(n.) A small protuberance on the stem or branches of a plant, containing the rudiments of future leaves, flowers, or stems; an undeveloped branch or flower.
(n.) A small protuberance on certain low forms of animals and vegetables which develops into a new organism, either free or attached. See Hydra.
(v. i.) To put forth or produce buds, as a plant; to grow, as a bud does, into a flower or shoot.
(v. i.) To begin to grow, or to issue from a stock in the manner of a bud, as a horn.
(v. i.) To be like a bud in respect to youth and freshness, or growth and promise; as, a budding virgin.
(v. t.) To graft, as a plant with another or into another, by inserting a bud from the one into an opening in the bark of the other, in order to raise, upon the budded stock, fruit different from that which it would naturally bear.
Example Sentences:
(1) Serially sectioned rabbit foliate taste buds were examined with high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) and computer-assisted, three-dimensional reconstruction.
(2) Small pieces of anterior and posterior quail wing-bud mesoderm (HH stages 21-23) were placed in in vitro culture for up to 3 days.
(3) They are capable of synthesis and accumulation of glycogen and responsible for its transfer to sites of more intense metabolism (growth, bud, blastema).
(4) Pupils who disrupt the learning of their classmates are dealt with firmly and, in many cases, a short suspension is an effective way of nipping bad behaviour in the bud."
(5) Tissue sections, taken from foliate and circumvallate papillae, generally revealed taste buds in which all cells were immunoreactive; however, occasionally some taste buds were found to contain highly reactive individual cells adjacent to non-reactive cells.
(6) They were formed by budding off from the cytoplasmic projections of the osteoblastic tumor cells.
(7) These antibodies were used to study the localization and synthesis of myosin heavy chain and tropomyosin in the limb buds of premetamorphic (stage VI-VII) tadpoles treated with triiodothyronine (T3) to induce metamorphosis.
(8) In contrast, sporoblasts and budding and free sporozoites in mature oocysts were labeled uniformly on the outer surfaces of their plasma membranes, indicating a uniform distribution of CS protein on these membranes.
(9) Other experiments further implicated actin in the budding process during virus maturation, as there appeared to be a specific association of actin in vitro only with nucleocapsids that have terminated RNA synthesis, which is presumably a prerequisite to budding.
(10) By the time the bud was half the diameter of the mother cell, it almost always bore a vacuole.
(11) The ICC assay demonstrated the production of infectious HIV-1 particles and budding of mature virions was observed by electron microscopy.
(12) We report now that the hormonal metabolite of vitamin D3, namely 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, stimulates chondrogenesis in cultures of stage 24 chick embryo limb bud mesenchymal cells, as evidenced by morphologic changes as well as by increased transcription of collagen type II and core protein genes.
(13) Lysis ability was acquired by growth in (or transfer to) an osmotically stabilized environment, but only under conditions which permitted budding.
(14) Intralobar pulmonary sequestration has generally been considered a congenital malformation in which an accessory lung bud develops, is enveloped by normal lung, and retains its systemic arterial supply.
(15) Consequently mother cells can switch their mating type whereas bud cells cannot.
(16) At the former site the membrane overlying the bud showed an electron opaque thickening which imparted to the mature particle an asymmetrical appearance.
(17) Recently, cDNA clones encoding several bovine CKI isoforms have been sequenced that show high sequence identity to the HRR25 gene product of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; HRR25 is required for normal cellular growth, nuclear segregation, DNA repair, and meiosis.
(18) Budding "yeast-like organisms" that were consistent with Cryptococcus neoformans appeared in tissue specimens.
(19) This decrease in virus release appeared to be due to interference with the virus budding process due to antibody-mediated modulation of virus-induced cell surface antigens.
(20) Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) was tested for its ability to stimulate a chemotactic response in Stage 24 embryonic chick limb bud mesenchymal cells and muscle-derived fibroblasts.
Calyx
Definition:
(n.) The covering of a flower. See Flower.
(n.) A cuplike division of the pelvis of the kidney, which surrounds one or more of the renal papillae.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results, together with information from the amino acid sequences, infer that the native carotenoid, astaxanthin, is bound to each apoprotein within an internal hydrophobic pocket, or calyx.
(2) The involved calyx is punctured directly and dilatation performed to the stone without negotiating a wire into the renal pelvis.
(3) The host cannot encapsulate the parasitoid egg owing to the suppressive effect of the polydnavirus-laden calyx fluid injected by the female parasitoid during oviposition.
(4) A small population of nonadrenergic, VIPI nerves innervates the renal calyx.
(5) Flexible ureterorenoscopy is valuable for diagnosis of filling defects in the lower calyx and for treatment of stones in the upper and middle ureter.
(6) A sparse plexus of VIPI nerves innervates the rat renal calyx.
(7) Two antimicrobial fractions were obtained from the sponge Calyx podatypa from the Bahamas.
(8) The optimum photographing time was 15 minutes in the upper urinary tract (nephrogram, calyx, pelvis, upper ureter) and 20 minutes in the lower urinary tract (lower ureter, urinary bladder).
(9) It could be shown that nucleus and calyx may have a monomineral as well as a polymineral structure.
(10) A dense plexus of SPI nerves innervates the rat renal calyx.
(11) For example, in the cerebellum it recognizes myelinated axons and the calyx formed by basket cell axon collaterals.
(12) The smooth muscle and myofibroblast-like cells presumably assist expression of urine from the papilla and calyx, and possibly participate as pacemakers for the urinary tract.
(13) From September 1988 to April 1989, 400 patients with stones in the calyx (40%), in the renal pelvis (45%), in the ureter (15%) and with staghorn calculi (5%) underwent shock wave treatment.
(14) The rhabdom of isolated small photoreceptors is surrounded by a calyx originating from the soma, so that it appears to be located internally.
(15) The vestibular sensory epithelia contain two main types of hair cell innervation; bouton-innervated hair cells and calyceal hair cells characterized by a surrounding nerve calyx.
(16) The importance of selective arteriography and the interpretation of the "naked calyx" sign in the diagnosis of supernumerary renal arteries has been emphasized.
(17) If a fine deformity of calyx is shown on intravenous pyelogram, magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates renal scarring.
(18) Proper placement of the percutaneous nephrostomy tract through a posterior middle calyx and of a guidewire across the ureteropelvic junction is necessary in order to gain access to the narrowed area with a rigid cutting instrument.
(19) Subsequent to the elaboration of the activation calyx, the contents of cortical granules are released (cortical reaction) into the perivitelline space.
(20) Surrounding baculovirus occlusion bodies is an electron-dense layer reported to be composed of carbohydrate which we term calyx.