(1) The pullets were housed in battery brooder pens with raised wire floors.
(2) In the brooder study, neither total mortality nor mortality from SDS was significantly affected by cereal type.
(3) One-half of the birds from each treatment were immediately given access to feed and water in pens of brooder batteries; the remainder were held 3 days in transportation boxes before placement in other pens of the same batteries.
(4) The control of ectoparasites, before the use of modern insecticides, became vastly simplified as mechanical incubators and brooders replaced the hen, and as the birds were provided with better housing.
(5) An experiment with a factorial arrangement of treatments using four levels of dietary lactate (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5% calcium lactate) and four levels of dietary glucose (0, 15, 30, and 45% cerelose) was conducted to determine the effect of these compounds on the incidence of sudden death syndrome (SDS) in 1,280 male broiler chickens reared in battery brooder cages to 4 wk of age.
(6) Half the chicks in each experiment was brooded Days 1 to 7 on brooding paper, which covered the litter within a brooder ring.
(7) In the second experiment, birds were reared either in battery brooders and grow-out cages or floor pens from Day 1 to 63.
(8) A high incidence of a dermatitis on the upper part of the beak was also observed in poults maintained in battery brooders but not in floor pens.
(9) In Experiment 1, birds were maintained in battery brooders for 21 days then housed in floor pens from Day 22 to 70.
(10) Three experiments using day-old chicks were conducted in battery brooders to further study the rye-vitamin D antagonism.
(11) Six experiments were conducted with male broiler chicks kept in battery brooders to investigate the effects of feeding diets high in copper on the integrity of the gizzard lining.
(12) The chicks were naturally infected with MAS, whereas hatchmates fed the same diets but in a separate facility (battery brooder) did not exhibit signs of MAS and, therefore, were considered controls.
(13) In the first two experiments, the broilers were raised in floor pens to 6 wk of age, and in the third experiment they were raised in battery-brooder cages to 4 wk of age.
(14) The birds were kept in separate wire-floored brooders and growout batteries, fed unmedicated broiler-starter rations ad libitum, and killed 7 days postchallenge.
(15) Four hundred and eighty Hubbard x Hubbard broilers were randomly placed in battery brooders, with 10 birds per pen.
(16) Corn-soybean meal diets calculated to contain 1.5% calcium and either .35, .55, .75, .95, or 1.15% available phosphorus were fed to battery brooder reared poults for 3 weeks.
(17) Day-old White Mountain cockerels were reared in electrically-heated battery brooders and given access to either a 23% protein control ration (no choice) or two diets containing 10% or 60% protein with or without supplemental amino acids.
(18) The drop in infected cells was restored to control values if chicks were returned to brooder temperatures.
(19) The poults were housed in battery brooders with wire screen floors in four experiments" and in floor pens with litter in one experiment.
(20) Day-old Cobb x Cobb broiler chicks were housed in battery brooders for 21-day feeding periods during two experiments.