What's the difference between broom and sparteine?
Broom
Definition:
(n.) A plant having twigs suitable for making brooms to sweep with when bound together; esp., the Cytisus scoparius of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight, green, angular branches, minute leaves, and large yellow flowers.
(n.) An implement for sweeping floors, etc., commonly made of the panicles or tops of broom corn, bound together or attached to a long wooden handle; -- so called because originally made of the twigs of the broom.
(v. t.) See Bream.
Example Sentences:
(1) You could easily replicate the biggest threat he faces in the film by slipping off your shoes and taking a broom handle to a greenhouse.
(2) When my floor was dirty, I rose early, and, setting all my furniture out of doors on the grass, bed and bedstead making but one budget, dashed water on the floor, and sprinkled white sand from the pond on it, and then with a broom scrubbed it clean and white... Further - and this is a stroke of his sensitive, pawky genius - he contemplates his momentarily displaced furniture and the nuance of enchanting strangeness: It was pleasant to see my whole household effects out on the grass, making a little pile like a gypsy's pack, and my three-legged table, from which I did not remove the books and pen and ink, standing amid the pines and hickories ...
(3) As Broome describes: “Walter reinvented building from first principles and reduced it to its simplest terms which led to the post and beam frame.
(4) He’s a Nyikina-Mangala man and a traditional owner of this country, about 225km inland from Broome and 86km south of Derby.
(5) Richard Broom, City's admissions manager, says he is working on the principle that asking for an A* has to be academically justified: "We are not going to ask for it just for the sake of numbers of applicants."
(6) In this simple sentiment we can find hope, as we can in the efforts of those cleaning up the debris and ash in bonhomous, broom-wielding posses.
(7) I like the challenges that come with those that thrive in such adverse conditions, and there are plenty: woodland species that make the most of what little sunlight hits the leaf litter; ferns that like dripping cave mouths and cliff faces cast in gloom; and small shrubs that eke out a living under bigger things, such as butcher’s broom ( Ruscus aculeatus ) and fragrant sweet box ( sarcoccoca ).
(8) GRRRR," he guffawed, eyebrows wiggling lasciviously, before being ejected from Booty at 230mph courtesy of a broom and a gallon of budget acrylic nail glue.
(9) They are broom-, club- or long S-shaped, measuring 4-7 mm (long diameter) by 2-4 mm (short diameter) by 1-2 mm (thickness).
(10) Clearly, we may expect some of our new brooms to withdraw from the process in the coming weeks.
(11) Speaking to Guardian Australia in Broome, she says the impact of shutting services will be seen in the local parks in the town, where a significant population of homeless Aboriginal people already make camp.
(12) Piecing together accounts from friends, it appears this steeled Charlie’s resolve to visit his ex-wife and family in Broome, “by hook or by crook”, as one friend said, even though he was still on the end of a very long waiting list for the town’s Aboriginal dialysis clinic.
(13) Mr Hublot Possessions Room on the Broom Winner: Get a Horse!
(14) "People have described UK Methane as a company of two guys in a broom cupboard," she says.
(15) Mr. Hublot Possessions Room on the Broom Best short Aquel No Era Yo (That Wasn't Me) Avant Que De Tout Perdre (Just before Losing Everything) Helium Pitääkö Mun Kaikki Hoitaa?
(16) With traditional grass brooms the opposition party’s symbol, a group of young boys, including one who had no legs, swept to the beat of drums and traditional guitars outside.
(17) She had been sleeping rough in Broome for about two years.
(18) With traditional grass brooms - the opposition party’s symbol - a group of young boys, including one who had no legs, swept to the beat of drums and traditional guitars outside.
(19) Barnett made the comments to PerthNow on Thursday morning, the same time as a meeting of the alliance of WA land councils in Broome.
(20) Charlie’s death is now with the Broome coroner, who is waiting for toxicology, pathology and police reports before deciding on an inquiry.
