(n.) A process of asexual reproduction, in which a new organism or cell is formed by a protrusion of a portion of the animal or vegetable organism, the bud thus formed sometimes remaining attached to the parent stalk or cell, at other times becoming free; gemmation. See Hydroidea.
(n.) The act or process of ingrafting one kind of plant upon another stock by inserting a bud under the bark.
Example Sentences:
(1) Serially sectioned rabbit foliate taste buds were examined with high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) and computer-assisted, three-dimensional reconstruction.
(2) Small pieces of anterior and posterior quail wing-bud mesoderm (HH stages 21-23) were placed in in vitro culture for up to 3 days.
(3) They are capable of synthesis and accumulation of glycogen and responsible for its transfer to sites of more intense metabolism (growth, bud, blastema).
(4) Pupils who disrupt the learning of their classmates are dealt with firmly and, in many cases, a short suspension is an effective way of nipping bad behaviour in the bud."
(5) Tissue sections, taken from foliate and circumvallate papillae, generally revealed taste buds in which all cells were immunoreactive; however, occasionally some taste buds were found to contain highly reactive individual cells adjacent to non-reactive cells.
(6) They were formed by budding off from the cytoplasmic projections of the osteoblastic tumor cells.
(7) These antibodies were used to study the localization and synthesis of myosin heavy chain and tropomyosin in the limb buds of premetamorphic (stage VI-VII) tadpoles treated with triiodothyronine (T3) to induce metamorphosis.
(8) In contrast, sporoblasts and budding and free sporozoites in mature oocysts were labeled uniformly on the outer surfaces of their plasma membranes, indicating a uniform distribution of CS protein on these membranes.
(9) Other experiments further implicated actin in the budding process during virus maturation, as there appeared to be a specific association of actin in vitro only with nucleocapsids that have terminated RNA synthesis, which is presumably a prerequisite to budding.
(10) By the time the bud was half the diameter of the mother cell, it almost always bore a vacuole.
(11) The ICC assay demonstrated the production of infectious HIV-1 particles and budding of mature virions was observed by electron microscopy.
(12) We report now that the hormonal metabolite of vitamin D3, namely 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, stimulates chondrogenesis in cultures of stage 24 chick embryo limb bud mesenchymal cells, as evidenced by morphologic changes as well as by increased transcription of collagen type II and core protein genes.
(13) Lysis ability was acquired by growth in (or transfer to) an osmotically stabilized environment, but only under conditions which permitted budding.
(14) Intralobar pulmonary sequestration has generally been considered a congenital malformation in which an accessory lung bud develops, is enveloped by normal lung, and retains its systemic arterial supply.
(15) Consequently mother cells can switch their mating type whereas bud cells cannot.
(16) At the former site the membrane overlying the bud showed an electron opaque thickening which imparted to the mature particle an asymmetrical appearance.
(17) Recently, cDNA clones encoding several bovine CKI isoforms have been sequenced that show high sequence identity to the HRR25 gene product of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; HRR25 is required for normal cellular growth, nuclear segregation, DNA repair, and meiosis.
(18) Budding "yeast-like organisms" that were consistent with Cryptococcus neoformans appeared in tissue specimens.
(19) This decrease in virus release appeared to be due to interference with the virus budding process due to antibody-mediated modulation of virus-induced cell surface antigens.
(20) Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) was tested for its ability to stimulate a chemotactic response in Stage 24 embryonic chick limb bud mesenchymal cells and muscle-derived fibroblasts.
Stolon
Definition:
(n.) A trailing branch which is disposed to take root at the end or at the joints; a stole.
(n.) An extension of the integument of the body, or of the body wall, from which buds are developed, giving rise to new zooids, and thus forming a compound animal in which the zooids usually remain united by the stolons. Such stolons are often present in Anthozoa, Hydroidea, Bryozoa, and social ascidians. See Illust. under Scyphistoma.
Example Sentences:
(1) If the compounds are applied in a pulse during metamorphosis, a large part of the available tissue forms stolons.
(2) The youngest, forming desmocytes are found in the distal end of the stolon 0.5-1.0 mm from the base of the hydranth.
(3) When whole animals are exposed to SIF, stolons sprout not only from the base of the polyps but also from abnormal sites along the entire body, even from the head.
(4) Selected recombinants have been used to demonstrate that phosphorylase mRNA is most abundant in tubers but is also detectable in stolon, root, stem and leaf tissue.
(5) A cDNA clone (pPCM-1) for plant calmodulin was isolated by screening a potato stolon tip cDNA library with a chicken calmodulin cDNA.
(6) By analogy to processes in angiogenesis (blood vessel formation), the development of the stolonal network in colonial hydrozoa involves stimulation of branching and mutual chemotropic attraction of the growing branches by means of soluble morphogenetic factors.
(7) No significant differences in macro- and micromorphology were found between the parasitic stolon and free-living polyps of Polypodium sp.
(8) Remnants have lost their mesogleal connection and are located in more proximal, older regions of upright stolon.
(9) Stolon tips showed the highest levels of calmodulin mRNA, suggesting a role for calmodulin in the tuberization process.
(10) The granule-bound starch synthase gene is expressed organ-specifically since stolons and tubers showed GUS activities 125- to 3350-fold higher than in leaves.
(11) These results are very similar to these ones occuring in Syllidae with the stolonization mode of reproduction.
(12) Micropipettes ejecting SIF mimic the inducing action of stolon tips, the putative sources of SIF.
(13) At high SIF doses the whole hydranth is transformed into stolon tissue.
(14) Incubation of larvae in 10 to 20 microM-homarine or trigonelline prevents head as well as stolon formation.
(15) The process of tuber formation also changed, resulting in significantly more tubers both per plant and per stolon.
(16) Support provided by the desmocytes to the upright stolon is limited by three factors that characterize the athecate hydroid: distribution of perisarc, pattern of growth, and extent of movement.
(17) The capsule of the dormant bud has some structural features in common with the black stolon of the adult zooids.
(18) An anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) phenolic constituent, licopyranocoumarin (4), and two other new phenolics named licoarylcoumarin (5) and glisoflavone (6) were isolated from Si-pei licorice (a commercial licorice; root and stolon of Glycyrrhiza sp.
(19) Treatment of developing colonies of Podocoryne carnea, a hydractiniid hydroid, with dilute solutions of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, accelerates the usual ontogenetic trajectory of polyp and stolon production.
(20) In addition, the polyp (hydranth) secretes a chitinous periderm which, in the species under investigation, normally envelops stolons but not hydranths.