(1) Valvular stenoses of the bronchi and especially of the bronchioles in various types of primary pulmonary disease are of considerable importance etiologically.
(2) It was also found that bunitrolol in the dosages tested is a much more potent beta-blocking drug in the bronchi compared to practolol in the dosages tested were equivalent.
(3) It is suggested that lung ventilation takes place in the avian embryo in three distinct stages: the major air-ways become aerated, then respiratory movements begin and lastly the tertiary bronchi are slowly aerated.
(4) The blood flow contributions and drainage patterns of the pulmonary and systemic circulations in the upper airways (trachea and main bronchi) were assessed in anesthetized dogs by injecting 15-micron radiolabeled microspheres into the right and left heart, respectively.
(5) The bronchi were involved more often than the trachea and the foreign body was located more frequently at the right bronchus (38 pt).
(6) 7 cases with bronchiectasis of left lower lobe and lingular segment were treated with left lower lobectomy and extirpation of the bronchi of lingular segment.
(7) Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the trachea was performed in twenty-one children with congenital or acquired narrowing of the trachea or main bronchi.
(8) These findings indicate structural abnormalities in the secretory apparatus of neuroendocrine cells in dysplastic bronchi and correlate with experimental observations of aberrant hormonal production associated with bronchial dysplasia.
(9) In the genesis of small airways obstruction (SAO) we have to consider two alterations with different prognoses: the first, in which the obstruction depends on a reduction of the diameters of the small bronchi (i.e.
(10) In two of the cases in which almost the whole lungs were studied on continuous slice images with thin slice high resolution CT, sub-sub-subsegmental bronchi could be easily delineated, except in for the lingular segment.
(11) These histologic changes were not observed in the recipient bronchi during acute rejection, nor were they seen in the donor and the recipient bronchi during lung infection without rejection.
(12) At 1 week after infection, mycoplasma cells were found in large numbers in the bronchi at the surface of bronchial epithelial cells and, in smaller numbers, in the alveoli where active phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) occurred.
(13) Histidine decarboxylase activity was not found in cells of nonpathogenic neisseria, obtained from bronchi of patients with infectious asthma.
(14) The present results indicate that the systemic (bronchial) circulation is the primary source of tracheal blood flow and that both the pulmonary and systemic circulations may contribute approximately 50% of the blood flow to the main bronchi in dog lungs.
(15) The three agonists provoked significant (p less than 0.05) bronchoconstriction at the level of the main bronchi when identical falls of FEV1 were achieved.
(16) In guinea pigs sensitized with 1 microgram ovalbumin together with 100 mg Al(OH)3, somatostatin levels were selectively increased up to two and 3 times in tissue extracts from trachea and bronchi, respectively, but not in lung as compared to controls.
(17) Diseased controls showed a high PD centrally which fell (became less negative) peripherally (trachea -15.8 mV (SEM 1.0), lobar bronchi -12.6 mV (1.2), segmental bronchi -9.8 mV (1.2].
(18) The consequence of these derangements is often widespread plugging of small bronchi and bronchioles.
(19) A 50% decrease was found in the ability of carcinogen-altered bronchi to act as a substrate for lipid peroxidation mediated by Adriamycin and an approximately 30% decrease for lipid peroxidation induced by t-butyl-hydroperoxide.
(20) Peak uptake values were found 5 min after Adriamycin administration, and the amounts of Adriamycin in normal and carcinogen-altered bronchi were found to be similar.
Trachea
Definition:
(n.) The windpipe. See Illust. of Lung.
(n.) One of the respiratory tubes of insects and arachnids.
(n.) One of the large cells in woody tissue which have spiral, annular, or other markings, and are connected longitudinally so as to form continuous ducts.
Example Sentences:
(1) Aplasia of the trachea associated with multiple congenital anomalies is described in a stillborn male foetus with single umbilical artery.
(2) This was worsened by the right side compression of trachea end part, due to the abnormal left pulmonary artery as demonstrated by pulmonary angiography.
(3) Tracheal mucus transport rate (TMTR) and quantitative clearance of aerosolized Escherichia coli from the trachea, lung, and air sac were measured in healthy unanesthetized turkeys and in turkeys exposed by aerosol to a La Sota vaccine strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
(4) Defects in the posterior one-half of the trachea, up to 5 rings long, were repaired, with minimal stenosis.
(5) Haemodynamic changes (supraventricular tachycardia, decreases in arterial pressure) were observed during laryngoscopy and intubation of the trachea in a patient receiving nifedipine and verapamil.
(6) General anaesthesia with apneic oxygenation may offer the ENT surgeon increased possibilities of exploration and operation at the level of the larynx and trachea, but owing to its biological consequences, it should be used only with circumspection and its indications should be totally justified, for acts of limited duration.
(7) Replacement of bath Na+ by choline decreased the PD of tracheas by 85% but did not change alveolar PD in the presence or absence of bumetanide.
(8) Compared to related compounds, N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine and N-nitrosobis(2-acetoxy-propyl)amine which are also pancreatic carcinogens, BOP induced only a few neoplasms of the lung, liver, and kidney and none in the nasal cavity, larynx, and trachea.
(9) Experiments were conducted in a group of pigs to determine the ontogeny of antigen specific IgA in the trachea.
(10) Although they were born at different periods of the year, the calves in all three groups had similar bacterial loads in their noses and tracheas when they were 1 day old (P greater than 0.05).
(11) In one patient, a minitracheostomy tube perforated the posterior wall of the trachea, resulting in pneumomediastinum.
(12) The trachea and the bronchial tree (first through seventh order branches) both synthesized alpha1(II) chains.
(13) The respiratory functions of the oropharynx, larynx, and trachea of normal human fetuses in utero were explored by means of real-time, two-dimensional ultrasonography combined with color-flow and spectral Doppler analysis.
(14) The blood flow contributions and drainage patterns of the pulmonary and systemic circulations in the upper airways (trachea and main bronchi) were assessed in anesthetized dogs by injecting 15-micron radiolabeled microspheres into the right and left heart, respectively.
(15) There were no differences between boys and girls until age 14, when girls' tracheas stopped growing.
(16) The bronchi were involved more often than the trachea and the foreign body was located more frequently at the right bronchus (38 pt).
(17) In contrast, the cat trachea was unresponsive to histamine and prostaglandin F2alpha and did not exhibit an intrinsic tone.
(18) All four requirements were experimentally verified in calf trachea.
(19) Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the trachea was performed in twenty-one children with congenital or acquired narrowing of the trachea or main bronchi.
(20) Exposure to 5000 ppm SO2 rapidly caused death in all birds with cannulated tracheae and in 4 of 5 birds with an intact respiratory system; one bird in each series of experiments died when exposed to 1000 ppm.