(1) The kinds of audience investigated included the mate, unfamiliar females, other females and males with which subjects had had prior visual and auditory contact, and broody hens with and without young.
(2) Plasma concentrations of prolactin and corticosterone were determined in hourly samples collected over a 25-hr period from unrestrained turkey hens exhibiting incubation (broody) behavior.
(3) Under resting conditions thoracic skin temperature (Tths) and metabolic heat production (M) were significantly higher in broody than in non-broody hens, indicating a permanently increased conductance of the brood patch.
(4) The relation between metabolic rate and total peripheral resistance indicated more intense vasodilation for broody hens at the relatively low metabolic rates during moderate cooling, and more intense vasoconstriction for the broody hens at the high metabolic rates during stronger cooling.
(5) Body temperatures, metabolic rate, haemostatic parameters, and cardiovascular reactions to thoracic skin cooling were compared between incubating (broody) and non-broody Bantam hens.
(6) In broody hens, these coolings induced a large, immediate increase in M, no constriction of brood patch vasculature, and a decrease in colonic temperature (Tc).
(7) A higher thoracic skin temperature (Tths) for broody hens compared to non-broody hens suggests that brood patches are the probable site of this increased flow through arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs).
(8) This treatment did not reduce broody behavior or have any beneficial effect on egg production.
(9) Under resting conditions, without thoracic skin cooling, cardiac output of broody hens was twice that of non-broody hens.
(10) Improved egg production was achieved both through an increase in the rate of egg production and through a reduction in broodiness.
(11) Hens also produced more (P less than .05) eggs when maintained under cyclic temperature conditions, although this observation was tempered by the fact that fewer hens were broody.
(12) Genetic changes in average clutch length, total days lost from broodiness, fertility, and response to cold stress did not have a major influence on semen production in the turkey.
(13) In addition, egg quality, broodiness, floor egg production, and poult weight data were obtained in Experiment 2.
(14) During moderate cooling, vasoconstriction in the feet and wattles of broody hens (but not of non-broody hens) freed non-nutrient blood flow for redistribution to the brood patches.
(15) Synthesis and release rates of prolactin and growth hormone (GH) in the anterior pituitary of laying and incubating broody chickens (Nagoya breed) were determined by a disc electrophoretic technique after in vitro incubation of anterior pituitaries with a labeled amino acid.
(16) In these hens, broodiness was disrupted on day 6 and feeding activity subsequently increased to levels of photorefractory hens.
(17) The RBC1 turkeys had linear increases in the percentage of broody hens during the first 84 and 180 days of production, the average length of the broody period, and the total number of days lost to broodiness during the 180-day period.
(18) When expressed as a deviation from RBC1, positive quadratic curvilinear changes were observed for E turkeys for number of clutches and broody periods, and days lost to broodiness during the first 180 days of production.
(19) Thoracic skin cooling from 35 to 25 degrees C decreased Tths less in broody than in non-broody hens.
(20) An assessment was made of the possible role of hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the regulation of prolactin secretion in broody bantam hens.
Sullen
Definition:
(a.) Lonely; solitary; desolate.
(a.) Gloomy; dismal; foreboding.
(a.) Mischievous; malignant; unpropitious.
(a.) Gloomily angry and silent; cross; sour; affected with ill humor; morose.
(a.) Obstinate; intractable.
(a.) Heavy; dull; sluggish.
(n.) One who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit.
(n.) Sullen feelings or manners; sulks; moroseness; as, to have the sullens.
(v. t.) To make sullen or sluggish.
Example Sentences:
(1) Most defendants in multimillion-euro fraud cases turn up to court ashen-faced and sullen-looking.
(2) Broadly defined, this sort of behaviour involves procrastination, stubbornness, resentment, sullenness, obstructionism, self-pity and a tendency to create chaotic situations.
(3) The result is a weird kind of dissonance: blogs and op-ed pieces written in London salivate over "the most important byelection in 30 years" and claim – with some justification – that its outcome will have profound consequences for the two coalition parties, while most locals view it all with a sullen detachment.
(4) They were instantly swamped by sunlight; more the sullen accused on trial than Her Majesty's front bench.
(5) "Even a total stranger could experience the chilling effect of seeing sullen pairs of the Guardia Civil walking the street."
(6) In his memoir , Brown’s former aide Damian McBride candidly describes the thrill of having the ear of one of the most powerful men in the land – though he confesses the prime minister would “stare at [him] sullenly for a moment or two, then say: ‘Get me Ed Balls.’” I certainly met plenty of chiefs of staff and spin doctors who jealously guarded their privileged access to a particular politician and their status as that MP’s “vicar on Earth”.
(7) Against a backdrop described by the King's Fund thinktank as "deepening pessimism about the ability of the NHS to make ends meet, particularly in 2015-16", many on the health side are sullenly resentful of "their" money going into the BCF.
(8) Factor analysis of this brief inventory resulted in eight factors: disorientation, impaired concentration and thinking, paranoid-hallucinatory symptoms, anxiety, sullen inadequacy (restraint depression), hostility, loss of control, giving up.
(9) Through a double-glazed window in an adjacent room, a sullen security guard in khaki watches over all.
(10) Shortly after midnight Friday, partygoers belted Purple Rain together, a notably moving moment amid a sullen day.
(11) That sullen death-stare she perfected as April in Parks & Rec should come in handy somewhere on the dark side, perhaps as a female Sith Lord – a Sith Lady, if you will.
(12) If you’re sensing that the Mill is bored, or better yet, indifferent, or better yet, showing all the sullen ardour of a husband obliging himself to make love to his wife in the thick of a carnal indifference, then take your right hand, place it over your left shoulder and give yourself a big old pat on the back.
(13) I interviewed G-Unit once (minus the banged-up Tony Yayo) and they were the antithesis of the sullen, aggressive rapper stereotype (although they did turn their noses up at the very idea of letting any of the "British food" at their 5-star hotel pass their lips, and sent their manager out for a McDonalds instead).
(14) There are roadblocks manned by sullen-looking teenagers cradling AK-47s, but no meaningful law and order.
(15) Behind came a straggling caravan of mules and porters, including a couple of teenage boys who watched the college girls with sullen fascination.
(16) McFadden's penalty brought City a point, at which point William Gallas went all precious, attacking an advertising board and sitting sullenly on the pitch after the final whistle.
(17) A period as manager of Port Vale, after Stoke had rather sullenly parted company with him, reducing his wages and refusing him complimentary tickets, was ill-starred.
(18) It made him look sullen, grumpy and at worst disengaged from his challenger.
(19) Obscenity is lecherous and sullen in regard to women and virulent towards men: it may then be interpreted as a mean of struggle against the anxiety of death.
(20) Manchester United survived a couple of scares in 2008 at Wigan, but ultimately won 2-0 comfortably, while in 2010 Chelsea romped to an 8-0 victory over Wigan at Stamford Bridge as United sullenly and pointlessly beat Stoke City 4-0 at home.