direct gene transfer was demonstrated.
(14) In ligand blotting experiments the toxin bound proteins of 120 kDa in M. sexta, 125 kDa in P. brassicae and numerous proteins in H. zea.
(15) Levels of indolylglucosinolates in Brassica vegetables correlated significantly with the amounts of N-nitroso compounds formed in these vegetables after nitrite treatment.
(16) An ATP-independent DNA topoisomerase has been isolated from chloroplasts of cauliflower leaves (Brassica oleracea var.
(17) These results show the development in the rhizosphere of Brassica campestris of a very active microbiological process of insoluble phosphorus mineral compounds dissolution; thus, the growing of Brassica may be expected to raise the phosphorous fertility level of the soil.
(18) Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase was purified from Brassica juncea leaves approximately 4000-fold, to homogeneity.
(19) When fused to napin regulatory sequences, the exotoxin gene specifically arrested embryo development in the seeds of transgenic Brassica napus plants concomitant with the onset of napin expression.
(20) Sequence analysis of the Ogura-specific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragment isolated previously from Brassica cybrids carrying Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) revealed a tRNA(fMet) sequence, a putative 138 amino acid open reading frame (orf138), and a 158 amino acid ORF (orf158) previously observed in mitochondrial genomes from several other plant species.
Sinigrin
Definition:
(n.) A glucoside found in the seeds of black mustard (Brassica nigra, formerly Sinapis nigra) It resembles sinalbin, and consists of a potassium salt of myronic acid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Chronic, but not acute, pretreatment with sinigrin also caused a significant decrease in the demethylation of NDMA and NNK.
(2) The effects of dietary sinigrin and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on DNA methylation and O6-methylguanine--DNA-transmethylase activity, factors which may be of importance in the induction of tumorigenicity by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), were investigated.
(3) Additionally, the effects of dietary sinigrin on NNK tumorigenicity were assessed in a two-year bioassay in F344 rats.
(4) No formation of thiocyanate ion was observed on incubation of sinigrin with thioglucosidase.
(5) The contrary effects on NNK-induced hepatic DNA methylation by sinigrin and I3C, two major components of cruciferous vegetables, demonstrate the complexities of dietary modulation of carcinogenesis.
(6) When glucusinolates that were found in Brussels sprouts (sinigrin, progoitrin, glucobrassicin and glucotropaeolin) were fed separately to rats, only the indole glucosinolate, glucobrassicin, induced MFO activity (causing induction in the small intestines of the rats).
(7) These results suggested that dietary sinigrin might reduce the incidence of NNK-induced hepatic tumors with no effect on NNK tumorigenesis of the lung and nasal cavity, whereas I3C might increase hepatic tumor incidence and reduce NNK tumorigenesis of the lung and nasal cavity.
(8) However, dietary sinigrin plus NNK resulted in a significant incidence of pancreatic tumors, a rare occurrence in F344 rats.
(9) Rats dosed with heated meal, containing intact glucosinolate, showed a slight increase of thiocyanate ion in the urine as compared with control rats dosed with water, while a relatively large increase followed dosing with sinigrin.
(10) No effects on O6-methylguanine--DNA-transmethylase activity were observed in tissue extracts derived from the livers, lungs and nasal mucosae of rats fed diets containing sinigrin or I3C.
(11) spectra of sinigrin and some closely related compounds have been analyzed.
(12) In view of their promising inhibitory activities, the effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate and sinigrin on the in vivo methylation of DNA by NDMA and NNK were evaluated.
(13) Phenethyl isothiocyanate, phenyl isothiocyanate and sinigrin generally inhibited the formation of 7-methylguanine and O6-methylguanine in rat hepatic DNA.
(14) The bioassay results showed that dietary sinigrin had no effect on NNK tumorigenesis in these target tissues.
(15) Dietary-related indoles, isothiocyanates, and the allyl isothiocyanate glucosinolate, sinigrin, were administered to F344 rats in the diet for 2 weeks (chronic protocol) or by gavage 2 h before sacrifice (acute protocol) and the effects of these pretreatments on the alpha-hydroxylation of two carcinogenic nitrosamines, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), were evaluated.
(16) While the results from DNA methylation studies are in agreement with the bioassay data for lung and nasal cavity, the absence of any inhibitory effect of dietary sinigrin on NNK hepatic tumorigenesis indicates that factors other than DNA methylation and O6-methylguanine repair should be considered in assessing the effects of dietary compounds on NNK hepatic tumorigenesis.
(17) Preincubation with sinigrin yielded similar negative results as CO and piperonylbutoxide.