Sparteine
Definition:
(n.) A narcotic alkaloid extracted from the tops of the common broom (Cytisus scoparius, formerly Spartium scoparium), as a colorless oily liquid of aniline-like odor and very bitter taste.
Example Sentences:
(1) The effect of the potassium current blocker sparteine and its analogue tedisamil on ICl was tested.
(2) One subject who was a poor metabolizer of mephenytoin and sparteine had the lowest imipramine oral clearance of all 22 subjects studied.
(3) Carbamazepine-epoxidation was not correlated to 4-hydroxylation of debrisoquine, oxidation of sparteine, 3- and 4-hydroxylation and demethylation of antipyrine, demethylation of amitriptyline, or total metabolism of theophylline.
(4) Sparteine-N1-oxidation appears to be determined by two allelic genes at a single locus where nonmetabolisers are homozygous for an autosomal recessive gene.
(5) The effects of (+)-sparteine, a ganglionic blocking agent, on acetylcholine (ACh)-induced membrane currents and on fast excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were studied in the neurons of rat isolated superior cervical ganglion, with the whole-cell patch-clamp recording method and the two-electrode voltage-clamp method, respectively.
(6) The ratio of the molar concentration producing 50% reduction of Vmax to that reducing force of contraction by 50% ranged from 0.23 (sparteine) to 2.2 (disopyramide) showing that some of the drugs were more potent Na channel blockers than negative inotropic agents, while the reverse was true for others.
(7) In order to determine whether the metabolism of the antiarrhythmic drug N-propylajmaline is under the same genetic control as sparteine metabolism, the pharmacokinetics of this antiarrhythmic drug were studied in a groups of six extensive and four poor metabolizers of sparteine.
(8) We report on studies of the oxidative routes associated with the polymorphic metabolism of debrisoquine, sparteine and mephenytoin, as well as on the pathway catalyzed by N-acetyl-transferase.
(9) More marked inhibition of metabolism was observed with sparteine, and the formation of dehydrosparteine was abolished.
(10) It is concluded that sparteine sulphate enhances beta-cell secretion, causing a fall in the plasma glucose concentration.
(11) Nifedipine (NF), sparteine (SP), mephenytoin (MP) and antipyrine (AP) were administered simultaneously ("cocktail" design) to 15 healthy subjects, including 4 poor metabolizers (PM) of SP and 4 PMs of MP, on three different occasions: without pretreatment, after pentobarbital (PB) pretreatment and together with cimetidine (cim).
(12) These results suggest that decreased capacity of sparteine oxidation may be one of the susceptible factors to acquire Parkinsonism in human.
(13) One PM of metoprolol oxidation was also identified as a PM not only of debrisoquine but also of sparteine, and no misclassification by the three phenotypic methods was observed.
(14) (+)-Sparteine (2 microM) reduced the ACh-induced current caused by activation of nicotinic ACh receptors (AChRs) in a voltage-independent manner at membrane potentials of -50 mV to +30 mV, whereas its blocking effect increased at more negative membrane potentials.
(15) In this case, however, they may interfere with the in vivo phenotyping procedure by inhibiting the formation of metabolites of test drugs such as debrisoquine, sparteine, metoprolol or dextrometorphan.
(16) During quinidine treatment, the formation of sparteine metabolites (2- and 5-dehydrosparteine) was practically abolished.
(17) The metabolism of sparteine is predominantly under genetic control as treatment with drugs such as antipyrine and rifampicin known to induce oxidative drug metabolism elicited only marginal changes in sparteine metabolism.
(18) This indicates that the cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme mediating the metabolism of MP to O-desmethyl-MP is similar to that mediating metabolism of debrisoquine and sparteine.
(19) The impact of the genetic hydroxylation deficiency described for several drugs such as sparteine, debrisoquine, and phenformin, has been studied with respect to benzo(a)pyrene (BP) metabolite formation.
(20) Sparteine and tolbutamide had no effect on biguanide metabolism.