What's the difference between bribery and graft?

Bribery


Definition:

  • (n.) Robbery; extortion.
  • (n.) The act or practice of giving or taking bribes; the act of influencing the official or political action of another by corrupt inducements.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) No evidence has been produced that she was personally involved in the bribery, but some are wondering whether the Petrobras scandal might turn into a Watergate for her.
  • (2) Secrecy was encouraged and bribery, threats, and peer pressure used to induce participation in sexual activities.
  • (3) Special prosecutors investigating Park’s relationship with her longtime confidante , Choi Soon-sil, had demanded Lee’s arrest on charges of bribery, embezzlement and perjury.
  • (4) Britain's Serious Fraud Office has launched a formal criminal investigation into GlaxoSmithKline's sales practices, piling further pressure on the drugmaker which is already being investigated by Chinese authorities and elsewhere amid allegations of bribery.
  • (5) In 1998 the Law Commission recommended general reform of the bribery laws, but a draft bill in 2003 failed to win broad support in pre-legislative scrutiny.
  • (6) The verdicts came as GSK finds itself the target of a separate corruption investigation in China after a whistleblower raised allegations of widespread bribery.
  • (7) Vince Cable, the business secretary, who was savagely critical of BAE over bribery allegations whilst in opposition in 2010 , said: "It is a very, very important decision and has major implications for the country, both in terms of employment and national security.
  • (8) • In Nigeria , Rolls-Royce failed to prevent bribery in relation to two contracts for which it was bidding.
  • (9) He said there was no legal guidance given to reporters on the matter until the Bribery Act came out in 2010.
  • (10) The judicial screws are tightening on Rupert Murdoch's empire in America as the US justice department prepares to subpoena News Corporation in its investigation into whether the company broke anti-bribery and hacking laws on both sides of the Atlantic.
  • (11) This is some "Englishman's castle", merely the direct result of half a century of political bribery .
  • (12) It starts with bribery or intimidation of officials, then there's threats and violence against those people.
  • (13) In its report, the FCA said: "Given our strong regulatory focus and previous publications on anti-money laundering and anti-bribery and corruption we expected firms to have taken more action.
  • (14) TeliaSonera, also under investigation in the United States and the Netherlands, denies allegations of bribery and money-laundering, but has acknowledged that “the processes for conducting some transactions have not been in line with sound business practices”.
  • (15) The company is potentially liable under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), which bans US-based companies from profiting from bribery and corruption in other countries.
  • (16) Anti-corruption campaigners have criticised the SFO for letting BAE plead guilty to minor offences and a small penalty to end years of bribery investigations.
  • (17) A jury has convicted former Virginia governor Bob McDonnell and his wife Maureen of corruption, fraud and bribery, after the couple accepted more than $165,000 in gifts and loans from a businessman.
  • (18) The Liberal Democrats, the only major political party not implicated in charges of collusion with past bribery on arms deals, last night joined anti-corruption campaigners in welcoming the findings: David Howarth, their justice spokesman, said "This is a devastating report."
  • (19) Several Congress members have called for the company to be held accountable under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, a federal law that punishes firms based in the US that engage in bribery abroad.
  • (20) Therefore, we still have to wait and see if this is a real case or not.” Earlier this year, in a response straight from the Blatter playbook, he also led the charge against “racist” media allegations of bribery against the Qatar 2022 World Cup bid.“We will face all these racist attempts and attacks and will stand with Qatar,” he declared.

Graft


Definition:

  • (n.) A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.
  • (n.) A branch or portion of a tree growing from such a shoot.
  • (n.) A portion of living tissue used in the operation of autoplasty.
  • (n.) To insert (a graft) in a branch or stem of another tree; to propagate by insertion in another stock; also, to insert a graft upon.
  • (n.) To implant a portion of (living flesh or akin) in a lesion so as to form an organic union.
  • (n.) To join (one thing) to another as if by grafting, so as to bring about a close union.
  • (n.) To cover, as a ring bolt, block strap, splicing, etc., with a weaving of small cord or rope-yarns.
  • (v. i.) To insert scions from one tree, or kind of tree, etc., into another; to practice grafting.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) In this study of ten consecutive patients sustaining molten metal injuries to the lower extremity who were treated with excision and grafting, treatment with compression Unna paste boot was compared with that with conventional dressing.
  • (2) These immunocytochemical studies clearly demonstrated that cells encountered within the fibrous intimal thickening in the vein graft were inevitably smooth muscle cell in origin.
  • (3) An effective graft-surveillance protocol needs to be applicable to all patients; practical in terms of time, effort, and cost; reliable; and able to detect, grade, and assess progression of lesions.
  • (4) On the basis of 180 interventions, they describe in detail the use of fibrin glue in myringo- and tympanoplasty for correct fixing of grafts.
  • (5) Graft life is even more prolonged with patch angioplasty at venous outflow stenoses or by adding a new segment of PTFE to bypass areas of venous stenosis.
  • (6) In dorsoventral (DV) reversed wings at both shoulder or flank level, the motor axons do not alter their course as they enter the graft.
  • (7) The article describes an unusual case with development of a right anterior mediastinal mass after bypass surgery with internal mammary artery grafts.
  • (8) In our experience DSA is a safe, specific means of following postoperative grafts and diagnosing their occlusion.
  • (9) Factors associated with higher incidence of rejection included loose sutures, traumatic wound dehiscence, and grafts larger than 8.5 mm.
  • (10) The result of this study demonstrates that both the "hat" and "inverted" type grafts are highly successful and satisfactory procedures.
  • (11) It is concluded that fibroblast replication is an important mechanism leading to the pathologic fibrosis seen in graft versus host disease and, by analogy, probably other types of immunologically mediated fibrosis.
  • (12) The in vivo approach consisted of interspecies grafting between quail and chick embryos.
  • (13) Attachment of the graft to the wound is similar with and without the addition of human basic fibroblast growth factor, a potent angiogenic agent, to the skin replacement before graft placement on wounds.
  • (14) A conduit of a diameter of 23 mm was made by hand with a glutaraldehyde preserved xenopericardial graft.
  • (15) The remaining grafts appeared to be incorporated securely, as determined by radiographic examination.
  • (16) Attempts were made to prolong the survival of the grafts by the use of cytotosine arabinoside, methylprednisolone, heparin and azathioprine.
  • (17) Grafts of intermediate thickness (M III) showed excellent clinical healing of the donor and the recipient site.
  • (18) It was recently demonstrated that MRL-lpr lymphoid cells transferred into lethally irradiated MRL- +mice unexpectedly failed to induce the early onset of lupus syndrome and massive lymphadenopathy of the donor, instead they caused a severe wasting syndrome resembling graft-vs-host (GvH) disease.
  • (19) Living nonrelated transplants and 0-haplotype matched transplants did well initially at 1-year graft survival but there was a decrease in graft survival in these transplant groups at 2 and 3 years.
  • (20) Fascia TM grafts atrophied in 35 of 43 ears (80%), and perichondrium atrophied in 8 of 20 ears (40%).